Optical truss interferometer for the LISA telescope

Kylan Jersey; Kylan Jersey; Ian Harley-Trochimczyk; Yanqi Zhang; Yanqi Zhang; Felipe Guzman

doi:10.1364/AO.493108

Applied Optics
Vol. 62,
Issue 21,
pp. 5675-5682
(2023)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.493108

Optical truss interferometer for the LISA telescope

Kylan Jersey, Ian Harley-Trochimczyk, Yanqi Zhang, and Felipe Guzman

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Kylan Jersey, Ian Harley-Trochimczyk, Yanqi Zhang, and Felipe Guzman, "Optical truss interferometer for the LISA telescope," Appl. Opt. 62, 5675-5682 (2023)

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Abstract

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna telescopes must exhibit an optical path length stability of ${\rm pm}/\sqrt {{\rm Hz}}$ in the mHz observation band to meet mission requirements. The optical truss interferometer is a proposed method to aid in the ground testing of the telescopes, as well as a risk-mitigation plan for flight units. This consists of three Fabry–Perot cavities mounted to the telescope, which are used to monitor structural displacements. We have designed and developed a fiber-based cavity injection system that integrates fiber components, mode matching optics, and a cavity input mirror into a compact input stage. The input stages, paired with return mirror stages, can be mounted to the telescope to form optical truss cavities. We performed a thorough sensitivity analysis using various simulation methods to support the fabrication and assembly of three first-generation prototype cavities, each of which exhibited satisfactory performance based on our models.

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Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Fiber	Wavelength	Mode Field Diameter	Fiber NA
Single-mode PM cable	1064 nm	$6.6 \pm 1 µ m$	0.12
Collimator	Focal Length	AR Coating	Output Mode
Adjustable mounting	12 mm	$R < 0.4 %$	$ω_{0} = 0.95 m m$
Lens 1	Focal Length	Position	Coatings
Surface 1: plane	$\infty$	Incident beam waist	Both sides
Surface 2: convex	35.5 mm	4.45 mm (thickness)	$R < 0.3 %$
Lens 2	Focal Length	Position	Coatings
Surface 1: concave	−19.3 mm	17.26 mm (from lens 1)	$R < 0.3 %$
Surface 2: concave	−1112.1 mm	5.57 mm (thickness)	$R \geq 99.8 %$

Parameter	Tolerance Range	Simulated Effect
Lens 1 surface 2	15.979 mm	$V = 98.4 %$ ( $+$ )
Radius of curvature	$\pm 0.034 m m$	$V = 98.4 %$ ( $-$ )
Lens 1	4.45 mm	$V = 99.9 %$ ( $+$ )
Thickness	$\pm 50 µ m$	$V = 99.8 %$ ( $-$ )
Lens 1—lens 2	17.26 mm	$V = 99.0 %$ ( $+$ )
Separation	$\pm 50 µ m$	$V = 99.3 %$ ( $-$ )
Lens 1 decenter	$\pm 5 µ m$	$V = 72.6 %$ ( $\pm$ )
Lens 1 tilt	$\pm 140 µ r a d$	$V = 93.4 %$ ( $\pm$ )

Component	Length [mm]	CTE [ $K^{- 1}$ ]	Displacement [pm]
Zerodur housing	38	$10^{- 7}$	0.038
Invar 36 sleeve	37.5	$1.3 \times 10^{- 6}$	0.488
Fused silica optics	4.5−5.6	$5.8 \times 10^{- 7}$	0.026–0.033

Optical Power Loss	Unit #1	Unit #2	Unit #3
PM mating sleeves	0.75 dB	1.02 dB	1.14 dB
PM fiber circulator	0.99 dB	0.99 dB	0.99 dB
OTI input stage	1.25 dB (75%)	1.49 dB (71%)	1.37 dB (73%)
Cavity Alignment	Unit #1	Unit #2	Unit #3
$V = \frac{P_{max} - P_{min}}{P_{max} + P_{min}}$	75.7%	73.1%	79.1%

Fiber	Wavelength	Mode Field Diameter	Fiber NA
Single-mode PM cable	1064 nm	$6.6 \pm 1 µ m$	0.12
Collimator	Focal Length	AR Coating	Output Mode
Adjustable mounting	12 mm	$R < 0.4 %$	$ω_{0} = 0.95 m m$
Lens 1	Focal Length	Position	Coatings
Surface 1: plane	$\infty$	Incident beam waist	Both sides
Surface 2: convex	35.5 mm	4.45 mm (thickness)	$R < 0.3 %$
Lens 2	Focal Length	Position	Coatings
Surface 1: concave	−19.3 mm	17.26 mm (from lens 1)	$R < 0.3 %$
Surface 2: concave	−1112.1 mm	5.57 mm (thickness)	$R \geq 99.8 %$

Abstract

Data availability

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Figures (9)

Tables (4)

Equations (1)

Applied Optics