Dynamic space–time dark level correction approach for lunar radiometric calibration of the Lunar Observation Imaging Spectrometer

Lingping An; Lingping An; Yihao Wang; Yihao Wang; Hang Zhao; Hang Zhao; Can Yu; Can Yu; Yanheng Wang; Yanheng Wang; Shuang Wang; Xuebin Liu

doi:10.1364/AO.476640

Applied Optics
Vol. 62,
Issue 5,
pp. 1193-1199
(2023)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.476640

Dynamic space–time dark level correction approach for lunar radiometric calibration of the Lunar Observation Imaging Spectrometer

Lingping An, Yihao Wang, Hang Zhao, Can Yu, Yanheng Wang, Shuang Wang, and Xuebin Liu

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Lingping An, Yihao Wang, Hang Zhao, Can Yu, Yanheng Wang, Shuang Wang, and Xuebin Liu, "Dynamic space–time dark level correction approach for lunar radiometric calibration of the Lunar Observation Imaging Spectrometer," Appl. Opt. 62, 1193-1199 (2023)

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Abstract

Lunar radiometric calibration is used to solve the problem of consistent radiometric calibration for multiple satellite platforms and remote sensors. However, the dark level fluctuates when observing the Moon with a short-wave infrared spectrometer, which seriously affects the accuracy of lunar radiation data. In this work, we propose a dynamic space–time dark level correction approach to address the fluctuation of the dark level. This method employs cold space signals in space and time dimensions to estimate the dark level for each frame individually and to reduce errors due to environmental variations. Experiments on lunar observations at multiple phase angles were conducted, and the dark level correction results demonstrate that our proposed method is effective even in the short-wave infrared, and is also superior to currently existing techniques. For a single-band (1700 nm) image of the full Moon, the mean background proportion of the proposed method is 1.00%, which is better than that of the static dark correction method (2.25%) and linear dark correction method (5.93%).

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Supplementary Material (1)

Name	Description
Dataset 1	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7596946

Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are available in Dataset 1, Ref. [27].

27. L. An, Y. Wang, H. Zhao, C. Yu, S. Wang, and X. Liu, “Ground-based lunar short-wave infrared spectral radiation observation data,” Zenodo, (2023), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7596946.

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Parameter	Value
Spectral range	1000–2400 nm
Spectral resolution	8.22 nm
Radiation uncertainty	$< 3 %$ ( $k = 1$ )
Instantaneous field of view (IFOV)	$1^{\circ} \times {0.002}^{\circ}$
Signal–noise ratio	$> 500$

Band	Dark Level	P1	P2	P3	P4	P5	P6	P7	P8	P9	P10	Mean
1170 nm	Static	6.84	4.97	6.63	0.44	0.74	6.75	6.77	7.91	10.37	7.83	5.93
	Linear	0.02	1.02	0.12	2.72	2.99	4.49	4.53	1.11	4.40	1.10	2.25
	Dynamic	0.04	0.76	0.16	1.02	1.13	1.78	1.52	0.56	2.80	0.17	1.00
1700 nm	Static	10.20	7.86	10.37	1.38	0.85	10.41	10.38	12.42	15.18	13.25	9.23
	Linear	0.87	1.51	1.00	5.08	4.65	6.74	6.62	1.38	5.83	1.91	3.56
	Dynamic	0.25	0.53	0.43	2.19	1.28	2.78	1.78	0.82	2.86	0.41	1.33
2202 nm	Static	46.88	36.86	44.13	10.51	6.28	20.27	24.98	46.40	48.76	48.03	33.31
	Linear	0.38	2.77	1.61	5.29	9.01	4.61	9.82	0.73	9.25	2.42	4.59
	Dynamic	0.98	0.61	0.21	1.25	3.81	0.32	3.23	0.03	0.84	0.45	1.17

Parameter	Value
Spectral range	1000–2400 nm
Spectral resolution	8.22 nm
Radiation uncertainty	$< 3 %$ ( $k = 1$ )
Instantaneous field of view (IFOV)	$1^{\circ} \times {0.002}^{\circ}$
Signal–noise ratio	$> 500$

Band	Dark Level	P1	P2	P3	P4	P5	P6	P7	P8	P9	P10	Mean
1170 nm	Static	6.84	4.97	6.63	0.44	0.74	6.75	6.77	7.91	10.37	7.83	5.93
	Linear	0.02	1.02	0.12	2.72	2.99	4.49	4.53	1.11	4.40	1.10	2.25
	Dynamic	0.04	0.76	0.16	1.02	1.13	1.78	1.52	0.56	2.80	0.17	1.00
1700 nm	Static	10.20	7.86	10.37	1.38	0.85	10.41	10.38	12.42	15.18	13.25	9.23
	Linear	0.87	1.51	1.00	5.08	4.65	6.74	6.62	1.38	5.83	1.91	3.56
	Dynamic	0.25	0.53	0.43	2.19	1.28	2.78	1.78	0.82	2.86	0.41	1.33
2202 nm	Static	46.88	36.86	44.13	10.51	6.28	20.27	24.98	46.40	48.76	48.03	33.31
	Linear	0.38	2.77	1.61	5.29	9.01	4.61	9.82	0.73	9.25	2.42	4.59
	Dynamic	0.98	0.61	0.21	1.25	3.81	0.32	3.23	0.03	0.84	0.45	1.17

Abstract

Supplementary Material (1)

Data availability

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Figures (16)

Tables (2)

Equations (13)

Applied Optics