Abstract
Trace detection of toxic heavy metals is a very important and difficult problem in several areas: convenience, sensitivity, and reliability. Herein, we develop an innovative fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based ratio fluorescence sensor for the detection of heavy metal mercury ion (${{\rm Hg}^{2 +}}$). The sensing platform is composed of coumarin derivatives (CDs) and a copper metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) named CD/Cu-MOF. The constructed CD/Cu-MOFs ratio fluorescence sensor exhibits dual emission peaks at 430 and 505 nm under the single excitation wavelength of 330 nm. With the addition of ${{\rm Hg}^{2 +}}$, the fluorescence intensity of the system at 430 nm gradually increased, and the fluorescence intensity at 505 nm remained stable, resulting in a change in the fluorescence ratio. There is a good logarithmic relationship between the ${{\rm Hg}^{2 +}}$ concentration in the range from ${2} \times {{10}^{- 8}}$ to 0.001 nM and the ratio of the fluorescence emission intensity of the system (${{\rm F}_{430}}/{{\rm F}_{505}}$) (${{\rm R}^2} = {0.9901}$), and its calculated detection limit is ${3.76} \times {{10}^{- 9}}\;{\rm nM}$. In addition, the CD/Cu-MOFs ratio fluorescence sensor has achieved a good recovery rate of standard addition in the actual food sample recovery experiment, which provides an effective method for the detection of ${{\rm Hg}^{2 +}}$ in food samples.
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