Abstract

The experimental procedures required to operate windowless photomultiplier detectors as photon counters in the extreme uv (xuv) below wavelengths of about 1300 Å are reviewed. The requirements for obtaining a well-defined counting plateau for the counting system under conditions of operation frequently met in laboratory vacuum systems are emphasized. The determination of both the absolute quantum efficiency of the detector and the dynamic range over which the response of the detector varies linearly with the rate of photons is described. The experimental methods used to determine the photometric efficiency of a monochromator and its detection system are also discussed.

© 1968 Optical Society of America

Detection of Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation by Retarding Potential Analyzers

L. Heroux, R. G. Newburgh, W. J. McMahon, and H. E. Hinteregger
Appl. Opt. 7(1) 37-47 (1968)

Photon Counting

G. A. Morton
Appl. Opt. 7(1) 1-10 (1968)

Measurement of Energy and Angular Distributions of Extreme Ultraviolet Photoelectrons

W. McMahon and L. Heroux
Appl. Opt. 13(2) 438-443 (1974)

A Comparison of Photon Counting and Current Measuring Techniques in Spectrophotometry of Faint Sources

Robert G. Tull
Appl. Opt. 7(10) 2023-2029 (1968)

Detectors for the Extreme Ultraviolet. I: Photomultipliers Used in the dc Output Current Mode

D. J. Michels and W. R. Hunter
Appl. Opt. 6(3) 385-390 (1967)