Abstract

In the field of low level light detection, especially in hyperfine structure investigations, there are two main cooling problems: the cooling of the light source (usually a hollow cathode lamp (HCL)) in order to reduce the Doppler width, and the cooling of the light detector (e.g., a photomultiplier (PM)) to reduce thermal noise, especially the dark-current.

Simultaneous characterization of detector and source imperfections in infrared ellipsometry

Herbert Wormeester, Pepijn R. Kole, and Bene Poelsema
Appl. Opt. 48(15) 2853-2859 (2009)

Light Sources for Double Resonance and Level Crossing Spectroscopy

B. Budick, R. Novick, and A. Lurio
Appl. Opt. 4(2) 229-235 (1965)

Cooled Photoconductive Infrared Detectors*

Werner Beyen, Peter Bratt, Howard Davis, Leo Johnson, Henry Levinstein, and Alfred MacRae
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 49(7) 686-692 (1959)

Forced Cycled Cooling of Thermal Detectors

E. Speyer and E. Brigmanis
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 51(12) 1417-1421 (1961)

Vortex heat exchanger cooling for ir detectors

Jonathon M. Nash
Appl. Opt. 14(12) 2911-2913 (1975)