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Optica Publishing Group
  • Applied Spectroscopy
  • Vol. 63,
  • Issue 5,
  • pp. 549-554
  • (2009)

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for In-Cylinder Equivalence Ratio Measurements in Laser-Ignited Natural Gas Engines

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Abstract

In this contribution we present the first demonstration of simultaneous use of laser sparks for engine ignition and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) measurements of in-cylinder equivalence ratios. A 1064 nm neodynium yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser beam is used with an optical spark plug to ignite a single cylinder natural gas engine. The optical emission from the combustion initiating laser spark is collected through the optical spark plug and cycle-by-cycle spectra are analyzed for H<sub>α</sub>(656 nm), O(777 nm), and N(742 nm, 744 nm, and 746 nm) neutral atomic lines. The line area ratios of H<sub>α</sub>/O<sub>777</sub>, H<sub>α</sub>/N<sub>746</sub>, and H<sub>α</sub>/N<sub>tot</sub> (where N<sub>tot</sub> is the sum of areas of the aforementioned N lines) are correlated with equivalence ratios measured by a wide band universal exhaust gas oxygen (UEGO) sensor. Experiments are performed for input laser energy levels of 21 mJ and 26 mJ, compression ratios of 9 and 11, and equivalence ratios between 0.6 and 0.95. The results show a linear correlation (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> > 0.99) of line intensity ratio with equivalence ratio, thereby suggesting an engine diagnostic method for cylinder resolved equivalence ratio measurements.

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