Abstract

Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in internal combustion engines is an effective method of reducing NO_x emissions while improving efficiency. However, insufficient mixing between fresh air and exhaust gas can lead to cycle-to-cycle and cylinder-to-cylinder non-uniform charge gas mixtures of a multi-cylinder engine, which can in turn reduce engine performance and efficiency. A sensor packaged into a compact probe was designed, built and applied to measure spatiotemporal EGR distributions in the intake manifold of an operating engine. The probe promotes the development of more efficient and higher-performance engines by resolving high-speed in situ CO₂ concentration at various locations in the intake manifold. The study employed mid-infrared light sources tuned to an absorption band of CO₂ near 4.3 μm, an industry standard species for determining EGR fraction. The calibrated probe was used to map spatial EGR distributions in an intake manifold with high accuracy and monitor cycle-resolved cylinder-specific EGR fluctuations at a rate of up to 1 kHz.

Simultaneous high-speed gas property measurements at the exhaust gas recirculation cooler exit and at the turbocharger inlet of a multicylinder diesel engine using diode-laser-absorption spectroscopy

Gurneesh S. Jatana, Mark Magee, David Fain, Sameer V. Naik, Gregory M. Shaver, and Robert P. Lucht
Appl. Opt. 54(5) 1220-1231 (2015)

Simultaneous temperature and exhaust-gas recirculation-measurements in a homogeneous charge-compression ignition engine by use of pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy

Markus C. Weikl, Frank Beyrau, and Alfred Leipertz
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Four-color fiber-coupled mid-infrared laser-absorption sensor for temperature, CO, CO₂, and NO at 5 kHz in internal combustion engine vehicle exhaust

Joshua W. Stiborek, Charles J. Schwartz, Nathan J. Kempema, Joseph J. Szente, Michael J. Loos, and Christopher S. Goldenstein
Appl. Opt. 62(32) 8517-8528 (2023)

Ammonia concentration distribution measurements in the exhaust of a heavy duty diesel engine based on limited data absorption tomography

Felix Stritzke, Sani van der Kley, Alexander Feiling, Andreas Dreizler, and Steven Wagner
Opt. Express 25(7) 8180-8191 (2017)

Raman line imaging for spatially and temporally resolved mole fraction measurements in internal combustion engines

Paul C. Miles
Appl. Opt. 38(9) 1714-1732 (1999)