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  • Current Optics and Photonics
  • Vol. 1,
  • Issue 3,
  • pp. 186-195
  • (2017)

Visibility Measurement in an Atmospheric Environment Simulation Chamber

Hongda Tai, Zibo Zhuang, Lihui Jiang, and Dongsong Sun

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

Obtaining accurate visibility measurements is a common atmospheric optical problem, and of vital significance to civil aviation. To effectively evaluate and improve the accuracy of visibility measurements, an outdoor atmospheric simulation chamber with dimensions of 1.8×1.6×55.7 m3 was constructed. The simulation chamber could provide a relatively homogeneous haze environment, in which the visibility varied from 10 km to 0.2 km over 5 hours. A baseline-changing visibility measurement system was constructed in the chamber. A mobile platform (receiver) was moved from 5 m to 45 m, stopping every 5 m, to measure and record the transmittance. The total least-squares method was used to fit the extinction coefficient. During the experiment conducted in the chamber, the unit weight variance was as low as 1.33×10−4 under high-visibility conditions, and the coefficient of determination (R2) was as high as 0.99 under low-visibility conditions, indicating high stability and accuracy of the system used to measure the extinction coefficients and strong consistency between repeated measurements. A Grimm portable aerosol spectrometer (PAS) was used to record the aerosol distribution, and then Mie theory was used to calculate the extinction coefficients. The theoretical results were found to be consistent with the measurements and exhibited a positive correlation, although they were higher than the measured values.

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References

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  • Publication
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  24. B. R. Rao, S. Mazumdar, J. H. Waller, and C. C. LiCorrelation between the numbers of two types of children in a familyBiometrics197329271279
  25. D. Bäumer, B. Vogel, S. Versick, R. Rinke, O. Möhler, and M. SchnaiterRelationship of visibility, aerosol optical thickness and aerosol size distribution in an ageing air mass over South-West GermanyAtmospheric Environment200842989998

Other (25)

I. C. A. OrganizationManual on Automatic Meteorological Observing Systems at AerodromesInternational Civil Aviation OrganizationMontreal, CA2013

I. C. A. OrganizationManual of Runway Visual Range Observing and Reporting PracticesInternational Civil Aviation OrganizationMontreal, CA2005

D. J. Griggs, D. W. Jones, M. Ouldridge, and W. R. SparksThe first WMO intercomparison of visibility measurementsWorld Meteorological OrganizationGeneva, Switzerland1990

H. I. BloeminkKNMI visibility standard for calibration of scatterometersWMO Technical Conference on Instruments and Methods of ObservationGeneva, Switzerland200646

J. D. CrosbyVisibility sensor accuracy: what’s realistic12th Sympsium on Meterological Observations and InstrumentationLong Beach, CA2003Feb.913

W. M. OrganizationGuide to Meterological Instruments and Methods of ObservationSecretariat of the World Meteorological OrganizationGeneva, Switzerland2008

I. I. Kim, B. McArthur, and E. J. KorevaarComparison of laser beam propagation at 785 nm and 1550 nm in fog and haze for optical wireless communicationsProc. SPIE200142142637

M. Al NaboulsiFog attenuation prediction for optical and infrared wavesOptical Engineering200443319329

R. NebuloniEmpirical relationships between extinction coefficient and visibility in fogApplied Optics20054437953804

K. W. Fischer, M. R. Witiw, and E. EisenbergOptical attenuation in fog at a wavelength of 1.55 micrometersAtmospheric Research200887252258

E. Ferdinandov, K. Dimitrov, A. Dandarov, and I. BakalskiA general model of the atmospheric scattering in the wavelength interval 300-1100 nmRadioengineering200918517521

M. Grabner and V. KviceraThe wavelength dependent model of extinction in fog and haze for free space optical communicationOptics Express20111933793386

M. Ijaz, Z. Ghassemlooy, J. Pesek, O. Fiser, H. Le Minh, and E. BentleyModeling of fog and smoke attenuation in free space optical communications link under controlled laboratory conditionsJournal of Lightwave Technology20133117201726

Z. Ghassemlooy, H. Le Minh, S. Rajbhandari, J. Perez, and M. IjazPerformance analysis of Ethernet/fast-Ethernet free space optical communications in a controlled weak turbulence conditionJournal of Lightwave Technology20123021882194

O. Möhler, S. Büttner, C. Linke, M. Schnaiter, H. Saathoff, O. Stetzer, R. Wagner, M. Krämer, A. Mangold, V. Ebert, and U. SchurathEffect of sulfuric acid coating on heterogeneous ice nucleation by soot aerosol particlesJournal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres200511014231436

T. Brauers, B. Bohn, F. J. Johnen, R. Rohrer, S. Rodriguez Bares, R. Tillmann, and A. WahnerThe atmosphere simulation chamber saphir: a tool for the investigation of photochemistryEGS-AGU-EUG Joint Assembly200314449

K. H. BeckerThe European Photoreactor EUPHORE, final report of the EC-Project1996Contract EV5V-CT92, 59

H. Jeffries, D. Fox, and R. KamensOutdoor smog chamber studies: light effects relative to indoor chambersEnvironmental Science & Technology19761010061011

E. J. McCartney and F. F. HallOptics of the Atmosphere: Scattering by Molecules and ParticlesJohn Wiley and SonsNew York, USA1977

P. W. Kruse, L. D. McGlauchlin, and R. B. McQuistanElements of Infrared Technology: Generation, Transmission, and DetectionWileyNew York, USA1962

I. C. A. OrganizationAnnex 3 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. Meteorological Service for International Air NavigationInternational Civil Aviation OrganizationMontreal, CA2013

D. DeirmendjianElectromagnetic scattering on spherical polydispersionsAmerican Elsevier Publishing Company Inc.New York, USA1969

S. V. Huffel and J. VandewalleThe Total Least Squares Problem: Computational Aspects and AnalysisMathematics of Computation199159200

B. R. Rao, S. Mazumdar, J. H. Waller, and C. C. LiCorrelation between the numbers of two types of children in a familyBiometrics197329271279

D. Bäumer, B. Vogel, S. Versick, R. Rinke, O. Möhler, and M. SchnaiterRelationship of visibility, aerosol optical thickness and aerosol size distribution in an ageing air mass over South-West GermanyAtmospheric Environment200842989998

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