Abstract
We studied experimentally and theoretically the vertical range of
the confined electric field in the gap area of metamaterials, which was
analyzed for various gap widths using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.
We measured the resonant frequency as a function of the thickness of
poly(methyl methacrylate) in the range 0 to 3.2 µm to quantify
the effective detection volumes. We found that the effective vertical
range of the metamaterial is determined by the size of the gap width. The
vertical range was found to decrease as the gap width of the metamaterial
decreases, whereas the sensitivity is enhanced as the gap width decreases
due to the highly concentrated electric field. Our experimental findings
are in good agreement with the finite-difference time-domain simulation
results. Finally, a numerical expression was obtained for the vertical
range as a function of the gap width. This expression is expected to be
very useful for optimizing the sensing efficiency.
© 2016 Optical Society of Korea
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