Abstract
In this paper, we have proposed a “Chess
board” like photonic crystal (PhC) structure on top surface
of p-GaN/SiO<sub>2</sub> layer in conventional LED, on top surface of n-GaN layer in vertical
LED and an embedded PhC structure in n-GaN layer for achieving an improved
light extraction in GaN/InGaN LEDs. The results are compared with that of
the LED structures with conventional 2-D PhC structures and of the conventional
LEDs. Results from these simulations show that the maximum light extraction
for conventional LED having “Chess
board” like structure occurs for a grating period of 0.6 μm with
a grating-depth of 0.18 μm, which gives ~4 times enhancement compared to that of conventional LED and 1.2–1.4
times compared to that of LED with conventional 2-D PhCs. In case of a vertical
LED, the maximum enhancement in light extraction occurs for the same grating-period
with a depth of 0.5 μm, which is ~3.5 times compared to that of the conventional vertical LEDs. We
have also simulated our proposed structure on top of SiO<sub>2</sub>-on-p-GaN layer in order
to avoid the etching of p-GaN layer, which shows ~2.2 times enhancement in comparison
to that of conventional LED. For the proposed embedded PhC structure in n-GaN
layer, the light extraction is enhanced by a factor of 2.8–3.5 as compared
to the conventional LED.
© 2013 IEEE
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