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  • Journal of Lightwave Technology
  • Vol. 32,
  • Issue 17,
  • pp. 2960-2972
  • (2014)

Capacity-Approaching Superposition Coding for Optical Fiber Links

José Estarán, Darko Zibar, and Idelfonso Tafur Monroy

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We report on the first experimental demonstration of superposition coded modulation (SCM) for polarization-multiplexed coherent-detection optical fiber links. The proposed coded modulation scheme is combined with phase-shifted bit-to-symbol mapping (PSM) in order to achieve geometric and passive shaping of the signal's waveform. The output constellations in SCM-PSM exhibit nonbijective quasi-Gaussian statistical distributions that asymptotically reach the Shannon capacity limit, showing up to 0.7 dB sensitivity improvement for 256-ary SCM-PSM with respect to 256-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The characteristic wave formation based on superposition of antipodal symbols and the lack of need for additional encoders for signal shaping, greatly reduces the transmitter and receiver processing complexity in comparison to conventional alternatives. Single-level coding strategy (SL-SCM) is employed in the framework of bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding (BICM-ID) for forward error correction. The fiber transmission system is characterized in terms of signal-to-noise ratio for back-to-back case and correlated with simulated results for ideal transmission over additive white Gaussian noise channel. Thereafter, successful demodulation and decoding after dispersion-unmanaged transmission over 240-km standard single mode fiber of dual-polarization 6-Gbaud 16-, 32- and 64-ary SCM-PSM is experimentally demonstrated.

© 2014 IEEE

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References

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  • Author
  • Publication
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  8. I. B. Djordjevic, “Spatial-domain-based hybrid multidimensional coded-modulation schemes enabling multi-Tb/s optical transport,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 14, pp. 2315–2328, 2012.
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  10. C. Hager, A. Graell i Amat, A. Alvarado, and E. Agrell, “Design of APSK constellations for coherent optical channels with nonlinear phase noise,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 3362–3373, 2013.
  11. T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.
  12. S. Chandrasekhar, X. Liu, P. J. Winzer, T. H. Lotz, C. J. Youn, Y. H. Kwon, and E. S. Nam, “Field demonstration of 3 × 341-Gb/s PDM-OFDM-256 iterative polar modulation signals with a record 11.0-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency,” presented at the Proc. Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., San Francisco, CA, USA, 2014, Paper PDP Th5A.8.
  13. T. Wo and P. A. Hoeher, “Superposition mapping with application in bit-interleaved coded modulation,” in Proc. Source Channel Coding, 2010, pp. 1–6.
  14. D. Hao and P. A. Hoeher, “Superposition modulation with reliability-based hybrid detection,” in Proc. Int. Symp. Turbo Codes Iterative Inform. Process., 2010, pp. 280–284.
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  20. G. Caire, G. Taricco, and E. Biglieri, “Bit-interleaved coded modulation,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 927–946, 1998.
  21. A. Chindapol and J. Ritcey, “Design, analysis, and performance evaluation for BICM-ID with square QAM constellations in rayleigh fading channels,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 944–957, 2001.
  22. P. Robertson, E. Villebrun, and P. Hoeher, “A comparison of optimal and sub-optimal MAP decoding algorithms operating in the log domain,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Commun., 1995, vol. 2, pp. 1009–1013.
  23. B. Vasic, I. B. Djordjevic, and V. S. Rao, “Suppression of intrachannel nonlinearities using BCJR algorithm and iterative decoding,” presented at the Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., Anaheim, CA, USA, 2006.
  24. L. Bahl, J. Cocke, F. Jelinek, and J. Raviv, “Optimal decoding of linear codes for minimizing symbol error rate (Corresp.),” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 284–287, 1974.
  25. S. Abrantes, “From BCJR to turbo decoding: MAP algorithms made easier,” (2004, Apr.). Available: http://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/
  26. D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.
  27. J. Estaran, D. Zibar, A. Caballero, C. Peucheret, and I. T. Monroy, “Experimental demonstration of capacity-achieving phase-shifted superposition modulation,” in Proc. Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2013, pp. 1–3.
  28. S. Benedetto, D. Divsalar, G. Montorsi, and F. Pollara, “Serial concatenation of interleaved codes: Performance analysis, design, and iterative decoding,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 909–926, 1998.
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  30. J. B. Anderson and F. Rusek, “The Shannon bit error limit for linear coded modulation,” in Proc. Int. Symp. Inform. Theory Appl., 2004, pp. 9–11.
  31. A. Carena, G. Bosco, V. Curri, P. Poggiolini, M. T. Taiba, and F. Forghieri, “Statistical characterization of PM-QPSK signals after propagation in uncompensated fiber links,” in Proc. 36th Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2010, pp. 1–3.
  32. A. Carena, V. Curri, G. Bosco, P. Poggiolini, and F. Forghieri, “Modeling of the impact of nonlinear propagation effects in uncompensated optical coherent transmission links,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1524–1539, 2012.
  33. J. Tong and L. Ping, “Performance analysis of superposition coded modulation,” Phys. Commun., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 147–155, 2010.
  34. T. Kobayashi, A. Sano, A. Matsuura, Y. Miyamoto, and K. Ishihara, “Nonlinear tolerant spectrally-efficient transmission using PDM 64-QAM single carrier FDM with digital pilot-tone,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 24, pp. 3805–3815, 2012.
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2013 (3)

W.-R. Peng, T. Tsuritani, and I. Morita, “Transmission of high-baud PDM-64QAM signals,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 13, pp. 2146–2162,2013.

C. Hager, A. Graell i Amat, A. Alvarado, and E. Agrell, “Design of APSK constellations for coherent optical channels with nonlinear phase noise,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 3362–3373, 2013.

T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.

2012 (8)

P. J. Winzer, “High-spectral-efficiency optical modulation formats,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 24, pp. 3824–3835, 2012.

I. B. Djordjevic, “Spatial-domain-based hybrid multidimensional coded-modulation schemes enabling multi-Tb/s optical transport,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 14, pp. 2315–2328, 2012.

D. Qian, M.-F. Huang, E. Ip, Y.-K. Huang, Y. Shao, J. Hu, and T. Wang, “High capacity/spectral efficiency 101.7-Tb/s WDM transmission using PDM-128QAM-OFDM over 165-km SSMF within C- and l-bands,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1540–1548, 2012.

Y. Koizumi, K. Toyoda, M. Yoshida, and M. Nakazawa, “1024 QAM (60 Gbit/s) single-carrier coherent optical transmission over 150 km,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 12508–12514, 2012.

A. Mecozzi and R.-J. Essiambre, “Nonlinear Shannon limit in pseudolinear coherent systems,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 2011–2024, 2012.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

A. Carena, V. Curri, G. Bosco, P. Poggiolini, and F. Forghieri, “Modeling of the impact of nonlinear propagation effects in uncompensated optical coherent transmission links,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1524–1539, 2012.

T. Kobayashi, A. Sano, A. Matsuura, Y. Miyamoto, and K. Ishihara, “Nonlinear tolerant spectrally-efficient transmission using PDM 64-QAM single carrier FDM with digital pilot-tone,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 24, pp. 3805–3815, 2012.

2010 (2)

J. Tong and L. Ping, “Performance analysis of superposition coded modulation,” Phys. Commun., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 147–155, 2010.

R.-J. Essiambre, G. Kramer, P. J. Winzer, G. J. Foschini, and B. Goebel, “Capacity limits of optical fiber networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 662–701, 2010.

2009 (1)

I. B. Djordjevic, M. Arabaci, and L. L. Minkov, “Next generation FEC for high-capacity communication in optical transport networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 27, no. 16, pp. 3518–3530, 2009.

2001 (1)

A. Chindapol and J. Ritcey, “Design, analysis, and performance evaluation for BICM-ID with square QAM constellations in rayleigh fading channels,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 944–957, 2001.

2000 (1)

S. T. Brink, “Designing iterative decoding schemes with the extrinsic information transfer chart,” AEÜ Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 54, pp. 389–398, 2000.

1998 (2)

G. Caire, G. Taricco, and E. Biglieri, “Bit-interleaved coded modulation,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 927–946, 1998.

S. Benedetto, D. Divsalar, G. Montorsi, and F. Pollara, “Serial concatenation of interleaved codes: Performance analysis, design, and iterative decoding,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 909–926, 1998.

1992 (1)

G. D. Forney, “Trellis shaping,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 281–300, 1992.

1974 (1)

L. Bahl, J. Cocke, F. Jelinek, and J. Raviv, “Optimal decoding of linear codes for minimizing symbol error rate (Corresp.),” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 284–287, 1974.

1948 (1)

C. E. Shannon, “A mathematical theory of communication,” Bell Syst. Tech. J., vol. 27, pp. 379–423, 1948.

Abrantes, S.

S. Abrantes, “From BCJR to turbo decoding: MAP algorithms made easier,” (2004, Apr.). Available: http://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/

Agrell, E.

C. Hager, A. Graell i Amat, A. Alvarado, and E. Agrell, “Design of APSK constellations for coherent optical channels with nonlinear phase noise,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 3362–3373, 2013.

E. Agrell and M. Karlsson, “Satellite constellations: Towards the nonlinear channel capacity,” in Proc. IEEE Photon. Conf., 2012, pp. 316–317.

Alvarado, A.

C. Hager, A. Graell i Amat, A. Alvarado, and E. Agrell, “Design of APSK constellations for coherent optical channels with nonlinear phase noise,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 3362–3373, 2013.

Anderson, J. B.

J. B. Anderson and F. Rusek, “The Shannon bit error limit for linear coded modulation,” in Proc. Int. Symp. Inform. Theory Appl., 2004, pp. 9–11.

Arabaci, M.

I. B. Djordjevic, M. Arabaci, and L. L. Minkov, “Next generation FEC for high-capacity communication in optical transport networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 27, no. 16, pp. 3518–3530, 2009.

Arlunno, V.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

Bahl, L.

L. Bahl, J. Cocke, F. Jelinek, and J. Raviv, “Optimal decoding of linear codes for minimizing symbol error rate (Corresp.),” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 284–287, 1974.

Benedetto, S.

S. Benedetto, D. Divsalar, G. Montorsi, and F. Pollara, “Serial concatenation of interleaved codes: Performance analysis, design, and iterative decoding,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 909–926, 1998.

Biglieri, E.

G. Caire, G. Taricco, and E. Biglieri, “Bit-interleaved coded modulation,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 927–946, 1998.

Boecherer, G.

G. Boecherer, “Optimal non-uniform mapping for probabilistic shaping,” in Proc. Source Channel Coding, 2013, pp. 1–6.

Borkowski, R.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

Bosco, G.

A. Carena, V. Curri, G. Bosco, P. Poggiolini, and F. Forghieri, “Modeling of the impact of nonlinear propagation effects in uncompensated optical coherent transmission links,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1524–1539, 2012.

A. Carena, G. Bosco, V. Curri, P. Poggiolini, M. T. Taiba, and F. Forghieri, “Statistical characterization of PM-QPSK signals after propagation in uncompensated fiber links,” in Proc. 36th Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2010, pp. 1–3.

Brink, S. T.

S. T. Brink, “Designing iterative decoding schemes with the extrinsic information transfer chart,” AEÜ Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 54, pp. 389–398, 2000.

Caballero, A.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

J. Estaran, D. Zibar, A. Caballero, C. Peucheret, and I. T. Monroy, “Experimental demonstration of capacity-achieving phase-shifted superposition modulation,” in Proc. Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2013, pp. 1–3.

Caire, G.

G. Caire, G. Taricco, and E. Biglieri, “Bit-interleaved coded modulation,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 927–946, 1998.

Carena, A.

A. Carena, V. Curri, G. Bosco, P. Poggiolini, and F. Forghieri, “Modeling of the impact of nonlinear propagation effects in uncompensated optical coherent transmission links,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1524–1539, 2012.

A. Carena, G. Bosco, V. Curri, P. Poggiolini, M. T. Taiba, and F. Forghieri, “Statistical characterization of PM-QPSK signals after propagation in uncompensated fiber links,” in Proc. 36th Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2010, pp. 1–3.

Chandrasekhar, S.

T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.

S. Chandrasekhar, X. Liu, P. J. Winzer, T. H. Lotz, C. J. Youn, Y. H. Kwon, and E. S. Nam, “Field demonstration of 3 × 341-Gb/s PDM-OFDM-256 iterative polar modulation signals with a record 11.0-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency,” presented at the Proc. Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., San Francisco, CA, USA, 2014, Paper PDP Th5A.8.

Chindapol, A.

A. Chindapol and J. Ritcey, “Design, analysis, and performance evaluation for BICM-ID with square QAM constellations in rayleigh fading channels,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 944–957, 2001.

Cocke, J.

L. Bahl, J. Cocke, F. Jelinek, and J. Raviv, “Optimal decoding of linear codes for minimizing symbol error rate (Corresp.),” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 284–287, 1974.

Corteselli, S.

T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.

Curri, V.

A. Carena, V. Curri, G. Bosco, P. Poggiolini, and F. Forghieri, “Modeling of the impact of nonlinear propagation effects in uncompensated optical coherent transmission links,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1524–1539, 2012.

A. Carena, G. Bosco, V. Curri, P. Poggiolini, M. T. Taiba, and F. Forghieri, “Statistical characterization of PM-QPSK signals after propagation in uncompensated fiber links,” in Proc. 36th Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2010, pp. 1–3.

Divsalar, D.

S. Benedetto, D. Divsalar, G. Montorsi, and F. Pollara, “Serial concatenation of interleaved codes: Performance analysis, design, and iterative decoding,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 909–926, 1998.

Djordjevic, I. B.

I. B. Djordjevic, “Spatial-domain-based hybrid multidimensional coded-modulation schemes enabling multi-Tb/s optical transport,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 14, pp. 2315–2328, 2012.

I. B. Djordjevic, M. Arabaci, and L. L. Minkov, “Next generation FEC for high-capacity communication in optical transport networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 27, no. 16, pp. 3518–3530, 2009.

B. Vasic, I. B. Djordjevic, and V. S. Rao, “Suppression of intrachannel nonlinearities using BCJR algorithm and iterative decoding,” presented at the Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., Anaheim, CA, USA, 2006.

Essiambre, R.-J.

A. Mecozzi and R.-J. Essiambre, “Nonlinear Shannon limit in pseudolinear coherent systems,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 2011–2024, 2012.

R.-J. Essiambre, G. Kramer, P. J. Winzer, G. J. Foschini, and B. Goebel, “Capacity limits of optical fiber networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 662–701, 2010.

Estaran, J.

J. Estaran, D. Zibar, A. Caballero, C. Peucheret, and I. T. Monroy, “Experimental demonstration of capacity-achieving phase-shifted superposition modulation,” in Proc. Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2013, pp. 1–3.

Forghieri, F.

A. Carena, V. Curri, G. Bosco, P. Poggiolini, and F. Forghieri, “Modeling of the impact of nonlinear propagation effects in uncompensated optical coherent transmission links,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1524–1539, 2012.

A. Carena, G. Bosco, V. Curri, P. Poggiolini, M. T. Taiba, and F. Forghieri, “Statistical characterization of PM-QPSK signals after propagation in uncompensated fiber links,” in Proc. 36th Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2010, pp. 1–3.

Forney, G. D.

G. D. Forney, “Trellis shaping,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 281–300, 1992.

Foschini, G. J.

R.-J. Essiambre, G. Kramer, P. J. Winzer, G. J. Foschini, and B. Goebel, “Capacity limits of optical fiber networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 662–701, 2010.

Franceschi, N.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

Goebel, B.

R.-J. Essiambre, G. Kramer, P. J. Winzer, G. J. Foschini, and B. Goebel, “Capacity limits of optical fiber networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 662–701, 2010.

Gonzales, N. G.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

Graell i Amat, A.

C. Hager, A. Graell i Amat, A. Alvarado, and E. Agrell, “Design of APSK constellations for coherent optical channels with nonlinear phase noise,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 3362–3373, 2013.

Hager, C.

C. Hager, A. Graell i Amat, A. Alvarado, and E. Agrell, “Design of APSK constellations for coherent optical channels with nonlinear phase noise,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 3362–3373, 2013.

Hao, D.

D. Hao and P. A. Hoeher, “Superposition modulation with reliability-based hybrid detection,” in Proc. Int. Symp. Turbo Codes Iterative Inform. Process., 2010, pp. 280–284.

Haunstein, H.

T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.

Hoeher, P.

P. Robertson, E. Villebrun, and P. Hoeher, “A comparison of optimal and sub-optimal MAP decoding algorithms operating in the log domain,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Commun., 1995, vol. 2, pp. 1009–1013.

Hoeher, P. A.

D. Hao and P. A. Hoeher, “Superposition modulation with reliability-based hybrid detection,” in Proc. Int. Symp. Turbo Codes Iterative Inform. Process., 2010, pp. 280–284.

T. Wo and P. A. Hoeher, “Superposition mapping with application in bit-interleaved coded modulation,” in Proc. Source Channel Coding, 2010, pp. 1–6.

Hu, J.

D. Qian, M.-F. Huang, E. Ip, Y.-K. Huang, Y. Shao, J. Hu, and T. Wang, “High capacity/spectral efficiency 101.7-Tb/s WDM transmission using PDM-128QAM-OFDM over 165-km SSMF within C- and l-bands,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1540–1548, 2012.

Huang, M.-F.

D. Qian, M.-F. Huang, E. Ip, Y.-K. Huang, Y. Shao, J. Hu, and T. Wang, “High capacity/spectral efficiency 101.7-Tb/s WDM transmission using PDM-128QAM-OFDM over 165-km SSMF within C- and l-bands,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1540–1548, 2012.

D. Qian, E. Ip, M.-F. Huang, M.-J. Li, and T. Wang, “698.5-Gb s PDM-2048QAM transmission over 3km multicore fiber,“ in Proc. Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., London, U.K., 2013, pp. 1–3.

Huang, Y.-K.

D. Qian, M.-F. Huang, E. Ip, Y.-K. Huang, Y. Shao, J. Hu, and T. Wang, “High capacity/spectral efficiency 101.7-Tb/s WDM transmission using PDM-128QAM-OFDM over 165-km SSMF within C- and l-bands,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1540–1548, 2012.

Ip, E.

D. Qian, M.-F. Huang, E. Ip, Y.-K. Huang, Y. Shao, J. Hu, and T. Wang, “High capacity/spectral efficiency 101.7-Tb/s WDM transmission using PDM-128QAM-OFDM over 165-km SSMF within C- and l-bands,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1540–1548, 2012.

D. Qian, E. Ip, M.-F. Huang, M.-J. Li, and T. Wang, “698.5-Gb s PDM-2048QAM transmission over 3km multicore fiber,“ in Proc. Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., London, U.K., 2013, pp. 1–3.

Ishihara, K.

T. Kobayashi, A. Sano, A. Matsuura, Y. Miyamoto, and K. Ishihara, “Nonlinear tolerant spectrally-efficient transmission using PDM 64-QAM single carrier FDM with digital pilot-tone,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 24, pp. 3805–3815, 2012.

Jelinek, F.

L. Bahl, J. Cocke, F. Jelinek, and J. Raviv, “Optimal decoding of linear codes for minimizing symbol error rate (Corresp.),” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 284–287, 1974.

Karlsson, M.

E. Agrell and M. Karlsson, “Satellite constellations: Towards the nonlinear channel capacity,” in Proc. IEEE Photon. Conf., 2012, pp. 316–317.

Kobayashi, T.

T. Kobayashi, A. Sano, A. Matsuura, Y. Miyamoto, and K. Ishihara, “Nonlinear tolerant spectrally-efficient transmission using PDM 64-QAM single carrier FDM with digital pilot-tone,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 24, pp. 3805–3815, 2012.

Koizumi, Y.

Y. Koizumi, K. Toyoda, M. Yoshida, and M. Nakazawa, “1024 QAM (60 Gbit/s) single-carrier coherent optical transmission over 150 km,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 12508–12514, 2012.

Kramer, G.

R.-J. Essiambre, G. Kramer, P. J. Winzer, G. J. Foschini, and B. Goebel, “Capacity limits of optical fiber networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 662–701, 2010.

Kwon, Y. H.

S. Chandrasekhar, X. Liu, P. J. Winzer, T. H. Lotz, C. J. Youn, Y. H. Kwon, and E. S. Nam, “Field demonstration of 3 × 341-Gb/s PDM-OFDM-256 iterative polar modulation signals with a record 11.0-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency,” presented at the Proc. Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., San Francisco, CA, USA, 2014, Paper PDP Th5A.8.

Larsen, K. J.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

Li, M.-J.

D. Qian, E. Ip, M.-F. Huang, M.-J. Li, and T. Wang, “698.5-Gb s PDM-2048QAM transmission over 3km multicore fiber,“ in Proc. Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., London, U.K., 2013, pp. 1–3.

Liu, X.

T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.

S. Chandrasekhar, X. Liu, P. J. Winzer, T. H. Lotz, C. J. Youn, Y. H. Kwon, and E. S. Nam, “Field demonstration of 3 × 341-Gb/s PDM-OFDM-256 iterative polar modulation signals with a record 11.0-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency,” presented at the Proc. Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., San Francisco, CA, USA, 2014, Paper PDP Th5A.8.

Lotz, T. H.

T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.

S. Chandrasekhar, X. Liu, P. J. Winzer, T. H. Lotz, C. J. Youn, Y. H. Kwon, and E. S. Nam, “Field demonstration of 3 × 341-Gb/s PDM-OFDM-256 iterative polar modulation signals with a record 11.0-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency,” presented at the Proc. Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., San Francisco, CA, USA, 2014, Paper PDP Th5A.8.

Mao, B.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

Matsuura, A.

T. Kobayashi, A. Sano, A. Matsuura, Y. Miyamoto, and K. Ishihara, “Nonlinear tolerant spectrally-efficient transmission using PDM 64-QAM single carrier FDM with digital pilot-tone,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 24, pp. 3805–3815, 2012.

Mecozzi, A.

A. Mecozzi and R.-J. Essiambre, “Nonlinear Shannon limit in pseudolinear coherent systems,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 2011–2024, 2012.

Minkov, L. L.

I. B. Djordjevic, M. Arabaci, and L. L. Minkov, “Next generation FEC for high-capacity communication in optical transport networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 27, no. 16, pp. 3518–3530, 2009.

Miyamoto, Y.

T. Kobayashi, A. Sano, A. Matsuura, Y. Miyamoto, and K. Ishihara, “Nonlinear tolerant spectrally-efficient transmission using PDM 64-QAM single carrier FDM with digital pilot-tone,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 24, pp. 3805–3815, 2012.

Monroy, I. T.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

J. Estaran, D. Zibar, A. Caballero, C. Peucheret, and I. T. Monroy, “Experimental demonstration of capacity-achieving phase-shifted superposition modulation,” in Proc. Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2013, pp. 1–3.

Montorsi, G.

S. Benedetto, D. Divsalar, G. Montorsi, and F. Pollara, “Serial concatenation of interleaved codes: Performance analysis, design, and iterative decoding,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 909–926, 1998.

Morita, I.

W.-R. Peng, T. Tsuritani, and I. Morita, “Transmission of high-baud PDM-64QAM signals,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 13, pp. 2146–2162,2013.

Nakazawa, M.

Y. Koizumi, K. Toyoda, M. Yoshida, and M. Nakazawa, “1024 QAM (60 Gbit/s) single-carrier coherent optical transmission over 150 km,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 12508–12514, 2012.

Nam, E. S.

S. Chandrasekhar, X. Liu, P. J. Winzer, T. H. Lotz, C. J. Youn, Y. H. Kwon, and E. S. Nam, “Field demonstration of 3 × 341-Gb/s PDM-OFDM-256 iterative polar modulation signals with a record 11.0-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency,” presented at the Proc. Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., San Francisco, CA, USA, 2014, Paper PDP Th5A.8.

Peckham, D. W.

T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.

Peng, W.-R.

W.-R. Peng, T. Tsuritani, and I. Morita, “Transmission of high-baud PDM-64QAM signals,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 13, pp. 2146–2162,2013.

Peucheret, C.

J. Estaran, D. Zibar, A. Caballero, C. Peucheret, and I. T. Monroy, “Experimental demonstration of capacity-achieving phase-shifted superposition modulation,” in Proc. Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2013, pp. 1–3.

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J. Tong and L. Ping, “Performance analysis of superposition coded modulation,” Phys. Commun., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 147–155, 2010.

Poggiolini, P.

A. Carena, V. Curri, G. Bosco, P. Poggiolini, and F. Forghieri, “Modeling of the impact of nonlinear propagation effects in uncompensated optical coherent transmission links,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1524–1539, 2012.

A. Carena, G. Bosco, V. Curri, P. Poggiolini, M. T. Taiba, and F. Forghieri, “Statistical characterization of PM-QPSK signals after propagation in uncompensated fiber links,” in Proc. 36th Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2010, pp. 1–3.

Pollara, F.

S. Benedetto, D. Divsalar, G. Montorsi, and F. Pollara, “Serial concatenation of interleaved codes: Performance analysis, design, and iterative decoding,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 909–926, 1998.

Qian, D.

D. Qian, M.-F. Huang, E. Ip, Y.-K. Huang, Y. Shao, J. Hu, and T. Wang, “High capacity/spectral efficiency 101.7-Tb/s WDM transmission using PDM-128QAM-OFDM over 165-km SSMF within C- and l-bands,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1540–1548, 2012.

D. Qian, E. Ip, M.-F. Huang, M.-J. Li, and T. Wang, “698.5-Gb s PDM-2048QAM transmission over 3km multicore fiber,“ in Proc. Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., London, U.K., 2013, pp. 1–3.

Randel, S.

T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.

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B. Vasic, I. B. Djordjevic, and V. S. Rao, “Suppression of intrachannel nonlinearities using BCJR algorithm and iterative decoding,” presented at the Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., Anaheim, CA, USA, 2006.

Raviv, J.

L. Bahl, J. Cocke, F. Jelinek, and J. Raviv, “Optimal decoding of linear codes for minimizing symbol error rate (Corresp.),” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 284–287, 1974.

Ritcey, J.

A. Chindapol and J. Ritcey, “Design, analysis, and performance evaluation for BICM-ID with square QAM constellations in rayleigh fading channels,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 944–957, 2001.

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T. Kobayashi, A. Sano, A. Matsuura, Y. Miyamoto, and K. Ishihara, “Nonlinear tolerant spectrally-efficient transmission using PDM 64-QAM single carrier FDM with digital pilot-tone,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 24, pp. 3805–3815, 2012.

Schmidt, M. N.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

Shannon, C. E.

C. E. Shannon, “A mathematical theory of communication,” Bell Syst. Tech. J., vol. 27, pp. 379–423, 1948.

Shao, Y.

D. Qian, M.-F. Huang, E. Ip, Y.-K. Huang, Y. Shao, J. Hu, and T. Wang, “High capacity/spectral efficiency 101.7-Tb/s WDM transmission using PDM-128QAM-OFDM over 165-km SSMF within C- and l-bands,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1540–1548, 2012.

Taiba, M. T.

A. Carena, G. Bosco, V. Curri, P. Poggiolini, M. T. Taiba, and F. Forghieri, “Statistical characterization of PM-QPSK signals after propagation in uncompensated fiber links,” in Proc. 36th Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2010, pp. 1–3.

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G. Caire, G. Taricco, and E. Biglieri, “Bit-interleaved coded modulation,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 927–946, 1998.

Tong, J.

J. Tong and L. Ping, “Performance analysis of superposition coded modulation,” Phys. Commun., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 147–155, 2010.

Toyoda, K.

Y. Koizumi, K. Toyoda, M. Yoshida, and M. Nakazawa, “1024 QAM (60 Gbit/s) single-carrier coherent optical transmission over 150 km,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 12508–12514, 2012.

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S. A. Tretter, Constellation Shaping, Nonlinear Precoding, and Trellis Coding for Voiceband Telephone Channel Modems. Boston, MA, USA: Springer, 2002.

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W.-R. Peng, T. Tsuritani, and I. Morita, “Transmission of high-baud PDM-64QAM signals,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 13, pp. 2146–2162,2013.

Vasic, B.

B. Vasic, I. B. Djordjevic, and V. S. Rao, “Suppression of intrachannel nonlinearities using BCJR algorithm and iterative decoding,” presented at the Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., Anaheim, CA, USA, 2006.

Villebrun, E.

P. Robertson, E. Villebrun, and P. Hoeher, “A comparison of optimal and sub-optimal MAP decoding algorithms operating in the log domain,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Commun., 1995, vol. 2, pp. 1009–1013.

Wang, T.

D. Qian, M.-F. Huang, E. Ip, Y.-K. Huang, Y. Shao, J. Hu, and T. Wang, “High capacity/spectral efficiency 101.7-Tb/s WDM transmission using PDM-128QAM-OFDM over 165-km SSMF within C- and l-bands,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1540–1548, 2012.

D. Qian, E. Ip, M.-F. Huang, M.-J. Li, and T. Wang, “698.5-Gb s PDM-2048QAM transmission over 3km multicore fiber,“ in Proc. Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., London, U.K., 2013, pp. 1–3.

Winther, O.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

Winzer, P. J.

T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.

P. J. Winzer, “High-spectral-efficiency optical modulation formats,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 24, pp. 3824–3835, 2012.

R.-J. Essiambre, G. Kramer, P. J. Winzer, G. J. Foschini, and B. Goebel, “Capacity limits of optical fiber networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 662–701, 2010.

S. Chandrasekhar, X. Liu, P. J. Winzer, T. H. Lotz, C. J. Youn, Y. H. Kwon, and E. S. Nam, “Field demonstration of 3 × 341-Gb/s PDM-OFDM-256 iterative polar modulation signals with a record 11.0-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency,” presented at the Proc. Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., San Francisco, CA, USA, 2014, Paper PDP Th5A.8.

Wo, T.

T. Wo and P. A. Hoeher, “Superposition mapping with application in bit-interleaved coded modulation,” in Proc. Source Channel Coding, 2010, pp. 1–6.

Ye, Y.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

Yoshida, M.

Y. Koizumi, K. Toyoda, M. Yoshida, and M. Nakazawa, “1024 QAM (60 Gbit/s) single-carrier coherent optical transmission over 150 km,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 12508–12514, 2012.

Youn, C. J.

S. Chandrasekhar, X. Liu, P. J. Winzer, T. H. Lotz, C. J. Youn, Y. H. Kwon, and E. S. Nam, “Field demonstration of 3 × 341-Gb/s PDM-OFDM-256 iterative polar modulation signals with a record 11.0-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency,” presented at the Proc. Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf., San Francisco, CA, USA, 2014, Paper PDP Th5A.8.

Zhu, B.

T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.

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D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

J. Estaran, D. Zibar, A. Caballero, C. Peucheret, and I. T. Monroy, “Experimental demonstration of capacity-achieving phase-shifted superposition modulation,” in Proc. Eur. Conf. Exhib. Opt. Commun., 2013, pp. 1–3.

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A. Chindapol and J. Ritcey, “Design, analysis, and performance evaluation for BICM-ID with square QAM constellations in rayleigh fading channels,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 944–957, 2001.

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L. Bahl, J. Cocke, F. Jelinek, and J. Raviv, “Optimal decoding of linear codes for minimizing symbol error rate (Corresp.),” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 284–287, 1974.

S. Benedetto, D. Divsalar, G. Montorsi, and F. Pollara, “Serial concatenation of interleaved codes: Performance analysis, design, and iterative decoding,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 909–926, 1998.

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A. Carena, V. Curri, G. Bosco, P. Poggiolini, and F. Forghieri, “Modeling of the impact of nonlinear propagation effects in uncompensated optical coherent transmission links,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1524–1539, 2012.

T. Kobayashi, A. Sano, A. Matsuura, Y. Miyamoto, and K. Ishihara, “Nonlinear tolerant spectrally-efficient transmission using PDM 64-QAM single carrier FDM with digital pilot-tone,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 24, pp. 3805–3815, 2012.

I. B. Djordjevic, M. Arabaci, and L. L. Minkov, “Next generation FEC for high-capacity communication in optical transport networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 27, no. 16, pp. 3518–3530, 2009.

T. H. Lotz, X. Liu, S. Chandrasekhar, P. J. Winzer, H. Haunstein, S. Randel, S. Corteselli, B. Zhu, and D. W. Peckham, “Coded PDM-OFDM transmission with shaped 256-iterative-polar-modulation achieving 11.15-b/s/Hz intrachannel spectral efficiency and 800-km reach,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 538–545, 2013.

P. J. Winzer, “High-spectral-efficiency optical modulation formats,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 24, pp. 3824–3835, 2012.

W.-R. Peng, T. Tsuritani, and I. Morita, “Transmission of high-baud PDM-64QAM signals,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 13, pp. 2146–2162,2013.

D. Qian, M.-F. Huang, E. Ip, Y.-K. Huang, Y. Shao, J. Hu, and T. Wang, “High capacity/spectral efficiency 101.7-Tb/s WDM transmission using PDM-128QAM-OFDM over 165-km SSMF within C- and l-bands,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1540–1548, 2012.

A. Mecozzi and R.-J. Essiambre, “Nonlinear Shannon limit in pseudolinear coherent systems,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 2011–2024, 2012.

R.-J. Essiambre, G. Kramer, P. J. Winzer, G. J. Foschini, and B. Goebel, “Capacity limits of optical fiber networks,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 662–701, 2010.

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Y. Koizumi, K. Toyoda, M. Yoshida, and M. Nakazawa, “1024 QAM (60 Gbit/s) single-carrier coherent optical transmission over 150 km,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 12508–12514, 2012.

D. Zibar, O. Winther, N. Franceschi, R. Borkowski, A. Caballero, V. Arlunno, M. N. Schmidt, N. G. Gonzales, B. Mao, Y. Ye, K. J. Larsen, and I. T. Monroy, “Nonlinear impairment compensation using expectation maximization for dispersion managed and unmanaged PDM 16-QAM transmission,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 26, pp. B181–B196, 2012.

Phys. Commun. (1)

J. Tong and L. Ping, “Performance analysis of superposition coded modulation,” Phys. Commun., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 147–155, 2010.

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