Minimizing the Arrayed Waveguide Grating Cost and the Optical Cable Cost in Deploying WDM Passive Optical Networks

Jingjing Zhang; Nirwan Ansari

doi:10.1364/JOCN.1.000352

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking
Vol. 1,
Issue 5,
pp. 352-365
(2009)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.1.000352

Minimizing the Arrayed Waveguide Grating Cost and the Optical Cable Cost in Deploying WDM Passive Optical Networks

Jingjing Zhang and Nirwan Ansari

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Jingjing Zhang and Nirwan Ansari, "Minimizing the Arrayed Waveguide Grating Cost and the Optical Cable Cost in Deploying WDM Passive Optical Networks," J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 1, 352-365 (2009)

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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: April 16, 2009
- Revised Manuscript: July 13, 2009
- Manuscript Accepted: July 23, 2009
- Published: September 4, 2009

Abstract

We investigate the issue of minimizing the cost of optical cables and arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) in deploying optical distribution networks using WDM passive optical networks (PONs). Generally, when deploying WDM PONs with cascaded AWGs, increasing the number of stages of cascaded AWGs decreases the optical fiber costs, but increases the AWG cost. A proper cascaded AWG structure and proper connections between AWGs and optical network units are needed to minimize the total cost of AWGs and optical cables. We decompose the network planning problem into two subproblems. One is to decide the positions of AWGs and placement of optical cables to minimize the cost of optical cables. The other one is to determine the cascaded AWG structure to minimize the total cost of AWGs and optical cables. In particular, we propose a recursive partition–combination-based algorithm to achieve the optimal trade-off between the AWG cost and the optical cable cost.

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$L = t$ , t is initialized as the tree connecting all ONUs
while $L \neq θ$ do
for and $t ∊ L$ do
A ≔ the cascaded AWGs structure with the minimum cost;
B ≔ the cascaded AWGs structure with the secondary minimum cost;
calculate the cable cost for A, and denote the total cost as $C_{1}$ ;
Partition tree t into two subtrees $t_{1}$ and $t_{2}$ , calculate the cable cost for B, and denote the total cost as $C_{2}$ ;
if $C_{2} < C_{1}$ then
accept the partition;
$L = L \cup {t_{1}, t_{2}}$
else
reject the partition;
end if
$L = L \ t$
end for
end while


t is initialized as the tree composed of $1 \times 2$ AWGs after partition
% vertical combination
while t has leaves do
a ≔ the deepest leaf of t; b ≔ the sibling of a; c ≔ the parent of a;
$C_{1}$ ≔ the cost of the tree comprised of a, b, c;
$C_{2}$ ≔ the cost of the tree if a, b, c are combined;
if $C_{2} < C_{1}$ then
accept the combination;
end if
t ≔ $t \ {a, b}$
end while
%Horizontal combination
for roots of each tree do
for AWGs of the same size do
compare the total cost of combining and not combining decide whether to combine or not
end for
end for


$L = t$ , t is initialized as the tree connecting all ONUs
while $L \neq θ$ do
for and $t ∊ L$ do
A ≔ the cascaded AWGs structure with the minimum cost;
B ≔ the cascaded AWGs structure with the secondary minimum cost;
calculate the cable cost for A, and denote the total cost as $C_{1}$ ;
Partition tree t into two subtrees $t_{1}$ and $t_{2}$ , calculate the cable cost for B, and denote the total cost as $C_{2}$ ;
if $C_{2} < C_{1}$ then
accept the partition;
$L = L \cup {t_{1}, t_{2}}$
else
reject the partition;
end if
$L = L \ t$
end for
end while


t is initialized as the tree composed of $1 \times 2$ AWGs after partition
% vertical combination
while t has leaves do
a ≔ the deepest leaf of t; b ≔ the sibling of a; c ≔ the parent of a;
$C_{1}$ ≔ the cost of the tree comprised of a, b, c;
$C_{2}$ ≔ the cost of the tree if a, b, c are combined;
if $C_{2} < C_{1}$ then
accept the combination;
end if
t ≔ $t \ {a, b}$
end while
%Horizontal combination
for roots of each tree do
for AWGs of the same size do
compare the total cost of combining and not combining decide whether to combine or not
end for
end for

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Journal of Optical Communications and Networking