Improving the performance of a DF relay-aided FSO system with an additional source–relay mmWave RF backup

Banibrata Bag; Akinchan Das; Chayanika Bose; Aniruddha Chandra

doi:10.1364/JOCN.399326

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking
Vol. 12,
Issue 12,
pp. 390-402
(2020)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.399326

Improving the performance of a DF relay-aided FSO system with an additional source–relay mmWave RF backup

Banibrata Bag, Akinchan Das, Chayanika Bose, and Aniruddha Chandra

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Banibrata Bag, Akinchan Das, Chayanika Bose, and Aniruddha Chandra, "Improving the performance of a DF relay-aided FSO system with an additional source–relay mmWave RF backup," J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 12, 390-402 (2020)

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Abstract

Atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors are major hindrances behind the proliferation of free-space-optics (FSO) technology in next-generation fronthaul networks. This paper investigates the effect of a decode-and-forward relay in overcoming these impairments and how an additional source-to-relay millimeter-wave (mmWave) radio-frequency (RF) backup link improves the performance of the relay-aided FSO system further; i.e., we study the performance of a hybrid FSO/(FSO-FSO)/(RF-FSO) system. Generalized Málaga distribution is adopted to model atmospheric turbulence in FSO links, whereas the fading statistics of the mmWave RF link is modeled by Nakagami-$m$ distribution. The performance of the hybrid system is studied on the basis of analytical expressions derived for metrics such as outage probability, bit error rate, and ergodic capacity, and the results show the supremacy of the proposed hybrid FSO system. The improvement is, however, dependent on factors such as turbulence location and signal-to-noise ratio per bit, and not all performance metrics exhibit equal improvement.

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Equations (44)

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Reference	Year	FSO Link Statistics	Pointing Error	RF Link Statistics	Relay Type	Derived Metrics
Trigui et al. [24]	2017	Málaga	Yes	$κ$ - $μ$	AF	OP, capacity
Trigui et al. [25]	2019	Málaga	Yes	Generalized- $K$	AF	OP, BER, capacity
Samimi [26]	2019	Double generalized gamma	Yes	Rice	AF	OP
Miridakis et al. [27]	2014	Gamma-gamma	Yes	Rayleigh	DF	OP, BER
Anees and Bhatnagar [28]	2015	Gamma-gamma	Yes	Nakagami- $m$	DF	OP, BER, capacity
Hu et al. [29]	2019	Málaga	Yes	Beaulieu-Xie	DF	OP, BER, capacity
Al-Ebraheemy et al. [30]	2019	Málaga	Yes	Nakagami- $m$	DF	OP, BER, capacity
Erdogan et al. [31]	2020	Exponential Weibull	No	Rayleigh	DF	BER
Roumelas et al. [32]	2020	Málaga	Yes	Weibull	DF	OP, BER

Symbol	Description	Value
$Ω_{t}$	Average power of LOS component	0.462
$2 b_{0}$	Average power of scatter component	1.305
$ρ_{t}$	Ratio of scatter to LOS power	0.988
$g_{t}$	Average power of scatter component received by off-axis eddies	0.016
${\bar{Ω}}_{t}$	Average power of LOS coupled with scatter component	1.751
$Φ$	Phase difference ( $Φ_{A} - Φ_{B}$ )	$π / 2$
$m$	Nakagami- $m$ shape parameter	1.0

Reference	Year	FSO Link Statistics	Pointing Error	RF Link Statistics	Relay Type	Derived Metrics
Trigui et al. [24]	2017	Málaga	Yes	$κ$ - $μ$	AF	OP, capacity
Trigui et al. [25]	2019	Málaga	Yes	Generalized- $K$	AF	OP, BER, capacity
Samimi [26]	2019	Double generalized gamma	Yes	Rice	AF	OP
Miridakis et al. [27]	2014	Gamma-gamma	Yes	Rayleigh	DF	OP, BER
Anees and Bhatnagar [28]	2015	Gamma-gamma	Yes	Nakagami- $m$	DF	OP, BER, capacity
Hu et al. [29]	2019	Málaga	Yes	Beaulieu-Xie	DF	OP, BER, capacity
Al-Ebraheemy et al. [30]	2019	Málaga	Yes	Nakagami- $m$	DF	OP, BER, capacity
Erdogan et al. [31]	2020	Exponential Weibull	No	Rayleigh	DF	BER
Roumelas et al. [32]	2020	Málaga	Yes	Weibull	DF	OP, BER

Symbol	Description	Value
$Ω_{t}$	Average power of LOS component	0.462
$2 b_{0}$	Average power of scatter component	1.305
$ρ_{t}$	Ratio of scatter to LOS power	0.988
$g_{t}$	Average power of scatter component received by off-axis eddies	0.016
${\bar{Ω}}_{t}$	Average power of LOS coupled with scatter component	1.751
$Φ$	Phase difference ( $Φ_{A} - Φ_{B}$ )	$π / 2$
$m$	Nakagami- $m$ shape parameter	1.0

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Tables (3)

Equations (44)

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking