Comparative study for evaluating the cost efficiency of 5G Ethernet mobile fronthaul networks

Joonyoung Kim; Sun Hyok Chang; Joon Ki Lee

doi:10.1364/JOCN.471194

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking
Vol. 14,
Issue 12,
pp. 960-969
(2022)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.471194

Comparative study for evaluating the cost efficiency of 5G Ethernet mobile fronthaul networks

Joonyoung Kim, Sun Hyok Chang, and Joon Ki Lee

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Joonyoung Kim, Sun Hyok Chang, and Joon Ki Lee, "Comparative study for evaluating the cost efficiency of 5G Ethernet mobile fronthaul networks," J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 14, 960-969 (2022)

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Abstract

With the advances in mobile network technologies, the fronthaul is being evolved to centralized and cloud networks, leading to the emergence of various optical multiplexing architectures. Among others, the Ethernet-based packet switching network is considered one of the most promising concepts due to the inherent merits of Ethernet such as backward compatibility, high reliability, and cost reduction. This work aims at evaluating the Ethernet-based mobile fronthaul network by comparing it with other configuration options. In particular, we calculate and compare the total cost of ownership (TCO) in order to emphasize the cost efficiency of the 5G Ethernet fronthaul network. For this, we analyze the packet aggregation capabilities of the Ethernet fronthaul through queueing latency modeling. Hence, we show that the statistical multiplexing enabled by packet switching reduces the cost related to optical transceiver modules and subsequently fiber optic cabling, which eventually allows for the TCO to be less than 70% of the active transparent system.

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Upper Bound of the Queue Waiting Time, $T_{q u e u e}^{ub}$ (µs)
	$C_{br} = 10 G b / s$		$C_{br} = 25 G b / s$
Length of Single-Mode Fiber (km)	$C_{agg} = 50 G b / s$	$C_{agg} = 100 G b / s$	$C_{agg} = 100 G b / s$
5	67.52	67.64	68.38
10	42.52	42.64	43.38
15	17.52	17.64	18.38
18	2.52	2.64	3.38

Component		Cost, USD	Energy Cons., W	MTTR, min	ANF	Inst. Time, min
XCVR (gray)	10 Gb/s	16	1	60	0.0011	10
	25 Gb/s	53	1.5	60	0.0011	10
XCVR (color)	10 Gb/s	150	1.8	60	0.0011	15
	25 Gb/s	221	2	60	0.0011	15
	50 Gb/s	320	3.5	60	0.0011	15
	100 Gb/s	650	3.5	60	0.0011	15
Ethernet switch	$48 \times 10 G / 8 \times 50 G$	2800	200	120	0.0027	60
	$48 \times 10 G / 8 \times 100 G$	3900	200	120	0.0027	60
	$48 \times 25 G / 8 \times 100 G$	5800	200	120	0.0027	60
Transponder	10G OEO	3500	100	180	0.0029	60
	25G OEO	6500	100	180	0.0029	60
CWDM	9-CH	669	0	60	0.01	30
DWDM	20-CH	2600	0	60	0.01	30
Optical fiber (lease, km)	Upfront	500	0	240	0.05	0
	Yearly	200
Technician (per hour)		200	Other parameter		Value
Energy (per kWh)		0.1	Average urban speed		25 km/h
Floor space rental (per $m^{2}$ ·yr)		290	Number of years		10

	$C_{br} = 10 G b / s$ (Total Capacity: 6 Tb/s)								$C_{br} = 25 G b / s$ (Total Capacity: 15 Tb/s)
TCO (CAPEX-XCVR)	$C_{agg} = 50 G b / s$			$C_{agg} = 100 G b / s$			Active		$C_{agg} = 100 G b / s$			Active
[1000 USD]	Ethernet Fronthaul ( $ρ_{br}$ )			Ethernet Fronthaul ( $ρ_{br}$ )			Trans.	Passive	Ethernet Fronthaul ( $ρ_{br}$ )			Trans.	Passive
$L_{S M F}$ (km)	0.2	0.5	0.8	0.2	0.5	0.8	WDM	WDM	0.2	0.5	0.8	WDM	WDM
5	913 (147)	943 (174)	1039 (207)	948 (153)	967 (172)	1004 (207)	1764 (358)	1247 (240)	1116 (260)	1189 (330)	1496 (417)	2130 (532)	1334 (325)
10	1076 (147)	1106 (174)	1227 (207)	1111 (153)	1130 (172)	1166 (207)	2139 (358)	1622 (240)	1278 (260)	1352 (330)	1733 (417)	2505 (532)	1709 (325)
15	1238 (147)	1268 (174)	1414 (207)	1273 (153)	1292 (172)	1329 (207)	2514 (358)	1997 (240)	1441 (260)	1514 (330)	1971 (417)	2880 (532)	2084 (325)
18	1356 (165)	1801 (229)	3109 (340)	1371 (153)	1407 (188)	1444 (223)	2739 (358)	2222 (240)	1556 (277)	1796 (375)	2598 (487)	3105 (532)	2309 (325)

Upper Bound of the Queue Waiting Time, $T_{q u e u e}^{ub}$ (µs)
	$C_{br} = 10 G b / s$		$C_{br} = 25 G b / s$
Length of Single-Mode Fiber (km)	$C_{agg} = 50 G b / s$	$C_{agg} = 100 G b / s$	$C_{agg} = 100 G b / s$
5	67.52	67.64	68.38
10	42.52	42.64	43.38
15	17.52	17.64	18.38
18	2.52	2.64	3.38

Component		Cost, USD	Energy Cons., W	MTTR, min	ANF	Inst. Time, min
XCVR (gray)	10 Gb/s	16	1	60	0.0011	10
	25 Gb/s	53	1.5	60	0.0011	10
XCVR (color)	10 Gb/s	150	1.8	60	0.0011	15
	25 Gb/s	221	2	60	0.0011	15
	50 Gb/s	320	3.5	60	0.0011	15
	100 Gb/s	650	3.5	60	0.0011	15
Ethernet switch	$48 \times 10 G / 8 \times 50 G$	2800	200	120	0.0027	60
	$48 \times 10 G / 8 \times 100 G$	3900	200	120	0.0027	60
	$48 \times 25 G / 8 \times 100 G$	5800	200	120	0.0027	60
Transponder	10G OEO	3500	100	180	0.0029	60
	25G OEO	6500	100	180	0.0029	60
CWDM	9-CH	669	0	60	0.01	30
DWDM	20-CH	2600	0	60	0.01	30
Optical fiber (lease, km)	Upfront	500	0	240	0.05	0
	Yearly	200
Technician (per hour)		200	Other parameter		Value
Energy (per kWh)		0.1	Average urban speed		25 km/h
Floor space rental (per $m^{2}$ ·yr)		290	Number of years		10

Abstract

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Figures (8)

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Equations (10)

Journal of Optical Communications and Networking