The Astigmatism of the Concave Grating as a Means of Calibrating Photographic Plates in Intensity Measurements*

Mary Ignace Bresch

doi:10.1364/JOSA.28.000493

Journal of the Optical Society of America
Vol. 28,
Issue 12,
pp. 493-499
(1938)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.28.000493

The Astigmatism of the Concave Grating as a Means of Calibrating Photographic Plates in Intensity Measurements

Mary Ignace Bresch

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Mary Ignace Bresch, "The Astigmatism of the Concave Grating as a Means of Calibrating Photographic Plates in Intensity Measurements*," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 28, 493-499 (1938)

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Abstract

The intensity of the astigmatic spectral image formed by a concave grating is a maximum at the center and drops off to zero at the ends of the line. Inasmuch as the intensity distribution can be known from the value of the astigmatism factor, G. H. Dieke has suggested using such an image as a means for calibrating a photographic plate in intensity measurements. It has been the purpose of this investigation to develop the method in detail, to apply it to the calculation of relative intensities, and to compare the results with those obtained from one or another of the standard methods now in use. Under proper conditions the astigmatism method has the great advantage of simplicity, and it was found to yield results which compare favorably with those obtained by other means.

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	5581.97	5588.74	5590.11	5594.16	5598.48	5601.28	5602.83
	18.9	80*	21.1	58.8	42.1	21.1	21.1	Plate 1
Astigmatism	21.1	80*	18.9	55.2	42.9	21.9	18.7	Plate 2
Autocalibration	20.9		19.1	55.2†	43.2	22.0	19.7	Plate 2
	20.9	80*	19.6	56.3	43.4	22.5	19.6	Plate 3
	20.2		19.6	56.3†	42.8	21.9	19.6	Plate 3
Average	20.4	80	19.7	56.4	42.9	21.9	19.7
Variable
Slit-width	21.8	72.5	22.1	56.4	44.7	24.2	22.6

	6439.09		6462.58	6471.66		6493.79	6499.65

Astigmatism	150*		129.9	39.0		82.5	30	Plate 4
Autocalibration	150*		130.8	37.5		80.5	31.9	Plate 5
			130.8†	34.3		81.7	29.4	Plate 5
Average	150		130.5	36.9		81.6	30.4
Astigmatism	150		126.6	40.3		82.0	33.3	Plate 6
W for calibration	150		126.5	40.7		81.5	31.5	Plate 7
Average	150		126.5	40.5		81.8	32.4
Variable
Slit-width	150		130.0	41.0		83.9	28.8

	6074.337			6163.594	6217.279	6266.49.5
	35.0	61.1	100*	29.9	19.3	58.9	Plate 1
	35.8	61.1†		29.6	20.1	59.3	Plate 1
Astigmatism	36.6	60.2	100*	30.7	19.4	57.3	Plate 2
Autocalibration	36.4	60.2†		31.2	20.8	57.6	Plate 2
Method	37.4	61.1	100*	29.5	18.0	56.7	Plate 3
	38.2	61.1†		29.9	18.8	57.7	Plate 3
	35.7	61.1	100*	28.2	17.9	54.1	Plate 4
	38.9	61.1†		28.1	18.6	53.2	Plate 4
Average	36.8	60.9	100	29.6	19.1	56.9
Calibrated Filter Method	38.7	61.5	100	28.9	18.1	52.1

	5581.97	5588.74	5590.11	5594.16	5598.48	5601.28	5602.83
	18.9	80*	21.1	58.8	42.1	21.1	21.1	Plate 1
Astigmatism	21.1	80*	18.9	55.2	42.9	21.9	18.7	Plate 2
Autocalibration	20.9		19.1	55.2†	43.2	22.0	19.7	Plate 2
	20.9	80*	19.6	56.3	43.4	22.5	19.6	Plate 3
	20.2		19.6	56.3†	42.8	21.9	19.6	Plate 3
Average	20.4	80	19.7	56.4	42.9	21.9	19.7
Variable
Slit-width	21.8	72.5	22.1	56.4	44.7	24.2	22.6

	6439.09		6462.58	6471.66		6493.79	6499.65

Astigmatism	150*		129.9	39.0		82.5	30	Plate 4
Autocalibration	150*		130.8	37.5		80.5	31.9	Plate 5
			130.8†	34.3		81.7	29.4	Plate 5
Average	150		130.5	36.9		81.6	30.4
Astigmatism	150		126.6	40.3		82.0	33.3	Plate 6
W for calibration	150		126.5	40.7		81.5	31.5	Plate 7
Average	150		126.5	40.5		81.8	32.4
Variable
Slit-width	150		130.0	41.0		83.9	28.8

	6074.337			6163.594	6217.279	6266.49.5
	35.0	61.1	100*	29.9	19.3	58.9	Plate 1
	35.8	61.1†		29.6	20.1	59.3	Plate 1
Astigmatism	36.6	60.2	100*	30.7	19.4	57.3	Plate 2
Autocalibration	36.4	60.2†		31.2	20.8	57.6	Plate 2
Method	37.4	61.1	100*	29.5	18.0	56.7	Plate 3
	38.2	61.1†		29.9	18.8	57.7	Plate 3
	35.7	61.1	100*	28.2	17.9	54.1	Plate 4
	38.9	61.1†		28.1	18.6	53.2	Plate 4
Average	36.8	60.9	100	29.6	19.1	56.9
Calibrated Filter Method	38.7	61.5	100	28.9	18.1	52.1

Abstract

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Figures (5)

Tables (2)

Equations (5)

Journal of the Optical Society of America