Abstract

In using radiometers it is often necessary to measure output voltages as low as a few tenths of a microvolt. Measurement of voltages of this magnitude requires special precautions and measuring technique. The apparatus and method for measuring such voltages with an uncertainty of less than $\frac{1}{4}$ percent or 0.001 microvolt are described. The method eliminates the effect of zero and “dark” voltage drift and of parasitic electromotive forces in the measuring circuit. Also the method calibrates the entire amplifier-recorder circuit as a unit and it is, therefore, not necessary either to set exactly or to record the position of any of the controls, the only requirement being the obvious one of leaving them set in position for both calibration and measurement.

© 1954 Optical Society of America

Radiometer Calibration for Extended-Source Measurements

Fred E. Nicodemus
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 43(7) 547-549 (1953)

Intensity Measurements in the Arc Spectrum of Nickel

Roland L. Heid and G. H. Dieke
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44(5) 402-410 (1954)

Emission Characteristics of Vacuum Spark Discharges. II. Aluminum Spectra in the Extreme Ultraviolet

R. W. Kebler, W. W. McCormick, and R. A. Sawyer
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44(4) 270-275 (1954)

Measurement of Spark Spectrum Intensities in the Vacuum Ultraviolet with the Fluorescence Sensitized Photomultiplier

S. E. Williams, M. R. Meharry, V. W. Maslen, and R. L. Falconer
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44(8) 654-658 (1954)

Physical Measures of Stray Light in Excised Eyes*

Robert M. Boynton, Jay M. Enoch, and William R. Bush
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 44(11) 879-886 (1954)