Configurations 4fN<sup>–1</sup>6s<sup>2</sup>6p in Neutral Gadolinium, Dysprosium, Erbium, and Ytterbium*

Nissan Spector

doi:10.1364/JOSA.61.001350

Journal of the Optical Society of America
Vol. 61,
Issue 10,
pp. 1350-1354
(1971)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.61.001350

Configurations 4f^N^–16s²6p in Neutral Gadolinium, Dysprosium, Erbium, and Ytterbium

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Nissan Spector, "Configurations 4fN^–16s²6p in Neutral Gadolinium, Dysprosium, Erbium, and Ytterbium*," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 61, 1350-1354 (1971)

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Abstract

The groups of six levels obtained by adding, in J–j coupling, a 6p electron to the lowest level of the 4f^N^–1 core have been identified in gadolinium, dysprosium, erbium, and ytterbium (N=8, 9, 12, 14). They account for strong transitions to the corresponding 4f^N^–15s6s² configurations. Values for the spin–orbit parameter of the 6p electron are (in cm⁻¹) ζ_p=1835, 1840, 2049, 2257, respectively.

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Designation	J	Position (cm⁻¹)	Observed g	g(LS)
$4 f^{7} ({{}^{8}S}_{3 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2} 6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$	3	13 433.82 cm⁻¹		2.250
	4	13 962.28		1.950
$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$	5	15 665.39		1.800
	4	16 824.60	1.903	1.750
	3	16 920.37	1.994	1.917
	2	16 923.36	2.354	2.333

		Z⁹P						Z⁷P						Z¹¹P				7		⁷P?
	J	3		4		5		4		3		2		6		5		4		4
a⁹D°	2	200	600							6	600	4	300
	3	150	400	30	600			20	200	8	800	15	1000					5	100	⋯
	4	400	800	200	600	⋯		25	800	⋯						100	1500	⋯		?25
	5			1500	2000	150	500	80	1500					400	2500	⋯		30	250	⋯
	6					3000	2000							200	800	125	1500

Designation	J	Position (cm⁻¹)
$4 f^{9} ({{}^{6}H}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2} 6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$	7	20 614.33
	8	20 789.86
$4 f^{9} ({{}^{6}H}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2} 6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$	9	23 218.59
	6	23 360.57
	8	23 534.52
	7	23 799.42

$4 f^{9} ({{}^{6}H}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2}$		$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$
J		7			8			6			7			8			9			7
5d	8	?	200	I	250	600	I				50	400	II	100	80	II	400	300	I	3	6	II
	7	200	600	I	200	300	I	15	20	III	10	15	II	10	40	III				1	5	III
	9				6		V							150	300	III	80	150	II
	6							6	30	II	5	20	II							50	125	III
	6							1	5	III	?									12	60	III
	8										4	15	III	15	30	III	⋯			25	80	III

4f⁸(⁷F)6s²		$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$		$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$

	J	$5 \frac{1}{2}$		$6 \frac{1}{2}$
⁸G	$6 \frac{1}{2}$	300	7W	1000	9W
	$7 \frac{1}{2}$			4000	8W
	$5 \frac{1}{2}$	1000	8W	600	9W
	$4 \frac{1}{2}$	100	8
⁸D	$5 \frac{1}{2}$	⋯	3	1W	9W
	$4 \frac{1}{2}$	1000	9W
⁸F	$6 \frac{1}{2}$	⋯	3	5	3S

$4 f^{9} ({{}^{6}H}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2}$		$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$
J		7			8			6			7			8			9			7
5d	8	?	200	I	250	600	I				50	400	II	100	80	II	400	300	I	3	6	II
	7	200	600	I	200	300	I	15	20	III	10	15	II	10	40	III				1	5	III
	9				6		V							150	300	III	80	150	II
	6							6	30	II	5	20	II							50	125	III
	6							1	5	III	?									12	60	III
	8										4	15	III	15	30	III	⋯			25	80	III

Designation	J	Position (cm⁻¹)
$4 f^{11} ({{}^{4}I}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2} 6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$	7	16 464.94
	8	16 727.45
$4 f^{11} ({{}^{4}I}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2} 6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$	9	19 355.14
	8	19 723.26
	6	19 817.04
	7	19 915.85

		$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$

$4 f^{11} ({{}^{4}I}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2}$		7			8			6			7			8			9
$5 d_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$	6	200	40	0				20	400	1	100	100M*	10
	7	100	1500	0	30	3000	0	2	150	5	50	50M*	20	2000	200M*	800
	8		I.R.			I.R.					50	1800	30	60	8000	8	15	10M*	80
	9				1	6W	0							30	300	30	200	40M*	500

$5 d_{2 \frac{1}{2}}$	5							3	20	0
	6		I.R.					0	1	0	0	1	0
	7		I.R.			I.R.			I.R.		0	2W	0		I.R.
	8		I.R.			I.R.					2	20	0	0	3	0		I.R.
	9					I.R.								1000	200	0	30	1000	0
	10																3000	2000	80

	Intensity

λ (Å)	arc	Electrodeless discharge	Sliding spark	σ (cm⁻¹)	Classification
12 469.268	0	1	0	8017.14	11 799₆° –19 817₆
12 452.651	0	2 WH	0	8028.22	11 887₇° –19 915₇
12 331.846	1	6 W	0	8106.87	8620₉° –16 727₈
12 318.055	0	1	0	8115.94	11 799₆° –19 915₇
12 243.230	0	3	0	8165.54	11 557₈° –19 723₈
11 961.311	2	20	0	8358.00	11 557₈° –19 917₇
11 879.441	3	20	0	8415.60	11 401₅° –19 817₆
11 402.052	100	1500	0	8767.95	7696₇° –16 464₇
11 364.151	30	1000	0	8797.19	10 557₉° –19 355₉
11 070.567	30	3000	0	9030.49	7696₇° –16 727₈
10 907.731	1000	200	0	9165.29	10 557₉° –19 723₈
10 763.215	200	40	0	9288.36	7176₆° –16 464₇
10 307.253	3000	2000	80	9699.25	9655₁₀° –19 355₉
9992.253	15	10 M*	80	10 005.02	9350₈° –19 355₉
9637.638	60	8000	8	10 373.14	9350₈° –19 723₈
9462.034	50	1800	30	10 565.65	9350₈° –19 915₇
9313.119	200	10 M*	500	10 734.60	8620₉° –19 355₉
9004.347	3	300	30	11 102.70	8620₉° –19 723₈
8312.823	2000	200 M*	800	12 026.30	7696₇° –19 723₈
8248.630	2	150	5	12 119.89	7696₇° –19 817₆
8181.847	50	50 M*	20	12 218.82	7696₇° –19 915₇
7908.914	20	400	1	12 640.48	7176₆° –19 817₆
7847.547	100	100 M*	10	12 739.33	7176₆° –19 915₇

				Yb i		Tm ii

Percentage composition	J	Calculated level (cm⁻¹)	g_c	Observed (cm⁻¹)	g₀	Observed (cm⁻¹)	g₀
$97 % \frac{7}{2} [\frac{3}{2}]$	2	23 707	1.470	23 188.5	1.47	17 624.7	1.47
$98 % \frac{7}{2} [\frac{11}{2}]$	5	26 401	1.021	25 859.7		20 228.8	1.02
$100 % \frac{7}{2} [\frac{11}{2}]$	6	27 140	1.167	27 314.9		21 133.7	1.167
$86 % \frac{7}{2} [\frac{5}{2}]$	3	28 036	1.271	27 445.6	1.22	21 713.7	1.22
$52 % \frac{7}{2} [\frac{3}{2}]$	1	28 227	1.337	28 857.0	1.27	22 141.9	1.32
$98 % \frac{7}{2} [\frac{5}{2}]$	2	28 551	1.025	28 195.9	1.01	21 978.8	1.02
$62 % \frac{7}{2} [\frac{7}{2}]$	4	29 244	1.145	28 184.5		22 457.5
$59 % \frac{7}{2} [\frac{9}{2}]$	4	30 463	1.068	29 774.9		23 524.1
$96 % \frac{7}{2} [\frac{9}{2}]$	5	31 023	1.169	30 524.7		24 273.2	1.18
$82 % \frac{7}{2} [\frac{7}{2}]$	3	31 306	1.109
$100 % \frac{5}{2} [\frac{1}{2}]$	0	32 978	0/0	30 025.6
$95 % \frac{5}{2} [\frac{9}{2}]$	4	35 087	0.841

Designation	J	Position (cm⁻¹)
$4 f^{13} ({{}^{2}F}_{3 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2} 6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$	3	32 065.30
	4	32 273.58
$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$	5	35 178.74
	2	35 196.97
	3	35 807.50
	4	36 061.03

$4 f^{9} ({{}^{6}H}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2}$		$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$
J		7			8			6			7			8			9			7
5d	8	?	200	I	250	600	I				50	400	II	100	80	II	400	300	I	3	6	II
	7	200	600	I	200	300	I	15	20	III	10	15	II	10	40	III				1	5	III
	9				6		V							150	300	III	80	150	II
	6							6	30	II	5	20	II							50	125	III
	6							1	5	III	?									12	60	III
	8										4	15	III	15	30	III	⋯			25	80	III

$4 f^{9} ({{}^{6}H}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2}$		$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$
J		7			8			6			7			8			9			7
5d	8	?	200	I	250	600	I				50	400	II	100	80	II	400	300	I	3	6	II
	7	200	600	I	200	300	I	15	20	III	10	15	II	10	40	III				1	5	III
	9				6		V							150	300	III	80	150	II
	6							6	30	II	5	20	II							50	125	III
	6							1	5	III	?									12	60	III
	8										4	15	III	15	30	III	⋯			25	80	III

$4 f^{9} ({{}^{6}H}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2}$		$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$
J		7			8			6			7			8			9			7
5d	8	?	200	I	250	600	I				50	400	II	100	80	II	400	300	I	3	6	II
	7	200	600	I	200	300	I	15	20	III	10	15	II	10	40	III				1	5	III
	9				6		V							150	300	III	80	150	II
	6							6	30	II	5	20	II							50	125	III
	6							1	5	III	?									12	60	III
	8										4	15	III	15	30	III	⋯			25	80	III

Abstract

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Figures (2)

Tables (10)

Equations (2)

Journal of the Optical Society of America

$4 f^{9} ({{}^{6}H}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2}$		$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$
J		7			8			6			7			8			9			7
5d	8	?	200	I	250	600	I				50	400	II	100	80	II	400	300	I	3	6	II
	7	200	600	I	200	300	I	15	20	III	10	15	II	10	40	III				1	5	III
	9				6		V							150	300	III	80	150	II
	6							6	30	II	5	20	II							50	125	III
	6							1	5	III	?									12	60	III
	8										4	15	III	15	30	III	⋯			25	80	III

$4 f^{9} ({{}^{6}H}_{7 \frac{1}{2}}) 6 s^{2}$		$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{0 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$			$6 p_{1 \frac{1}{2}}$
J		7			8			6			7			8			9			7
5d	8	?	200	I	250	600	I				50	400	II	100	80	II	400	300	I	3	6	II
	7	200	600	I	200	300	I	15	20	III	10	15	II	10	40	III				1	5	III
	9				6		V							150	300	III	80	150	II
	6							6	30	II	5	20	II							50	125	III
	6							1	5	III	?									12	60	III
	8										4	15	III	15	30	III	⋯			25	80	III