Temporal detection in human vision: dependence on stimulus energy

R. E. Fredericksen; R. F. Hess

doi:10.1364/JOSAA.14.002557

Journal of the Optical Society of America A
Vol. 14,
Issue 10,
pp. 2557-2569
(1997)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.14.002557

Temporal detection in human vision: dependence on stimulus energy

R. E. Fredericksen and R. F. Hess

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R. E. Fredericksen and R. F. Hess, "Temporal detection in human vision: dependence on stimulus energy," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 14, 2557-2569 (1997)

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Abstract

We have previously proposed and evaluated an economical model of human performance in tasks requiring spatiotemporal signal detection in spatiotemporal noise [Vision Research (to be published)]. The model was successful in describing human psychophysical performance and provides a means for comparing temporal filters (mechanisms) employed under different stimulus conditions. We present investigations into how estimates of temporal mechanisms depend on the contrast energy of the stimulus. Temporal-sensitivity changes result in covariation of the cutoff and peak frequencies of the low-pass and bandpass mechanisms, respectively, with stimulus energy. The results indicate that sensitivity to high temporal frequencies increases as stimulus energy increases, commensurate with extant physiological evidence in cat and primate.

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Parameters for Subject RH	$C_{n} = - 20 dB$	$C_{n} = - 25 dB$	$C_{n} = - 30 dB$	$C_{n} = - 35 dB$	$C_{n} = - 40 dB$
Degrees of Freedom (DOF)	136	150	163	146	130
$χ^{2}$	153.0	152.2	181.3	143.7	148.6
$P (χ^{2} \geq χ_{fit}^{2})$	15.1	43.6	15.5	53.8	12.6
$E_{0}$	$- 0.066$	$- 0.354$	$- 0.012$	$- 0.139$	$- 0.536$
95% CI	$- 0.116 / - 0.016$	$- 0.418 / - 0.290$	$- 0.076 / 0.052$	$- 0.210 / - 0.068$	$- 0.593 / - 0.479$
$E_{2}$	$- 0.169$	$- 0.024$	$- 0.062$	$- 0.076$	0.286
95% CI	$- 0.224 / - 0.116$	$- 0.100 / - 0.052$	$- 0.135 / 0.011$	$- 0.160 / 0.008$	$0.248 / 0.324$
$η_{0}$	148.959	97.123	115.558	87.894	68.643
	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$
$η_{2}$	454.394	133.292	251.178	147.956	117.172
	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$
$β_{0}$	2.118	2.176	1.603	1.846	2.836
95% CI	$1.805 / 2.431$	$1.777 / 2.575$	$1.332 / 1.874$	$1.503 / 2.189$	$2.117 / 3.554$
$β_{2}$	3.271	1.304	2.253	1.942	2.082
95% CI	$2.432 / 4.119$	$1.032 / 1.577$	$1.792 / 2.714$	$1.475 / 2.409$	$1.811 / 2.353$
τ	0.080	0.080	0.110	0.162	0.101
95% CI	$0.076 / 0.083$	$0.076 / 0.084$	$0.104 / 0.116$	$0.152 / 0.172$	$0.097 / 0.105$
σ	0.3218	0.4340	0.2717	0.1929	0.7690
95% CI	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$

Parameters for Subject EF	$C_{n} = - 20 dB$	$C_{n} = - 25 dB$	$C_{n} = - 30 dB$	$C_{n} = - 35 dB$	$C_{n} = - 40 dB$
DOF	153	174	151	174	170
$χ^{2}$	230.9	268.1	203.9	224.7	195.1
$P (χ^{2} \geq χ_{fit}^{2})$	0.0048	0.0006	0.267	0.574	9.1
$E_{0}$	0.191	0.051	0.002	0.047	$- 0.161$
95% CI	$0.081 / 0.301$	$- 0.042 / 0.144$	$- 0.041 / 0.045$	$- 0.045 / 0.139$	$- 0.245 / - 0.077$
$E_{2}$	$- 0.510$	$- 0.360$	$- 0.312$	$- 0.317$	0.075
95% CI	$- 0.596 / - 0.424$	$- 0.435 / - 0.285$	$- 0.363 / - 0.261$	$- 0.380 / - 0.254$	$- 0.061 / 0.091$
$η_{0}$	177.295	114.904	120.794	127.994	88.327
	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$
$η_{2}$	143.929	129.699	107.766	107.516	96.784
	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$
$β_{0}$	0.960	1.107	1.172	0.895	1.422
95% CI	$0.792 / 1.128$	$0.919 / 2.307$	$1.000 / 1.344$	$0.737 / 1.053$	$1.158 / 1.678$
$β_{2}$	2.304	1.869	1.971	2.229	1.924
95% CI	$1.608 / 3.000$	$1.431 / 2.307$	$1.643 / 2.299$	$1.796 / 2.662$	$1.638 / 2.210$
τ	0.074	0.101	0.142	0.156	0.149
95% CI	$0.068 / 0.080$	$0.095 / 0.107$	$0.136 / 0.147$	$0.150 / 0.162$	$0.143 / 0.156$
σ	0.2824	0.2230	0.2011	0.2017	0.2503
95% CI	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$

Parameter for Subject RH	$f_{s} = 1 Hz$	$f_{s} = 3.5 Hz$	$f_{s} = 7 Hz$	$f_{s} = 10.5 Hz$	$f_{s} = 14 Hz$
Derivative	0	2	2	3	3
DOF	156	164	137	140	143
$χ^{2}$	147.4	164.8	164.7	127.7	187.0
$P (χ^{2} \geq χ_{fit}^{2})$	67.7	46.7	5.3	76.3	0.787
$E$	$- 0.262$	$- 0.048$	0.206	0.304	0.231
95% CI	$- 0.339 / - 0.185$	$- 0.100 / 0.005$	$0.151 / 0.261$	$0.262 / 0.347$	$0.176 / 0.287$
η	100.257	100.392	122.372	164.638	201.646
95% CI	$88.9 / 111.6$	$90.4 / 110.4$	$109.8 / 134.9$	$148.1 / 181.2$	$181.7 / 221.6$
β	2.330	2.286	1.971	2.259	2.210
95% CI	$2.050 / 2.610$	$2.012 / 2.559$	$1.715 / 2.227$	$1.999 / 2.519$	$1.960 / 2.460$
τ	0.052	0.203	0.099	0.150	0.116
95% CI	$0.043 / 0.060$	$0.149 / 0.257$	$0.095 / 0.104$	$0.146 / 0.154$	$0.111 / 0.122$
σ	0.693	1.070	0.734	0.797	0.680
95% CI	$0.561 / 0.825$	$0.918 / 1.222$	$0.670 / 0.799$	$* * / * *$	$0.628 / 0.733$

Parameters for Subject EF	$f_{s} = 1 Hz$	$f_{s} = 3.5 Hz$	$f_{s} = 7 Hz$	$f_{s} = 10.5 Hz$	$f_{s} = 14 Hz$
Derivative	0	2	2	3	3
DOF	167	177	161	173	159
$χ^{2}$	150.84	170.9	170.5	208.8	163.7
$P (χ^{2} \geq χ_{fit}^{2})$	81.0	61.4	28.9	3.3	38.2
$E$	$- 0.378$	$- 0.082$	0.191	0.152	0.117
95% CI	$- 0.433 / - 0.323$	$- 0.134 / - 0.034$	$0.141 / 0.234$	$0.103 / 0.200$	$0.066 / 0.168$
η	69.546	74.636	102.748	127.672	165.336
95% CI	$59.9 / 79.2$	$67.8 / 81.5$	$93.1 / 112.4$	$116.0 / 139.3$	$151.6 / 179.1$
β	2.014	1.880	1.827	1.884	1.971
95% CI	$1.817 / 2.211$	$1.684 / 2.076$	$1.632 / 2.022$	$1.704 / 2.063$	$1.773 / 2.170$
τ	0.021	0.103	0.087	0.116	0.104
95% CI	$0.017 / 0.025$	$0.098 / 0.109$	$0.085 / 0.089$	$0.113 / 0.120$	$0.102 / 0.106$
σ	1.752	1.318	0.577	0.597	0.502
95% CI	$1.554 / 1.950$	$* * / * *$	$0.536 / 0.618$	$0.560 / 0.534$	$0.466 / 0.538$

Parameters for Subject RH	$C_{n} = - 20 dB$	$C_{n} = - 25 dB$	$C_{n} = - 30 dB$	$C_{n} = - 35 dB$	$C_{n} = - 40 dB$
Degrees of Freedom (DOF)	136	150	163	146	130
$χ^{2}$	153.0	152.2	181.3	143.7	148.6
$P (χ^{2} \geq χ_{fit}^{2})$	15.1	43.6	15.5	53.8	12.6
$E_{0}$	$- 0.066$	$- 0.354$	$- 0.012$	$- 0.139$	$- 0.536$
95% CI	$- 0.116 / - 0.016$	$- 0.418 / - 0.290$	$- 0.076 / 0.052$	$- 0.210 / - 0.068$	$- 0.593 / - 0.479$
$E_{2}$	$- 0.169$	$- 0.024$	$- 0.062$	$- 0.076$	0.286
95% CI	$- 0.224 / - 0.116$	$- 0.100 / - 0.052$	$- 0.135 / 0.011$	$- 0.160 / 0.008$	$0.248 / 0.324$
$η_{0}$	148.959	97.123	115.558	87.894	68.643
	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$
$η_{2}$	454.394	133.292	251.178	147.956	117.172
	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$
$β_{0}$	2.118	2.176	1.603	1.846	2.836
95% CI	$1.805 / 2.431$	$1.777 / 2.575$	$1.332 / 1.874$	$1.503 / 2.189$	$2.117 / 3.554$
$β_{2}$	3.271	1.304	2.253	1.942	2.082
95% CI	$2.432 / 4.119$	$1.032 / 1.577$	$1.792 / 2.714$	$1.475 / 2.409$	$1.811 / 2.353$
τ	0.080	0.080	0.110	0.162	0.101
95% CI	$0.076 / 0.083$	$0.076 / 0.084$	$0.104 / 0.116$	$0.152 / 0.172$	$0.097 / 0.105$
σ	0.3218	0.4340	0.2717	0.1929	0.7690
95% CI	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$	$* * / * *$

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Tables (4)

Equations (11)

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Journal of the Optical Society of America A

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