Abstract

Detailed formulas were derived by using Yeh’s formulation of the extended $2\times 2$ Jones matrix and applied to twisted nematic liquid-crystal displays at oblique angles of incidence. Numerical comparisons of this extended Jones matrix method with the exact $4\times 4$ Berreman matrix and with the extended Jones matrix of Lien are presented. The various extended Jones matrix formulations differ in their approach to boundary-condition matching between the model birefringent layers. We show that Yeh’s version is a more accurate approximation to the full $4\times 4$ matrix. This extended Jones matrix method is fast, direct, and simple. It is also physically more intuitive.

© 1999 Optical Society of America

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