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3D solid of SARS-CoV-2 viral particles applying Legendre polynomials from tomography Fourier analysis

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Abstract

We show the construction of 3D solids (volumetric 3D models) of SARS-CoV-2 viral particles from the tomographic studies (videos) of SARS-CoV-2-infected tissues. To this aim, we propose a video analysis (tomographic images) by frames (medical images of the virus), which we set as our metadata. We optimize the frames by means of Fourier analysis, which induces a periodicity with simple structure patterns to minimize noise filtering and to obtain an optimal phase of the objects in the image, focusing on the SARS-CoV-2 cells to obtain a medical image under study phase (MIS) (process repeated over all frames). We build a Python algorithm based on Legendre polynomials called “2DLegendre_Fit,” which generates (using multilinear interpolation) intermediate images between neighboring MIS phases. We used this code to generate $m$ images of size $M \times M$, resulting in a matrix with size $M \times M \times M$ (3D solid). Finally, we show the 3D solid of the SARS-CoV-2 viral particle as part of our results in several videos, subsequently rotated and filtered to identify the glicoprotein spike protein, membrane protein, envelope, and the hemagglutinin esterase. We show the algorithms in our proposal along with the main MATLAB functions such as FourierM and Results as well as the data required for the program execution in order to reproduce our results.

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Supplementary Material (4)

NameDescription
Visualization 1       This video is obtained from the results of the work of Wu et al. [16], from which we obtain the data to obtain Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 6, as well as our main results (Results section) in the 3D solids shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9.
Visualization 2       This video is obtained from the results of the work of Ullah et al. [17], from which we obtain the data to obtain Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 6, as well as our main results (Results section) in the 3D solids shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9.
Visualization 3       In this video we show the manipulation of the function to visualize the 3D object of the Wu tomographic data [16]. We show our main result the 3D solid, using filters to observe inside and recognize some proteins such as S (spikes), M, RNA, etc.
Visualization 4       In this video we show the manipulation of the function to visualize the 3D object of the Ullah tomographic data [17]. We show our main result, the 3D Solid, using filters to observe inside and recognize some proteins such as S (spikes), M, RNA, etc.

Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Equations (3)

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