Statistical modeling of atmospheric turbulence based on a low-cost experimental setup for measuring <i>C</i>
<i>n</i>2 over water

Tamara S. Carvalho; Claisso P. Azzolin; Airton F. Gurgel; Vítor G. A. Carneiro; Maria Thereza M. R. Giraldi

doi:10.1364/JOSAA.482633

Journal of the Optical Society of America A
Vol. 40,
Issue 4,
pp. C101-C107
(2023)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.482633

Statistical modeling of atmospheric turbulence based on a low-cost experimental setup for measuring $C_n^2$ over water

Tamara S. Carvalho, Claisso P. Azzolin, Airton F. Gurgel, Vítor G. A. Carneiro, and Maria Thereza M. R. Giraldi

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Tamara S. Carvalho, Claisso P. Azzolin, Airton F. Gurgel, Vítor G. A. Carneiro, and Maria Thereza M. R. Giraldi, "Statistical modeling of atmospheric turbulence based on a low-cost experimental setup for measuring C n2 over water," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 40, C101-C107 (2023)

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Table of Contents Category
- Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: December 6, 2022
- Revised Manuscript: February 17, 2023
- Manuscript Accepted: February 20, 2023
- Published: March 24, 2023
Virtual Issues
JOSA B Joint Feature Issue with Journal of the Optical Society of America A and
Journal of the Optical Society of America B: OPTICS IN SOUTH AMERICA (2023)

JOSA A Joint Feature Issue with Journal of the Optical Society of America A and
Journal of the Optical Society of America B: OPTICS IN SOUTH AMERICA (2023)

Abstract

The performance of communication systems based on free-space optical links depends on external factors such as weather conditions. Among many atmospheric factors, turbulence can be the greatest challenge to performance. The characterization of atmospheric turbulence usually involves expensive equipment known as a scintillometer. This work presents a low-cost experimental setup for measuring the refractive index structure constant over water, which results in a statistical model based on weather conditions. The turbulence variations with air and water temperature, relative humidity, pressure, dew point, and different watercourse widths are analyzed for the proposed scenario.

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Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Trial	$w / L$	$T_{air} (K)$	$D i f$ (°C)	$R H$ (%)	$P$ (hPa)	$D P$ (°C)
1	1.0	290.89–292.23	3.90–5.46	70–81	1019	13
2	0.8	291.68–295.05	1.72–4.66	65–84	1017	16
3	0.7	295.48–297.84	−0.02–2.51	73–87	1007–1009	21
4	0.6	294.25–298.95	1.39–4.71	77–99	1014–1016	19
5	0.5	292.55–296.95	3.01–6.85	65–83	1019–1021	21.00
7	0.4	293.35–296.95	1.76–4.92	76–94	1014	19
6	0.4	293.64–296.95	3.67–6.25	74–89	1011–1014	21
8	0.3	293.08–294.53	3.86–4.99	64–88	1022	15
9	0.2	293.35–296.95	1.76–4.92	76–94	1013–1015	21

Parameter	Min. Value	Mean Value	Max. Value
$T_{air}$ (K)	290.89	294.48	298.95
$D i f$ (°C)	–0.02	3.86	6.85
$R H$ (%)	65	79.91	99
$P$ (hPa)	1007	1015.25	1021
$D P$ (°C)	13	18.5	21
$w / L$	0.2	0.59	1
$\log (C_{n}^{2})$	–12.41	–11.89	–11.66

Trial	$w / L$	$T_{air} (K)$	$D i f$ (°C)	$R H$ (%)	$P$ (hPa)	$D P$ (°C)
1	1.0	290.89–292.23	3.90–5.46	70–81	1019	13
2	0.8	291.68–295.05	1.72–4.66	65–84	1017	16
3	0.7	295.48–297.84	−0.02–2.51	73–87	1007–1009	21
4	0.6	294.25–298.95	1.39–4.71	77–99	1014–1016	19
5	0.5	292.55–296.95	3.01–6.85	65–83	1019–1021	21.00
7	0.4	293.35–296.95	1.76–4.92	76–94	1014	19
6	0.4	293.64–296.95	3.67–6.25	74–89	1011–1014	21
8	0.3	293.08–294.53	3.86–4.99	64–88	1022	15
9	0.2	293.35–296.95	1.76–4.92	76–94	1013–1015	21

Parameter	Min. Value	Mean Value	Max. Value
$T_{air}$ (K)	290.89	294.48	298.95
$D i f$ (°C)	–0.02	3.86	6.85
$R H$ (%)	65	79.91	99
$P$ (hPa)	1007	1015.25	1021
$D P$ (°C)	13	18.5	21
$w / L$	0.2	0.59	1
$\log (C_{n}^{2})$	–12.41	–11.89	–11.66

Claisso P. Azzolin	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9773-4120
Airton F. Gurgel	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7313-9474
Vítor G. A. Carneiro	https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-168X

Abstract

Data availability

Cited By

Figures (5)

Tables (2)

Equations (15)

Journal of the Optical Society of America A