Abstract

We have used a factor analysis of the Stiles–Burch [ Opt. Acta 6, 1 ( 1959)] 10° field color matches to examine the basis of individual differences in the color matches made by observers with normal color vision. The differences in the matches are primarily due to interobserver variations in the macular-pigment density [with a standard deviation (σ) of 0.12 at 460 nm]; the lens-pigment density (σ = 0.18 at 400 nm); the spectral position of the long-wavelength-sensitive (σ = 50.3 cm⁻¹), medium-wavelength sensitive (σ = 31.9 cm⁻¹), and short-wavelength-sensitive (σ = 45.3 cm⁻¹) photopigments; the covarying densities of the three photopigments (σ = 0.045); and the degree of rod intrusion. Variations in the different factors appear to be uncorrelated. Comparable estimates of the sources and range of interobserver differences in color matching were obtained from a similar analysis of the Stiles–Burch 2° color matches [ Opt. Acta 2, 168 ( 1955)].

© 1988 Optical Society of America

Direct psychophysical estimates of the cone-pigment absorption spectra

Donald I. A. MacLeod and Michael A. Webster
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 5(10) 1736-1743 (1988)

From CIE 2006 physiological model to improved age-dependent and average colorimetric observers

Abhijit Sarkar, Florent Autrusseau, Françoise Viénot, Patrick Le Callet, and Laurent Blondé
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 28(10) 2033-2048 (2011)

Predicting color matches from luminance matches

Kassandra R. Lee, Alex J. Richardson, Eric Walowit, Michael A. Crognale, and Michael A. Webster
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 37(4) A35-A43 (2020)

Spectral sensitivities of the human cones

Andrew Stockman, Donald I. A. MacLeod, and Nancy E. Johnson
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 10(12) 2491-2521 (1993)

Variations in normal color vision. I. Cone-opponent axes

Michael A. Webster, Eriko Miyahara, Gokhan Malkoc, and Vincent E. Raker
J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 17(9) 1535-1544 (2000)