Abstract

Nonlinear spectral broadening to $200\mathrm{nm}$, from an initial width of $50\mathrm{nm}$, has been demonstrated in gallium lanthanum sulphide glass waveguides from $1540\mathrm{nm}$, $200\mathrm{fs}$ pulses at $30\mathrm{nJ}$/pulse. A formation mechanism is presented for these femtosecond laser written waveguides, based on optical characterization and comparisons to previous work. Two different types of waveguide are identified. One has a characteristic long narrow structure and is formed through filamentation caused by self-focusing. The other has a characteristic “teardrop” structure, which is formed by a type IIA photosensitivity mechanism and cumulative heating of glass around a central laser-exposed region.

© 2009 Optical Society of America

Study of femtosecond-laser-written waveguides in glasses

Alexander M. Streltsov and Nicholas F. Borrelli
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19(10) 2496-2504 (2002)

Mid-infrared spectral broadening in an ultrafast laser inscribed gallium lanthanum sulphide waveguide

John E. McCarthy, Henry T. Bookey, Nicholas D. Psaila, Robert R. Thomson, and Ajoy K. Kar
Opt. Express 20(2) 1545-1551 (2012)

Ion-implanted Ti-doped chalcogenide glass waveguide as a candidate for tunable lasers

Feng Qiu and Tadashi Narusawa
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 28(6) 1490-1492 (2011)

Femtosecond laser written channel waveguides in tellurite glass

P. Nandi, G. Jose, C. Jayakrishnan, S. Debbarma, K. Chalapathi, K. Alti, A. K. Dharmadhikari, J. A. Dharmadhikari, and D. Mathur
Opt. Express 14(25) 12145-12150 (2006)

Ultrafast laser inscription in chalcogenide glass: thermal versus athermal fabrication

Thomas Gretzinger, Simon Gross, Martin Ams, Alexander Arriola, and Michael J. Withford
Opt. Mater. Express 5(12) 2862-2877 (2015)