Growth and characterization of Nd:YxGd1−xVO4 series laser crystals

Yonggui Yu; Jiyang Wang; Huaijin Zhang; Haohai Yu; Zhengping Wang; Minhua Jiang; Hairui Xia; R. I. Boughton

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.25.000995

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 25,
Issue 6,
pp. 995-1001
(2008)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.25.000995

Growth and characterization of $Nd : Y_{x} {Gd}_{1 - x} {VO}_{4}$ series laser crystals

Yonggui Yu, Jiyang Wang, Huaijin Zhang, Haohai Yu, Zhengping Wang, Minhua Jiang, Hairui Xia, and R. I. Boughton

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Yonggui Yu, Jiyang Wang, Huaijin Zhang, Haohai Yu, Zhengping Wang, Minhua Jiang, Hairui Xia, and R. I. Boughton, "Growth and characterization of Nd:Y_xGd_1−xVO₄ series laser crystals," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25, 995-1001 (2008)

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Abstract

A series of $Nd : Y_{x} {Gd}_{1 - x} {VO}_{4}$ ( $x = 0.17$ , 0.37, 0.53, 0.63, 0.70, 0.81) mixed laser crystals with doping concentration of $0.5 at. %$ Nd were successfully grown by the Czochralski method. Thermal properties including the specific heat, thermal diffusion coefficient, and the thermal conductivity were systematically studied. The material constants $M_{s}$ were calculated and show that the thermal fracture limit of the mixed crystals should be comparable with that of $Nd : {YVO}_{4}$ . Diode-pumped continuous-wave (CW) laser performance at $1.34 μ m$ and $1.06 μ m$ with a- and c-cut crystals was demonstrated. The influence of different x values on laser performance and emission cross sections was also discussed. All the results show that $Nd : Y_{x} {Gd}_{1 - x} {VO}_{4}$ represents a new series of crystals suitable for application as high-power diode-pumped lasers.

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x	0 [28]	0.17	0.37	0.53	0.63	0.70	0.81	1 [28]
a (nm)	0.7213	0.7203	0.7166	0.7149	0.7142	0.7129	0.7126	0.7119
c (nm)	0.6348	0.6344	0.6319	0.6309	0.6305	0.6303	0.6298	0.6290
V $({nm}^{3})$	0.3306	0.3292	0.3245	0.3225	0.3216	0.3204	0.3198	0.3188


x	0.17	0.37	0.53	0.63	0.70	0.81
$λ_{11}$ $({mm}^{2} s^{- 1})$	2.06	1.77	1.74	1.76	1.79	1.87
$λ_{33}$ $({mm}^{2} s^{- 1})$	2.30	2.04	2.03	2.03	2.10	2.21


x	0 [26]	0.17	0.37	0.53	0.63	0.70	0.81	1 [30]
Specific heat $(cal {mol}^{- 1} K^{- 1})$	32.6	29.00	28.33	29.83	28.98	28.65	28.38	24.6


x	0.17	0.37	0.53	0.63	0.70	0.81
Experimental density $(g \cdot {cm}^{- 3})$	5.258	4.993	4.811	4.700	4.626	4.495
Theoretical density $(g \cdot {cm}^{- 3})$	5.257	5.055	4.862	4.735	4.654	4.508


x	0 [32]	0.17	0.37	0.53	0.63	0.70	0.81	1 [33]
$k_{11}$ $(W m^{- 1} K^{- 1})$	10.1	5.04	4.24	4.42	4.39	4.43	4.60	5.10
$k_{33}$ $(W m^{- 1} K^{- 1})$	11.4	5.63	4.88	5.19	5.04	5.20	5.43	5.23


x	0 [26]	0.37	0.63	0.81	1 [26]
$M_{s}$ $(\times 10^{- 6} m^{2} s^{- 1})$	8.07	3.18	3.29	3.45	3.14


x	0 [26]	0.37	0.63	0.81	1 [26]
$M_{s}$ $(\times 10^{- 6} m^{2} s^{- 1})$	8.07	3.18	3.29	3.45	3.14

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B