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Effect of solvent on the up- and downconversion emissions of Y 2 O 3 : Yb 3 + Er 3 + nanofibers synthesized by a hydrothermal method

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Abstract

We report on the structural, morphological, and luminescent properties of Y2O3:Yb3+(2%)Er3+(1%) nanofibers synthesized by a hydrothermal method as a function of the solvent composition ethanol/water. The average length and diameter of the nanofibers ranges from 1.1 to 2.3μm, and from 50 to 110nm, respectively. A cubic crystalline structure was obtained, and no effect of the solvent was observed. However, the increment of OHs, because of the increment of water, modifies the quality of the nanofibers. Such impurities improve the emission bands under 940 and 490nm excitation, especially the red band, via multiphonon relaxation. Relaxation dynamics is explained, based on direct and back energy transfer, multiphonon relaxation, and cross-relaxation. The direct energy transfer coefficients (Cb2, Cb4, and Cb5) calculated by the proposed theoretical model point out the fact that upconverted emissions are notably favored by the increment of OHs. The energy backtransfer (C5b) and cross-relaxation (C51) coefficients depend only on the ion concentration and not on the OH content.

© 2011 Optical Society of America

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