Abstract

We have determined all the three independent components of quadratic nonlinear-optical coefficients of ZnO by highly accurate Maker-fringe measurements on high-quality bulk samples combined with theoretical analyses taking account of the multiple-reflection effects. The obtained values of quadratic nonlinear-optical coefficients are $d_{31}=2.0\pm 0.1\mathrm{pm}/\mathrm{V}$, $d_{15}=2.1\pm 0.1\mathrm{pm}/\mathrm{V}$, and $d_{33}=-6.2\pm 0.3\mathrm{pm}/\mathrm{V}$ at the fundamental wavelength of 1.06 μm. This shows that the ratio $d_{33}/d_{31}$, which is estimated to be $-3.0$, is deviated from the widely used value of $-2$ predicted for idealized wurtzite crystal.

© 2012 Optical Society of America

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