Dual-polarization star-gap nano-antenna

Monir Morshed; Lei Xu; Haroldo T. Hattori

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.36.002913

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 36,
Issue 10,
pp. 2913-2919
(2019)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.36.002913

Dual-polarization star-gap nano-antenna

Monir Morshed, Lei Xu, and Haroldo T. Hattori

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Monir Morshed, Lei Xu, and Haroldo T. Hattori, "Dual-polarization star-gap nano-antenna," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 36, 2913-2919 (2019)

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Abstract

Nano-antennas are used in optical data storage, near-field imaging, photovoltaics, sensing, and spectroscopy applications. In many cases, the antennas work with linear polarization, but some applications require circularly polarized (CP) light such as field-enhanced circular dichroism spectroscopy. Circular dichroism spectroscopy is a technique used to study organic molecules and is widely used in biology and medicine. In this article, we analyze a star-gap nano-antenna array. The antenna combines concentric circular gratings and a symmetric gap to provide a maximum electric field enhancement factor of around 48 at 780 nm with the average electric field enhancement factor of about 34.75. Due to its geometry, the antenna can work for both linearly polarized and CP light, having similar electric field enhancement factors. Due to its symmetry and capacity to work with different polarizations, the antenna can find applications in sensing and spectroscopy. As an example of application, we have characterized the antenna for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and obtained a SERS factor of $ 4.18 \times {10^6} $ for the $ 880\,\,{\rm{cm}^{ - 1}} $ Raman line of ethanol.

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Symbol	Quantity	Typical Value
$µ_{s}$	Surface packing density of ethanol on gold	$9.88 \times 10^{18} m^{- 2}$
$A_{M}$	Surface area of the patterned device	$5.29 \times 10^{- 12} m^{2}$
$C_{R S}$	Concentration of the solution used for non-SERS measurement	$1.71 \times 10^{4} m o l m^{- 3}$
$N_{A}$	Avogadro’s number	$6.023 \times 10^{23} m o l^{- 1}$
$h_{e f f}$	Con-focal volume of the spectrometer	$4.04 \times 10^{- 06} m$
$A_{l a s e r}$	Spot size area of the excitation laser of Raman system	$4.00 \times 10^{- 10} m^{2}$

References	SERS EF	Polarizations	Chemicals
[25]	$2.37 \times 10^{6}$	LP	Ethanol
[30]	$5 \times 10^{2}$	LP	Methylene blue molecules
[31]	$4.8 \times 10^{4}$	LP	Ethanol
Proposed device	$4.18 \times 10^{6}$	LP, CP	Ethanol

Symbol	Quantity	Typical Value
$µ_{s}$	Surface packing density of ethanol on gold	$9.88 \times 10^{18} m^{- 2}$
$A_{M}$	Surface area of the patterned device	$5.29 \times 10^{- 12} m^{2}$
$C_{R S}$	Concentration of the solution used for non-SERS measurement	$1.71 \times 10^{4} m o l m^{- 3}$
$N_{A}$	Avogadro’s number	$6.023 \times 10^{23} m o l^{- 1}$
$h_{e f f}$	Con-focal volume of the spectrometer	$4.04 \times 10^{- 06} m$
$A_{l a s e r}$	Spot size area of the excitation laser of Raman system	$4.00 \times 10^{- 10} m^{2}$

References	SERS EF	Polarizations	Chemicals
[25]	$2.37 \times 10^{6}$	LP	Ethanol
[30]	$5 \times 10^{2}$	LP	Methylene blue molecules
[31]	$4.8 \times 10^{4}$	LP	Ethanol
Proposed device	$4.18 \times 10^{6}$	LP, CP	Ethanol

Abstract

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Figures (8)

Tables (2)

Equations (5)

Journal of the Optical Society of America B