Abstract

Light propagation in an asymmetric multilayered structure composed of a linear defective photonic crystal and nonlinear graphene layer is theoretically investigated. A ${(BA)}^4/\text{graphene}/{(AB)}^4{(AABB)}^4$ structure with a slight perturbation in the ${(AABB)}^4$ part can provide non-reciprocal transmission to achieve an optical diode. This structure was optimized in order to have a low-operation input intensity, high-contrast, small-size all-optical diode without an additional pump signal. In this work, four different passive all-optical diodes are presented. The best contrast ratio is 6.3, and the minimum operation input intensity for diode action is $2.7\times {10}^{-3}\frac{\mathrm{MW}}{{\mathrm{cm}}^2}$. This structure gives an all-optical diode with a smaller size and higher efficiency in comparison to previous works.

© 2019 Optical Society of America

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