Graphene coated micro-channel fiber sensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance

Jingao Zhang; Jinhui Yuan; Jinhui Yuan; Jinhui Yuan; Yuwei Qu; Shi Qiu; Chao Mei; Xian Zhou; Binbin Yan; Qiang Wu; Qiang Wu; Qiang Wu; Kuiru Wang; Xinzhu Sang; Chongxiu Yu

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.482275

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 40,
Issue 4,
pp. 695-704
(2023)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.482275

Graphene coated micro-channel fiber sensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance

Jingao Zhang, Jinhui Yuan, Yuwei Qu, Shi Qiu, Chao Mei, Xian Zhou, Binbin Yan, Qiang Wu, Kuiru Wang, Xinzhu Sang, and Chongxiu Yu

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Jingao Zhang, Jinhui Yuan, Yuwei Qu, Shi Qiu, Chao Mei, Xian Zhou, Binbin Yan, Qiang Wu, Kuiru Wang, Xinzhu Sang, and Chongxiu Yu, "Graphene coated micro-channel fiber sensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 40, 695-704 (2023)

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Table of Contents Category
- Fiber Optics
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: November 29, 2022
- Revised Manuscript: February 8, 2023
- Manuscript Accepted: February 8, 2023
- Published: March 8, 2023

Abstract

In this paper, a novel localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-based micro-channel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor is proposed. The LSPR-PCF sensor is designed with the three micro-channels, and the metal nanostraps and graphene are coated onto the PCF as the sensing elements. To realize high refractive index (RI) sensitivity, the influence of different plasmon materials, structure parameters, and graphene layers on the sensing performance of the LSPR-PCF sensor is investigated. The maximum wavelength sensitivity and amplitude sensitivity of the optimized LSPR-PCF sensor are up to 45800 nm/RIU and ${1818}\;{{\rm RIU}^{- 1}}$, respectively, when the RI changes from 1.35 to 1.42. Furthermore, the proposed LSPR-PCF sensor achieves the maximum figure of merit of 594.8, alone with a resolution of ${2.18} \times {{10}^{- 6}}\;{\rm RIU}$. Because of its simple structure and excellent sensing performance, the proposed LSPR-PCF sensor has potential applications in biochemistry and environmental science.

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Parameter	$ω_{P}$	$m$	$f_{0}$	$Γ_{0}$	$f_{1}$	$Γ_{1}$	$ω_{1}$
Value	9.03	5	0.76	0.053	0.024	0.241	0.415
Parameter	$f_{2}$	$Γ_{2}$	$ω_{2}$	$f_{3}$	$Γ_{3}$	$ω_{3}$	$f_{4}$
Value	0.01	0.345	0.83	0.071	0.87	2.969	0.601
Parameter	$Γ_{4}$	$ω_{4}$	$f_{5}$	$Γ_{5}$	$ω_{5}$
Value	2.494	4.304	4.394	2.214	13.32

Parameter	$ω_{P}$	$m$	$f_{0}$	$Γ_{0}$	$f_{1}$	$Γ_{1}$	$ω_{1}$
Value	9.01	5	0.845	0.048	0.065	3.886	0.816
Parameter	$f_{2}$	$Γ_{2}$	$ω_{2}$	$f_{3}$	$Γ_{3}$	$ω_{3}$	$f_{4}$
Value	0.124	0.452	4.481	0.011	0.065	8.185	0.840
Parameter	$Γ_{4}$	$ω_{4}$	$f_{5}$	$Γ_{5}$	$ω_{5}$
Value	0.916	9.083	5.646	2.419	20.29

Parameter	$ω_{P}$	$m$	$f_{0}$	$Γ_{0}$	$f_{1}$	$Γ_{1}$	$ω_{1}$
Value	14.98	4	0.523	0.047	0.227	0.333	0.162
Parameter	$f_{2}$	$Γ_{2}$	$ω_{2}$	$f_{3}$	$Γ_{3}$	$ω_{3}$	$f_{4}$
Value	0.050	0.312	1.544	0.166	1.351	1.808	0.030
Parameter	$f_{4}$	$Γ_{4}$	$ω_{4}$
Value	0.030	3.382	3.473

Analyte RI	Resonant Wavelength (nm)	Confinement Loss Value (dB/m)	WS (nm/RIU)	FWHM (nm)	FOM ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )	R ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )
1.35	583	526.44	−	45	−	−
1.36	612	651.50	2900	45	64.44	$3.4483 \times 10^{- 5}$
1.37	646	834.83	3400	46	73.913	$2.9412 \times 10^{- 5}$
1.38	690	1100.43	4400	49	89.796	$2.2727 \times 10^{- 5}$
1.39	746	1460.47	5600	53	105.66	$1.7857 \times 10^{- 5}$
1.40	824	2236.86	7800	60	130	$1.2821 \times 10^{- 5}$
1.41	954	4057.19	13000	68	191.176	$7.6923 \times 10^{- 6}$
1.42	1412	17419.88	45800	77	594.805	$2.1834 \times 10^{- 6}$

Sensing Technique	RI Range	Max WS (nm/RIU)	Max AS ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )	FOM ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )	$R$ (RIU)	Refs.
SPR	1.33–1.40	12000	1086	−	$8.33 \times 10^{- 6}$	[7]
SPR	1.33–1.43	31600	550	−	$3.16 \times 10^{- 6}$	[15]
LSPR	1.32–1.41	34000	1170	310	$2.94 \times 10^{- 6}$	[23]
SPR/graphene	1.32–1.41	4200	450	−	$2.3 \times 10^{- 5}$	[26]
LSPR/graphene	1.35–1.42	45800	1818	594.8	$2.18 \times 10^{- 6}$	This work

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B