Jack Sugar, Victor Kaufman, and William L. Rowan, "Spectra of the Si i isoelectronic sequence from Cu xvi to Mo xxix," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 7, 152-158 (1990)
Si-like spectra of Cu to Mo have been observed in tokamak-generated plasmas, and Cu to As in laser-produced plasmas. Wavelengths in the range of 86 to 300 Å were recorded photographically with a 2.2-m grazing-incidence spectrograph on the tokamak, and a 10.7-m grazing-incidence spectrograph for the laser plasmas. Wavelength accuracy is estimated to be ±0.005 Å. The transition arrays 3s23p2−3s3p3 and 3s23p2−3s23p3d were identified. Classifications were established by comparison with Hartree–Fock calculations of wavelengths and relative intensities along isoelectronic sequences. Spectra of Rb and Sr were not observed, but interpolated values of wavelengths for these ions are derived from the rest of the data. Ground configuration intervals known from magnetic dipole transitions are compared with Dirac–Fock calculations to predict unknown values and to correct misidentifications.
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Observed Spectraa of the Si i Isoelectronic Sequence for Cu xvi to As xx
Transition
Cu xvi
Zn xvii
Ga xviii
Ge xix
As xx
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
3s23p2−3s2 3p3d
154.271
5
145.800
5
–
–
130.952
3
–
–
164.228
10
155.737
10
148.092
20
141.169
20
134.866
20
165.504
2
155.901
10
(147.163)
–
139.142
20
(131.758)
–
166.025
2
156.386
20
147.624
20
139.613
30
132.227
20
166.887
3
157.195
20
(148.394)
–
(140.353)
–
(132.971)
–
168.019
1
158.315
5
–
–
141.454
100
134.055
30
168.295
10
–
–
–
–
141.639
3
–
–
168.879
20
159.463
2000
150.855
300
142.984
300
135.699
50
–
–
162.198
3
–
–
–
–
139.802
10
–
–
162.400
20
–
–
–
–
–
–
173.921
2
164.783
10
156.510
3
148.969
50
142.063
20
174.505
20
–
–
156.807
5
149.186
10
–
–
178.959
5 bl
169.683
5
(161.259)
m
(153.617)
m
146.583
50
–
–
170.484
20
(161.673)
–
153.662
200
146.351
30
184.613
20
174.836
5
166.067
10
–
–
–
–
192.461
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3s23p2−3s3p3
195.766
5
183.501
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
203.155
10
191.563
3
(181.029)
–
–
–
–
–
209.160
10
197.574
5
(186.978)
–
177.232
10
168.200
10
210.385
10
198.080
10
(186.902)
–
176.799
50
–
–
251.954
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
259.857
3
243.095
1
(227.708)
–
213.611
1
(200.714)
–
261.247
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
276.821
2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
291.705
2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
298.162
1
279.115
10
(261.879)
–
(245.832)
–
–
–
Wavelengths are in angstroms; those given in parentheses are predicted values derived from the HFR calculations and the O − C curves. Intensities are visually estimated from the plate blackening. The symbol bl indicates a blend of unresolved or close lines; m indicates that the line is masked by an impurity line.
Table 2
Observed Spectraa of the Si i Isoelectronic Sequence for Se xxi to Sr xxv
Wavelengths are in angstroms; those given in parentheses are predicted values derived from the HFR calculations and the O − C curves. Intensities are visually estimated from the plate blackening. The symbol bl indicates a blend of unresolved or close lines; m indicates that the line is masked by an impurity line.
Blended with Br xxiv line (see Ref. 2).
Table 3
Observed Spectraa of the Si i Isoelectronic Sequence for Y xxvi to Mo xxix
Transition
Y xxvi
Zr xxvii
Nb xxviii
Mo xxix
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
3s23p2−3s23p3d
93.037
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
(106.066)
m
(102.330)
m
98.823
10
95.497
2
99.369
7
94.782
3
90.472
3 bl
86.339
4
–
–
93.091
2
–
–
–
–
101.264
10
96.652
70
92.312
10
88.173
20
102.499
8
97.772
5
93.307
15
89.059
3
109.823
4
105.494
4
(101.323)
–
(97.130)
–
113.655
3
109.217
2
(104.908)
–
(100.568)
–
112.531
5
(108.092)
m
(103.863)
–
(99.856)
–
–
–
112.935
1
–
–
–
–
3s23p2−3s3p3
125.168
4
119.360
5
113.881
5
108.714
2
Wavelengths are in angstroms; those given in parentheses are predicted values derived from the HFR calculations and the O − C curves. Intensities are visually estimated from the plate blackening. The symbol bl indicates a blend of unresolved or close lines; m indicates that the line is masked by an impurity line.
Table 4
Complete M1 Line-List (in Å) for Transitions within the 3s23p2 Ground Configuration of Si-like Fe through Moa
Wavelengths >2000 Å are values in air. Newly predicted values are preceded by the symbol *. The rest are observed values from Ref. 15 or as indicated.
Value in Ref. 15 of 1872.0(3) Å is replaced by better fitting measurement of 1871.3(2) Å in Ref. 23.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 2539.7(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 1503.7(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 813.1(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 1195.3(2) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
From Ref. 16.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 639.6(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
This value was derived from analysis of E1 lines in present study.
Value in Ref. 15 of 1461.8(2) Å is replaced by more accurate measurement from Ref. 22.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 927.7(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 325.3(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
Table 5
Energy Levelsa of Copper to Krypton in the Si i Isoelectronic Sequence (in units of cm−1)
Level values in parentheses are derived from interpolated or extrapolated O − C values.
Level given in Ref. 14 from beam-foil observations.
Table 6
Energy Levelsa of Rubidium to Molybdenum in the Si i Isoelectronic Sequence (in units of cm−1)
Rb xxiv
Sr xxv
Y xxvi
Zr xxvii
Nb xxviii
Mo xxix
3s23p2 3P 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
(80 010)
(93 075)
107 670
123 900
141 880
161 720
2
(107 630)
(122 260)
138 385
156 137
175 600
196 910
1D 2
(210 880)
(239 200)
270 600
305 220
343 500
385 480
1S 0
(282 290)
(312 730)
346 580
383 540
424 010
468 220
3s3p3 3S° 1
(833 400)
(883 900)
937 310
993 940
1 053 710
1 116 750
3s23p3d3P 2
(919 130)
(967 490)
1 018 230
1 071 780
(1 128 820)
(1 191 260)
3D° 3
(1 006 090)
(1 064 460)
1 125 900
1 190 780
1 258 880
1 331 040
2
(1 028 680)
(1 092 030)
1 159 240
1 230 350
(1 306 310)
(1 386 920)
1D° 2
(994 040)
(1 052 500)
1 114 010
1 178 960
1 247 300
1 319 850
1F° 3
(1 085 870)
(1 147 940)
1 213 230
(1 282 450)
1 355 410
1 432 630
Level values given in parentheses are derived from interpolated or extrapolated O − C values.
Table 7
Percentage Composition of the Levels of the 3s23p2 Configuration
Cu
Zn
Ga
Ge
As
Se
Br
Kr
Rb
Sr
Y
Zr
Nb
Mo
3s23p2 3P0
94
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
83
82
81
80
80
1S0
94
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
83
82
81
80
80
3P1
100
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3P2
82
78
75
71
68
65
62
59
57
55
53
51
49
48
1D2
82
78
75
71
68
65
62
59
57
55
53
51
49
48
Table 8
Percentage Composition of the Eigenvectors of the 3s3p3 + 3s23p3d Mixed Configurations for the Known Levels
First Component
Second Component
Cu
Zn
Ga
Ge
As
Se
Br
Kr
Cu
Zn
Ga
Ge
As
Se
Br
Kr
93
93
93
93
93
93
93
92
3s3p3 3P°
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
8
84
83
81
79
77
74
72
68
3p°
6
7
9
10
12
13
14
16
85
84
82
80
78
76
74
72
3D°
6
7
8
10
11
13
14
15
72
70
70
67
65
63
62
54
1p°
24
25
25
28
29
30
31
37
62
60
58
55
52
46
36
22
3S°
26
27
27
29
30
29
23
21
49
52
55
57
58
59
55
48
3p°
40
36
33
29
26
22
16,3s3p3 1P°
22
51
55
58
60
62
63
64
63
3D°
40
36
33
30
28
26
24
22
85
84
83
82
81
80
78
77
3s3p3 1P°
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
13
98
97
97
96
94
93
91
87
3p°
2
3
3
4
5
6
8
11
82
80
78
76
74
72
70
66
3p°
10
11
12
14
15
16
16
16
73
70
65
59
54
46
41
30
3D°
10
11
12
14
15, ID
18
21
24
49
50
50
50
50
51
51
51
1D°
20
18
17,3D
16
19
20
20
39
39
39
38
37,3D
36
38
39
3D°
22
24
27
31
34, 1D
35
34
32
57
52
48
43
39,3P
40
40
40
3p°
30
33
35
37
39,3D
35
31
28
92
92
92
92
92
92
92
90
3D°
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
10
90
88
87
86
84
83
81
78
3D°
8
8
8
8
7
7
7
8
97
97
96
95
94
92
90
89
3D°
2
3
3
4
5
6
8
9
Tables (8)
Table 1
Observed Spectraa of the Si i Isoelectronic Sequence for Cu xvi to As xx
Transition
Cu xvi
Zn xvii
Ga xviii
Ge xix
As xx
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
3s23p2−3s2 3p3d
154.271
5
145.800
5
–
–
130.952
3
–
–
164.228
10
155.737
10
148.092
20
141.169
20
134.866
20
165.504
2
155.901
10
(147.163)
–
139.142
20
(131.758)
–
166.025
2
156.386
20
147.624
20
139.613
30
132.227
20
166.887
3
157.195
20
(148.394)
–
(140.353)
–
(132.971)
–
168.019
1
158.315
5
–
–
141.454
100
134.055
30
168.295
10
–
–
–
–
141.639
3
–
–
168.879
20
159.463
2000
150.855
300
142.984
300
135.699
50
–
–
162.198
3
–
–
–
–
139.802
10
–
–
162.400
20
–
–
–
–
–
–
173.921
2
164.783
10
156.510
3
148.969
50
142.063
20
174.505
20
–
–
156.807
5
149.186
10
–
–
178.959
5 bl
169.683
5
(161.259)
m
(153.617)
m
146.583
50
–
–
170.484
20
(161.673)
–
153.662
200
146.351
30
184.613
20
174.836
5
166.067
10
–
–
–
–
192.461
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3s23p2−3s3p3
195.766
5
183.501
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
203.155
10
191.563
3
(181.029)
–
–
–
–
–
209.160
10
197.574
5
(186.978)
–
177.232
10
168.200
10
210.385
10
198.080
10
(186.902)
–
176.799
50
–
–
251.954
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
259.857
3
243.095
1
(227.708)
–
213.611
1
(200.714)
–
261.247
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
276.821
2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
291.705
2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
298.162
1
279.115
10
(261.879)
–
(245.832)
–
–
–
Wavelengths are in angstroms; those given in parentheses are predicted values derived from the HFR calculations and the O − C curves. Intensities are visually estimated from the plate blackening. The symbol bl indicates a blend of unresolved or close lines; m indicates that the line is masked by an impurity line.
Table 2
Observed Spectraa of the Si i Isoelectronic Sequence for Se xxi to Sr xxv
Wavelengths are in angstroms; those given in parentheses are predicted values derived from the HFR calculations and the O − C curves. Intensities are visually estimated from the plate blackening. The symbol bl indicates a blend of unresolved or close lines; m indicates that the line is masked by an impurity line.
Blended with Br xxiv line (see Ref. 2).
Table 3
Observed Spectraa of the Si i Isoelectronic Sequence for Y xxvi to Mo xxix
Transition
Y xxvi
Zr xxvii
Nb xxviii
Mo xxix
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
Wavelength
Intensity
3s23p2−3s23p3d
93.037
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
(106.066)
m
(102.330)
m
98.823
10
95.497
2
99.369
7
94.782
3
90.472
3 bl
86.339
4
–
–
93.091
2
–
–
–
–
101.264
10
96.652
70
92.312
10
88.173
20
102.499
8
97.772
5
93.307
15
89.059
3
109.823
4
105.494
4
(101.323)
–
(97.130)
–
113.655
3
109.217
2
(104.908)
–
(100.568)
–
112.531
5
(108.092)
m
(103.863)
–
(99.856)
–
–
–
112.935
1
–
–
–
–
3s23p2−3s3p3
125.168
4
119.360
5
113.881
5
108.714
2
Wavelengths are in angstroms; those given in parentheses are predicted values derived from the HFR calculations and the O − C curves. Intensities are visually estimated from the plate blackening. The symbol bl indicates a blend of unresolved or close lines; m indicates that the line is masked by an impurity line.
Table 4
Complete M1 Line-List (in Å) for Transitions within the 3s23p2 Ground Configuration of Si-like Fe through Moa
Wavelengths >2000 Å are values in air. Newly predicted values are preceded by the symbol *. The rest are observed values from Ref. 15 or as indicated.
Value in Ref. 15 of 1872.0(3) Å is replaced by better fitting measurement of 1871.3(2) Å in Ref. 23.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 2539.7(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 1503.7(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 813.1(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 1195.3(2) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
From Ref. 16.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 639.6(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
This value was derived from analysis of E1 lines in present study.
Value in Ref. 15 of 1461.8(2) Å is replaced by more accurate measurement from Ref. 22.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 927.7(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
Incorrect value in Ref. 15 of 325.3(3) Å is replaced by new predicted wavelength.
Table 5
Energy Levelsa of Copper to Krypton in the Si i Isoelectronic Sequence (in units of cm−1)
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