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Complementary use of cross-polarization and standard OCT for differential diagnosis of pathological tissues

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Abstract

An experimental standard optical coherence tomography (OCT) setup that can be easily modified for cross-polarization OCT (CP OCT) operation has been developed to perform differential diagnosis of pathological tissues. The complementary use of CP OCT, a technique that provides a map of cross-polarization backscattering properties of an object being studied by means of low-coherence interferometry, and standard OCT imaging improves the specificity of diagnostics of pathological changes occurring in tissues. It is shown that healthy, neoplastic and scar tissues of the esophagus have different cross-polarization backscattering properties. A comparative analysis of CP OCT, OCT and histological images from one and the same tissue area has been made. A close correlation between the location of collagen fibers in biological tissue and signal intensity in CP OCT images is found.

©2001 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Standard OCT images printed in logarithmic scale of different diseases a) laryngitis (chronic inflammation of larynx) b) laryngeal cancer c) laryngeal papilloma. White bar corresponds to 1 mm.
Fig.2
Fig.2 The experimental setup for the cross-polarization OCT. CS – crossectional scanner, O – investigated object, PS – longitudinal piezo-scanner, L – lenses, PD – photodiode, SA – selective amplifier, LA – logarithmic amplifier, AD – amplitude detector, ADC – analog to digital converter, PC – personal computer. Bold line corresponds to single-mode fiber, thin line - to polarization maintaining fiber.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. a) Standard OCT image, b) CP OCT image c) H&E histology d), e) Van Gieson histology of healthy esophagus. White bar corresponds to 1 mm.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. a) Standard OCT image, b) CP OCT image c) H&E histology d),e) Van Gieson histology of cancerous esophagus. White bar corresponds to 1 mm where not specially marked.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. a) Standard OCT image, b) CP OCT image c) H&E histology d),e) Van Gieson histology of scar esophagus. White bar corresponds to 1 mm where not specially marked.
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