Passively mode-locked Yb:Lu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> laser

U. Griebner; V. Petrov; K. Petermann; V. Peters

doi:10.1364/OPEX.12.003125

Optics Express
Vol. 12,
Issue 14,
pp. 3125-3130
(2004)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OPEX.12.003125

Passively mode-locked Yb:Lu₂O₃ laser

U. Griebner, V. Petrov, K. Petermann, and V. Peters

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U. Griebner, V. Petrov, K. Petermann, and V. Peters, "Passively mode-locked Yb:Lu₂O₃ laser," Opt. Express 12, 3125-3130 (2004)

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Abstract

Given its specific thermal characteristics, the sesquioxide crystal Lu₂O₃ is a particularly promising laser host material. We demonstrate mode locking of a Yb:Lu₂O₃ laser by use of a semiconductor saturable-absorber mirror. The laser emits up to 470 mW in the picosecond regime, corresponding to a pump efficiency as high as 32%. With dispersion compensation, pulses as short as 220 fs at an average power of 266 mW are obtained at 1033.5 nm. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a femtosecond oscillator based on Yb:Lu₂O₃.

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References

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Year
Author
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F. Brunner, G. J. Spühler, J. Aus der Au, L. Krainer, F. Morier-Genoud, R. Paschotta, N. Lichtenstein, S. Weiss, C. Harder, A. A. Lagatsky, A. Abdolvand, N. V. Kuleshov, and U. Keller, “Diode-pumped femtosecond Yb:KGd(WO4)2 laser with 1.1-W average power,” Opt. Lett. 25, 1119 (2000).
[Crossref]
C. Hönninger, R. Paschotta, M. Graf, F. Morier-Genoud, G. Zhang, M. Moser, S. Biswal, J. Nees, A. Braun, G. A. Mourou, I. Johannsen, A. Giesen, W. Seeber, and U. Keller; “Ultrafast ytterbium-doped bulk lasers and laser amplifiers;” Appl. Phys. B 69, 3 (1999).
[Crossref]
P. Klopp, V. Petrov, U. Griebner, and G. Erbert, “Passively mode-locked Yb:KYW laser pumped by a tapered diode laser,” Opt. Express 10, 108 (2002), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-2-108
[Crossref] [PubMed]
F. Druon, S. Chénais, P. Raybaut, F. Balembois, P. Georges, R. Gaumé, P. H. Haumesser, B. Viana, D. Vivien, S. Dhellemmes, V. Ortiz, and C. Larat, “Apatite-structure crystal, Yb3+:SrY4(SiO4)3O, for the development of diode-pumped femtosecond lasers,” Opt. Lett. 27, 1914 (2002).
[Crossref]
M. J. Lederer, M. Hildebrandt, V. Z. Kolev, B. Luther-Davies, B. Taylor, J. Dawes, P. Dekker, J. Piper, H. H. Tan, and C. Jagadish, “Passive mode locking of a self-frequency-doubling Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 laser,” Opt. Lett. 27, 436 (2002).
[Crossref]
E. Innerhofer, T. Südmeyer, F. Brunner, R. Häring, A. Aschwanden, R. Paschotta, C. Hönninger, M. Kumkar, and U. Keller, “60-W average power in 810-fs pulses from a thin-disk Yb:YAG laser,” Opt. Lett. 28, 367 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
K. Petermann, G. Huber, L. Fornasiero, S. Kuch, E. Mix, V. Peters, and S. A. Basun, “Rare-earth-doped sesquioxides,” J. Lum. 87–89, 973 (2000).
[Crossref]
K. Petermann, L. Fornasiero, E. Mix, and V. Peters, “High melting sesquioxides: crystal growth, spectroscopy, and laser experiments,” Opt. Mat. 19, 67 (2002).
[Crossref]
J. Kong, J. Lu, K. Takaichi, T. Uematsu, K. Ueda, D. Y. Tang, D. Y. Shen, H. Yagi, T. Yanagitani, and A. A. Kaminskii, “Diode-pumped Yb:Y2O3 ceramic laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2556 (2003).
[Crossref]
P. Klopp, U. Griebner, V. Petrov, K. Petermann, and V. Peters, in Advanced Solid-State Photonics, OSA Technical Digest, (Optical Society of America, Washington DC, 2003), p. 154–157, P. Klopp, V. Petrov, U. Griebner, K. Petermann, V. Peters, and G. Erbert, “Highly-efficient mode-locked Yb:Sc2O3 laser,” Opt. Lett.29, 391 (2004).
A. Shirakawa, H. Yagi, J-F. Bisson, J. Lu, M. Musha, K. Ueda, T. Yanagitani, T. S. Petrov, and A. A. Kaminski, “Diode-pumped mode-locked Yb3+:Y2O3 ceramic laser”, Opt. Express 11, 2911 (2003), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-22-2911.
[Crossref] [PubMed]
N. W. Ashcroft, I. Mermin, and N. David, in Solid State Physics, Hartcourt Brace College Publishers (1976).
P. H. Klein and W. J. Croft, “Thermal conductivity, Diffusivity, and Expansion of Y2O3, Y3Al5O12, and LaF3 in the Range 77°–300°K,” J. Appl. Phys. 38, 1603 (1967).
[Crossref]
K. Contag, S. Erhard, and A. Giesen, “Calculation of optimum design parameters for Yb:YAG thin disk lasers,” OSA Trends Opt. Photonics 34, 124 (2001).
R. Gaumé, B. Viana, D. Vivien, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “A simple model for the prediction of thermal conductivity in pure and doped insulating crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1355 (2003).
[Crossref]
G. Boulon, A. Brenier, L. Laversenne, Y. Guyot, C. Goutaudier, M.-T. Cohen-Adad, G. Metrat, and N. Muhlstein, “Search for optimized trivalent ytterbium doped-inorganic crystals for laser applications,” J. Alloys and Compounds 341, 2 (2002).
[Crossref]
C. Hönninger, R. Paschotta, F. Morier-Genoud, M. Moser, and U. Keller, “Q-switching stability limits of continuous-wave passive mode locking,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 46 (1999).
[Crossref]

2003 (4)

E. Innerhofer, T. Südmeyer, F. Brunner, R. Häring, A. Aschwanden, R. Paschotta, C. Hönninger, M. Kumkar, and U. Keller, “60-W average power in 810-fs pulses from a thin-disk Yb:YAG laser,” Opt. Lett. 28, 367 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Kong, J. Lu, K. Takaichi, T. Uematsu, K. Ueda, D. Y. Tang, D. Y. Shen, H. Yagi, T. Yanagitani, and A. A. Kaminskii, “Diode-pumped Yb:Y2O3 ceramic laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2556 (2003).
[Crossref]

A. Shirakawa, H. Yagi, J-F. Bisson, J. Lu, M. Musha, K. Ueda, T. Yanagitani, T. S. Petrov, and A. A. Kaminski, “Diode-pumped mode-locked Yb3+:Y2O3 ceramic laser”, Opt. Express 11, 2911 (2003), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-11-22-2911.
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Gaumé, B. Viana, D. Vivien, J.-P. Roger, and D. Fournier, “A simple model for the prediction of thermal conductivity in pure and doped insulating crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1355 (2003).
[Crossref]

2002 (5)

G. Boulon, A. Brenier, L. Laversenne, Y. Guyot, C. Goutaudier, M.-T. Cohen-Adad, G. Metrat, and N. Muhlstein, “Search for optimized trivalent ytterbium doped-inorganic crystals for laser applications,” J. Alloys and Compounds 341, 2 (2002).
[Crossref]

K. Petermann, L. Fornasiero, E. Mix, and V. Peters, “High melting sesquioxides: crystal growth, spectroscopy, and laser experiments,” Opt. Mat. 19, 67 (2002).
[Crossref]

P. Klopp, V. Petrov, U. Griebner, and G. Erbert, “Passively mode-locked Yb:KYW laser pumped by a tapered diode laser,” Opt. Express 10, 108 (2002), http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-10-2-108
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Druon, S. Chénais, P. Raybaut, F. Balembois, P. Georges, R. Gaumé, P. H. Haumesser, B. Viana, D. Vivien, S. Dhellemmes, V. Ortiz, and C. Larat, “Apatite-structure crystal, Yb3+:SrY4(SiO4)3O, for the development of diode-pumped femtosecond lasers,” Opt. Lett. 27, 1914 (2002).
[Crossref]

M. J. Lederer, M. Hildebrandt, V. Z. Kolev, B. Luther-Davies, B. Taylor, J. Dawes, P. Dekker, J. Piper, H. H. Tan, and C. Jagadish, “Passive mode locking of a self-frequency-doubling Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 laser,” Opt. Lett. 27, 436 (2002).
[Crossref]

2001 (1)

K. Contag, S. Erhard, and A. Giesen, “Calculation of optimum design parameters for Yb:YAG thin disk lasers,” OSA Trends Opt. Photonics 34, 124 (2001).

2000 (2)

F. Brunner, G. J. Spühler, J. Aus der Au, L. Krainer, F. Morier-Genoud, R. Paschotta, N. Lichtenstein, S. Weiss, C. Harder, A. A. Lagatsky, A. Abdolvand, N. V. Kuleshov, and U. Keller, “Diode-pumped femtosecond Yb:KGd(WO4)2 laser with 1.1-W average power,” Opt. Lett. 25, 1119 (2000).
[Crossref]

K. Petermann, G. Huber, L. Fornasiero, S. Kuch, E. Mix, V. Peters, and S. A. Basun, “Rare-earth-doped sesquioxides,” J. Lum. 87–89, 973 (2000).
[Crossref]

1999 (2)

C. Hönninger, R. Paschotta, M. Graf, F. Morier-Genoud, G. Zhang, M. Moser, S. Biswal, J. Nees, A. Braun, G. A. Mourou, I. Johannsen, A. Giesen, W. Seeber, and U. Keller; “Ultrafast ytterbium-doped bulk lasers and laser amplifiers;” Appl. Phys. B 69, 3 (1999).
[Crossref]

C. Hönninger, R. Paschotta, F. Morier-Genoud, M. Moser, and U. Keller, “Q-switching stability limits of continuous-wave passive mode locking,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 46 (1999).
[Crossref]

1967 (1)

P. H. Klein and W. J. Croft, “Thermal conductivity, Diffusivity, and Expansion of Y2O3, Y3Al5O12, and LaF3 in the Range 77°–300°K,” J. Appl. Phys. 38, 1603 (1967).
[Crossref]

Abdolvand, A.

Aschwanden, A.

Ashcroft, N. W.

N. W. Ashcroft, I. Mermin, and N. David, in Solid State Physics, Hartcourt Brace College Publishers (1976).

Aus der Au, J.

Balembois, F.

Basun, S. A.

K. Petermann, G. Huber, L. Fornasiero, S. Kuch, E. Mix, V. Peters, and S. A. Basun, “Rare-earth-doped sesquioxides,” J. Lum. 87–89, 973 (2000).
[Crossref]

Bisson, J-F.

Biswal, S.

Boulon, G.

Braun, A.

Brenier, A.

Brunner, F.

Chénais, S.

Cohen-Adad, M.-T.

Contag, K.

K. Contag, S. Erhard, and A. Giesen, “Calculation of optimum design parameters for Yb:YAG thin disk lasers,” OSA Trends Opt. Photonics 34, 124 (2001).

Croft, W. J.

P. H. Klein and W. J. Croft, “Thermal conductivity, Diffusivity, and Expansion of Y2O3, Y3Al5O12, and LaF3 in the Range 77°–300°K,” J. Appl. Phys. 38, 1603 (1967).
[Crossref]

David, N.

N. W. Ashcroft, I. Mermin, and N. David, in Solid State Physics, Hartcourt Brace College Publishers (1976).

Dawes, J.

Dekker, P.

Dhellemmes, S.

Druon, F.

Erbert, G.

P. Klopp, U. Griebner, V. Petrov, K. Petermann, and V. Peters, in Advanced Solid-State Photonics, OSA Technical Digest, (Optical Society of America, Washington DC, 2003), p. 154–157, P. Klopp, V. Petrov, U. Griebner, K. Petermann, V. Peters, and G. Erbert, “Highly-efficient mode-locked Yb:Sc2O3 laser,” Opt. Lett.29, 391 (2004).

Erhard, S.

K. Contag, S. Erhard, and A. Giesen, “Calculation of optimum design parameters for Yb:YAG thin disk lasers,” OSA Trends Opt. Photonics 34, 124 (2001).

Fornasiero, L.

K. Petermann, L. Fornasiero, E. Mix, and V. Peters, “High melting sesquioxides: crystal growth, spectroscopy, and laser experiments,” Opt. Mat. 19, 67 (2002).
[Crossref]

K. Petermann, G. Huber, L. Fornasiero, S. Kuch, E. Mix, V. Peters, and S. A. Basun, “Rare-earth-doped sesquioxides,” J. Lum. 87–89, 973 (2000).
[Crossref]

Fournier, D.

Gaumé, R.

Georges, P.

Giesen, A.

K. Contag, S. Erhard, and A. Giesen, “Calculation of optimum design parameters for Yb:YAG thin disk lasers,” OSA Trends Opt. Photonics 34, 124 (2001).

Goutaudier, C.

Graf, M.

Griebner, U.

Guyot, Y.

Harder, C.

Häring, R.

Haumesser, P. H.

Hildebrandt, M.

Hönninger, C.

C. Hönninger, R. Paschotta, F. Morier-Genoud, M. Moser, and U. Keller, “Q-switching stability limits of continuous-wave passive mode locking,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 46 (1999).
[Crossref]

Huber, G.

K. Petermann, G. Huber, L. Fornasiero, S. Kuch, E. Mix, V. Peters, and S. A. Basun, “Rare-earth-doped sesquioxides,” J. Lum. 87–89, 973 (2000).
[Crossref]

Innerhofer, E.

Jagadish, C.

Johannsen, I.

Kaminski, A. A.

Kaminskii, A. A.

Keller, U.

C. Hönninger, R. Paschotta, F. Morier-Genoud, M. Moser, and U. Keller, “Q-switching stability limits of continuous-wave passive mode locking,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 46 (1999).
[Crossref]

Klein, P. H.

P. H. Klein and W. J. Croft, “Thermal conductivity, Diffusivity, and Expansion of Y2O3, Y3Al5O12, and LaF3 in the Range 77°–300°K,” J. Appl. Phys. 38, 1603 (1967).
[Crossref]

Klopp, P.

Kolev, V. Z.

Kong, J.

Krainer, L.

Kuch, S.

K. Petermann, G. Huber, L. Fornasiero, S. Kuch, E. Mix, V. Peters, and S. A. Basun, “Rare-earth-doped sesquioxides,” J. Lum. 87–89, 973 (2000).
[Crossref]

Kuleshov, N. V.

Kumkar, M.

Lagatsky, A. A.

Larat, C.

Laversenne, L.

Lederer, M. J.

Lichtenstein, N.

Lu, J.

Luther-Davies, B.

Mermin, I.

N. W. Ashcroft, I. Mermin, and N. David, in Solid State Physics, Hartcourt Brace College Publishers (1976).

Metrat, G.

Mix, E.

K. Petermann, L. Fornasiero, E. Mix, and V. Peters, “High melting sesquioxides: crystal growth, spectroscopy, and laser experiments,” Opt. Mat. 19, 67 (2002).
[Crossref]

K. Petermann, G. Huber, L. Fornasiero, S. Kuch, E. Mix, V. Peters, and S. A. Basun, “Rare-earth-doped sesquioxides,” J. Lum. 87–89, 973 (2000).
[Crossref]

Morier-Genoud, F.

C. Hönninger, R. Paschotta, F. Morier-Genoud, M. Moser, and U. Keller, “Q-switching stability limits of continuous-wave passive mode locking,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 46 (1999).
[Crossref]

Moser, M.

C. Hönninger, R. Paschotta, F. Morier-Genoud, M. Moser, and U. Keller, “Q-switching stability limits of continuous-wave passive mode locking,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 46 (1999).
[Crossref]

Mourou, G. A.

Muhlstein, N.

Musha, M.

Nees, J.

Ortiz, V.

Paschotta, R.

C. Hönninger, R. Paschotta, F. Morier-Genoud, M. Moser, and U. Keller, “Q-switching stability limits of continuous-wave passive mode locking,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 46 (1999).
[Crossref]

Petermann, K.

K. Petermann, L. Fornasiero, E. Mix, and V. Peters, “High melting sesquioxides: crystal growth, spectroscopy, and laser experiments,” Opt. Mat. 19, 67 (2002).
[Crossref]

K. Petermann, G. Huber, L. Fornasiero, S. Kuch, E. Mix, V. Peters, and S. A. Basun, “Rare-earth-doped sesquioxides,” J. Lum. 87–89, 973 (2000).
[Crossref]

Peters, V.

K. Petermann, L. Fornasiero, E. Mix, and V. Peters, “High melting sesquioxides: crystal growth, spectroscopy, and laser experiments,” Opt. Mat. 19, 67 (2002).
[Crossref]

K. Petermann, G. Huber, L. Fornasiero, S. Kuch, E. Mix, V. Peters, and S. A. Basun, “Rare-earth-doped sesquioxides,” J. Lum. 87–89, 973 (2000).
[Crossref]

Petrov, T. S.

Petrov, V.

Piper, J.

Raybaut, P.

Roger, J.-P.

Seeber, W.

Shen, D. Y.

Shirakawa, A.

Spühler, G. J.

Südmeyer, T.

Takaichi, K.

Tan, H. H.

Tang, D. Y.

Taylor, B.

Ueda, K.

Uematsu, T.

Viana, B.

Vivien, D.

Weiss, S.

Yagi, H.

Yanagitani, T.

Zhang, G.

Appl. Phys. B (1)

Appl. Phys. Lett. (2)

J. Alloys and Compounds (1)

J. Appl. Phys. (1)

P. H. Klein and W. J. Croft, “Thermal conductivity, Diffusivity, and Expansion of Y2O3, Y3Al5O12, and LaF3 in the Range 77°–300°K,” J. Appl. Phys. 38, 1603 (1967).
[Crossref]

J. Lum. (1)

K. Petermann, G. Huber, L. Fornasiero, S. Kuch, E. Mix, V. Peters, and S. A. Basun, “Rare-earth-doped sesquioxides,” J. Lum. 87–89, 973 (2000).
[Crossref]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (1)

C. Hönninger, R. Paschotta, F. Morier-Genoud, M. Moser, and U. Keller, “Q-switching stability limits of continuous-wave passive mode locking,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 46 (1999).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (2)

Opt. Lett. (4)

Opt. Mat. (1)

K. Petermann, L. Fornasiero, E. Mix, and V. Peters, “High melting sesquioxides: crystal growth, spectroscopy, and laser experiments,” Opt. Mat. 19, 67 (2002).
[Crossref]

OSA Trends Opt. Photonics (1)

K. Contag, S. Erhard, and A. Giesen, “Calculation of optimum design parameters for Yb:YAG thin disk lasers,” OSA Trends Opt. Photonics 34, 124 (2001).

Other (2)

N. W. Ashcroft, I. Mermin, and N. David, in Solid State Physics, Hartcourt Brace College Publishers (1976).

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Fig. 1. Absorption σ_abs and emission cross section σ_em of Yb:Lu₂O₃ and energy-level diagram with the relevant transitions (inset). The points indicate the pump- and laser transitions.

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Fig. 2. Setup of the mode-locked Yb: Lu₂O₃ laser: SAM - saturable absorber mirror; M₁ - focusing mirror (ROC=10 to 15 cm); M₂, M₃ - folding mirrors (ROC=10 cm), P₁, P₂ - SF6 prisms; M₄, M₅ - output couplers (T=1 to 5%).

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Fig. 3. Autocorrelation trace and spectrum (inset) in the picosecond (a) and in the femtosecond regime (b).

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Fig. 4. Output power versus absorbed pump power of the femtosecond Yb:Lu₂O₃ laser and below the mode-locking threshold (cw – continuous wave).

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Tables (1)

Table 1. Thermal conductivity in W/m/K of different sesquioxide crystals in comparison to YAG with and without Yb-doping. Values in [] are estimated.

View Table

Temperature	30°C	50°C	60°C	70°C	80°C	90°C	100°C
Sc₂O₃	[16.5]	15.5	14.9	14.4	13.9	13.6	13.3
Yb(2.8%):Sc₂O₃	6.6	6.4	-	6.5	-	-	6.3
Y₂O₃	[13.6]	12.8	12.4	12.0	11.6	11.2	10.8
Yb(2.7%):Y₂O₃	7.7	7.4	-	7.2	-	-	6.8
Lu₂O₃	[12.5]	12.2	11.9	11.6	11.2	10.8	10.3
Yb(2.7%):Lu₂O₃	11.0	10.8	10.7	10.6	10.3	10.1	9.8
YAG	11	-	-	9.2	-	-	8.4
Yb(5%):YAG	6.8	-	-	6.3	-	-	6.0