Single-transverse-mode Ti:sapphire rib waveguide laser

C. Grivas; D. P. Shepherd; T. C. May-Smith; R. W. Eason; M. Pollnau

doi:10.1364/OPEX.13.000210

Optics Express
Vol. 13,
Issue 1,
pp. 210-215
(2005)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OPEX.13.000210

Single-transverse-mode Ti:sapphire rib waveguide laser

C. Grivas, D. P. Shepherd, T. C. May-Smith, R. W. Eason, and M. Pollnau

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C. Grivas, D. P. Shepherd, T. C. May-Smith, R. W. Eason, and M. Pollnau, "Single-transverse-mode Ti:sapphire rib waveguide laser," Opt. Express 13, 210-215 (2005)

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Related Topics
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- Research Papers
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Guided waves (130.2790)
- Lasers, single-mode (140.3570)
- Waveguides, channeled (230.7380)
- Deposition and fabrication (310.1860)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: December 1, 2004
- Revised Manuscript: December 28, 2004
- Manuscript Accepted: December 29, 2004
- Published: January 10, 2005

Abstract

Laser operation of Ti:sapphire rib waveguides fabricated using photolithography and ion beam etching in pulsed laser deposited layers is reported. Polarized laser emission was observed at 792.5 nm with an absorbed pump power threshold of 265 mW, which is more than a factor of 2 lower in comparison to their planar counterparts. Measured beam propagation factors $M_{x}^{2}$ and $M_{y}^{2}$ of 1.3 and 1.2, respectively, indicated single-transverse-mode emission. A quasi-cw output power of 27 mW for an absorbed pump power of 1W and a slope efficiency of 5.3% were obtained using an output coupler of 4.6% transmission with a pump duty cycle of 8%.

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References

View by:
Article Order
Year
Author
Publication

P. F. Moulton, “Spectroscopic and laser characteristics of Ti:Al2O3,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 3, 125–133 (1986).
[Crossref]
A. Kowalevicz, T. Ko, I. Hartl, J. G. Fujimoto, M. Pollnau, and R. P. Salathé, “Ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography using a superluminescent light source,” Opt. Express 10, 349–353 (2002).
[PubMed]
J. M. Schmitt, “Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): A Review,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 5, 1205–1215 (1999).
[Crossref]
W. Drexler, U. Morgner, F. X. Kärtner, C. Pitris, S. A. Boppart, X. D. Li, E. P. Ippen, and J. G. Fujimoto, “In vivo ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 24, 1221–1223 (1999).
[Crossref]
P. R. Willmott, P. Manoravi, J. R. Huber, T. Greber, T. A. Murray, and K. Holliday, “Production and characterization of Ti:sapphire thin films grown by reactive laser ablation with elemental precursors,” Opt. Lett. 24, 1581–1583 (1999)
[Crossref]
A. A. Anderson, R.W. Eason, L. M. B. Hickey, M. Jelinek, C. Grivas, D. S. Gill, and N. A. Vainos, “Ti:sapphire planar waveguide laser grown by pulsed laser deposition,” Opt. Lett. 22, 1556–1558 (1997).
[Crossref]
A. A. Anderson, R.W. Eason, M. Jelinek, C. Grivas, D. Lane, K. Rodgers, L. M. B. Hickey, and C. Fotakis, “Growth of Ti:sapphire single crystal thin films by pulsed laser deposition,” Thin Solid Films 300, 68–71 (1997).
[Crossref]
L. M. B. Hickey, V. Apostolopoulos, R. W. Eason, J. Wilkinson, and A.A. Anderson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21, 1452–1462 (2004).
[Crossref]
D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]
W. A. Clarkson and D. C. Hanna, “Effects of transverse mode profile on slope efficiency and relaxation oscillations in a longitudinally pumped laser” J. Mod. Opt. 36, 483–498 (1989).
[Crossref]
C. Grivas, D. P. Shepherd, T. C. May-Smith, R. W. Eason, A. Crunteanu, M. Pollnau, and M. Jelinek, “Performance of Ar+-milled Ti:sapphire rib waveguides as single transverse mode broadband fluorescence sources” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 39, 501–507 (2003).
[Crossref]
S. Brülisauer, D. Fluck, C. Solcia, T. Pliska, and P. Günter, “Nondestructive waveguide loss-measurement method using self-pumped phase conjugation for optimum end-fire coupling,” Opt. Lett. 20, 1773–1775, (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2004 (1)

L. M. B. Hickey, V. Apostolopoulos, R. W. Eason, J. Wilkinson, and A.A. Anderson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21, 1452–1462 (2004).
[Crossref]

2003 (1)

C. Grivas, D. P. Shepherd, T. C. May-Smith, R. W. Eason, A. Crunteanu, M. Pollnau, and M. Jelinek, “Performance of Ar+-milled Ti:sapphire rib waveguides as single transverse mode broadband fluorescence sources” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 39, 501–507 (2003).
[Crossref]

2002 (1)

A. Kowalevicz, T. Ko, I. Hartl, J. G. Fujimoto, M. Pollnau, and R. P. Salathé, “Ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography using a superluminescent light source,” Opt. Express 10, 349–353 (2002).
[PubMed]

1999 (3)

J. M. Schmitt, “Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): A Review,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 5, 1205–1215 (1999).
[Crossref]

W. Drexler, U. Morgner, F. X. Kärtner, C. Pitris, S. A. Boppart, X. D. Li, E. P. Ippen, and J. G. Fujimoto, “In vivo ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Lett. 24, 1221–1223 (1999).
[Crossref]

P. R. Willmott, P. Manoravi, J. R. Huber, T. Greber, T. A. Murray, and K. Holliday, “Production and characterization of Ti:sapphire thin films grown by reactive laser ablation with elemental precursors,” Opt. Lett. 24, 1581–1583 (1999)
[Crossref]

1997 (2)

A. A. Anderson, R.W. Eason, L. M. B. Hickey, M. Jelinek, C. Grivas, D. S. Gill, and N. A. Vainos, “Ti:sapphire planar waveguide laser grown by pulsed laser deposition,” Opt. Lett. 22, 1556–1558 (1997).
[Crossref]

A. A. Anderson, R.W. Eason, M. Jelinek, C. Grivas, D. Lane, K. Rodgers, L. M. B. Hickey, and C. Fotakis, “Growth of Ti:sapphire single crystal thin films by pulsed laser deposition,” Thin Solid Films 300, 68–71 (1997).
[Crossref]

1995 (2)

S. Brülisauer, D. Fluck, C. Solcia, T. Pliska, and P. Günter, “Nondestructive waveguide loss-measurement method using self-pumped phase conjugation for optimum end-fire coupling,” Opt. Lett. 20, 1773–1775, (1995).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]

1989 (1)

W. A. Clarkson and D. C. Hanna, “Effects of transverse mode profile on slope efficiency and relaxation oscillations in a longitudinally pumped laser” J. Mod. Opt. 36, 483–498 (1989).
[Crossref]

1986 (1)

P. F. Moulton, “Spectroscopic and laser characteristics of Ti:Al2O3,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 3, 125–133 (1986).
[Crossref]

Anderson, A. A.

Anderson, A.A.

L. M. B. Hickey, V. Apostolopoulos, R. W. Eason, J. Wilkinson, and A.A. Anderson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21, 1452–1462 (2004).
[Crossref]

Apostolopoulos, V.

L. M. B. Hickey, V. Apostolopoulos, R. W. Eason, J. Wilkinson, and A.A. Anderson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21, 1452–1462 (2004).
[Crossref]

Boppart, S. A.

Brülisauer, S.

Chambaz, B.

D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]

Chartier, I.

D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]

Clarkson, W. A.

W. A. Clarkson and D. C. Hanna, “Effects of transverse mode profile on slope efficiency and relaxation oscillations in a longitudinally pumped laser” J. Mod. Opt. 36, 483–498 (1989).
[Crossref]

Crunteanu, A.

Drexler, W.

Eason, R. W.

L. M. B. Hickey, V. Apostolopoulos, R. W. Eason, J. Wilkinson, and A.A. Anderson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21, 1452–1462 (2004).
[Crossref]

Eason, R.W.

Ferrand, B.

D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]

Fluck, D.

Fotakis, C.

Fujimoto, J. G.

Gill, D. S.

Greber, T.

Grivas, C.

Günter, P.

Hanna, D. C.

D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]

W. A. Clarkson and D. C. Hanna, “Effects of transverse mode profile on slope efficiency and relaxation oscillations in a longitudinally pumped laser” J. Mod. Opt. 36, 483–498 (1989).
[Crossref]

Hartl, I.

Hickey, L. M. B.

L. M. B. Hickey, V. Apostolopoulos, R. W. Eason, J. Wilkinson, and A.A. Anderson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21, 1452–1462 (2004).
[Crossref]

Holliday, K.

Huber, J. R.

Ippen, E. P.

Jelinek, M.

Kärtner, F. X.

Ko, T.

Kowalevicz, A.

Lane, D.

Large, A. C.

D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]

Li, X. D.

Manoravi, P.

May-Smith, T. C.

Morgner, U.

Moulton, P. F.

P. F. Moulton, “Spectroscopic and laser characteristics of Ti:Al2O3,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 3, 125–133 (1986).
[Crossref]

Murray, T. A.

Pelenc, D.

D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]

Pitris, C.

Pliska, T.

Pollnau, M.

Rodgers, K.

Salathé, R. P.

Schmitt, J. M.

J. M. Schmitt, “Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): A Review,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 5, 1205–1215 (1999).
[Crossref]

Shepherd, D. P.

D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]

Solcia, C.

Tropper, A.C.

D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]

Vainos, N. A.

Wilkinson, J.

L. M. B. Hickey, V. Apostolopoulos, R. W. Eason, J. Wilkinson, and A.A. Anderson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21, 1452–1462 (2004).
[Crossref]

Willmott, P. R.

Wyon, C.

D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (1)

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. (1)

J. M. Schmitt, “Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): A Review,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 5, 1205–1215 (1999).
[Crossref]

J. Mod. Opt. (1)

W. A. Clarkson and D. C. Hanna, “Effects of transverse mode profile on slope efficiency and relaxation oscillations in a longitudinally pumped laser” J. Mod. Opt. 36, 483–498 (1989).
[Crossref]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (2)

P. F. Moulton, “Spectroscopic and laser characteristics of Ti:Al2O3,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 3, 125–133 (1986).
[Crossref]

L. M. B. Hickey, V. Apostolopoulos, R. W. Eason, J. Wilkinson, and A.A. Anderson, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21, 1452–1462 (2004).
[Crossref]

Opt. Commun. (1)

D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D. P. Shepherd, D. C. Hanna, A. C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (1)

Opt. Lett. (4)

Thin Solid Films (1)

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Fig. 1. Experimental configuration for the investigation of the rib waveguide lasers. The laser cavity is formed by the mirrors M₁ and M₂. The geometry of the resulting structure after the fabrication process is shown in the inset.

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Fig. 2. Lasing spectrum originating from a Ti:sapphire rib waveguide for an absorbed pump power of 350 mW. The structure was 3.5 µm and 10 µm in height and width, respectively.

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Fig. 3. Output power from a rib waveguide laser with height and width of 3.5 µm and 10 µm, respectively, as a function of the absorbed power for an output coupler with a 4.6% transmission at the lasing wavelength

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Fig. 4. Laser mode profile obtained from a Ti:sapphire rib waveguide of height 3.5 µm and width 10 µm using a 4.6 % output coupler at an absorbed power of 350 mW.

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Equations (2)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

η = η_{q} \frac{λ_{p}}{λ_{l}} \cdot \frac{- \ln (R_{2})}{- \ln (R_{1} \cdot R_{2}) + 2 \cdot l \cdot a_{L}} \cdot η_{pl}

η_{pl} = \frac{W_{lx} \cdot W_{ly} \cdot {({2 W}_{px}^{2} + W_{lx}^{2})}^{1 ⁄ 2} \cdot {({2 W}_{py}^{2} + W_{ly}^{2})}^{1 ⁄ 2}}{(W_{px}^{2} + W_{lx}^{2}) \cdot (W_{py}^{2} + W_{ly}^{2})}

Abstract

References

2004 (1)

2003 (1)

2002 (1)

1999 (3)

1997 (2)

1995 (2)

1989 (1)

1986 (1)

Anderson, A. A.

Anderson, A.A.

Apostolopoulos, V.

Boppart, S. A.

Brülisauer, S.

Chambaz, B.

Chartier, I.

Clarkson, W. A.

Crunteanu, A.

Drexler, W.

Eason, R. W.

Eason, R.W.

Ferrand, B.

Fluck, D.

Fotakis, C.

Fujimoto, J. G.

Gill, D. S.

Greber, T.

Grivas, C.

Günter, P.

Hanna, D. C.

Hartl, I.

Hickey, L. M. B.

Holliday, K.

Huber, J. R.

Ippen, E. P.

Jelinek, M.

Kärtner, F. X.

Ko, T.

Kowalevicz, A.

Lane, D.

Large, A. C.

Li, X. D.

Manoravi, P.

May-Smith, T. C.

Morgner, U.

Moulton, P. F.

Murray, T. A.

Pelenc, D.

Pitris, C.

Pliska, T.

Pollnau, M.

Rodgers, K.

Salathé, R. P.

Schmitt, J. M.

Shepherd, D. P.

Solcia, C.

Tropper, A.C.

Vainos, N. A.

Wilkinson, J.

Willmott, P. R.

Wyon, C.

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (1)

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. (1)

J. Mod. Opt. (1)

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (2)

Opt. Commun. (1)

Opt. Express (1)

Opt. Lett. (4)

Thin Solid Films (1)

Cited By

Figures (4)

Equations (2)

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