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Control of enhanced THz transmission through metallic hole arrays using nematic liquid crystal

Ci-Ling Pan, Cho-Fan Hsieh, Ru-Pin Pan, Masaki Tanaka, Fumiaki Miyamaru, Masahiko Tani, and Masanori Hangyo

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Abstract

We demonstrate frequency tuning of enhanced THz radiation transmitted through a two-dimensional metallic hole array (2D-MHA) by controlling the index of refraction of the medium filling the holes and adjacent to the 2D-MHA on one side. The medium is a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) and its index of refraction is varied using magnetically controlled birefringence of the NLC. With the NLC, the peak transmission frequency of the 2D-MHA shift to the red by 0.112 THz and can be tuned from 0.193 to 0.188 THz. The peak transmittance is as high as 70% or an enhancement of 2.42 times, considering the porosity of the 2D-MHA. As a tunable THz filter, this device exhibits a continuous tuning range of 4.7 GHz, a low insertion loss of 2.35 to 1.55 dB and a quality factor of ~4–5.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)
Fig.1.
Fig.1. Experimental setup. The inset shows construction of the 2D-MHA with a nematic liquid crystal, (NLC) 5CB infiltrated and as the substrate on one side.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Transmittance of the 2D-MHA sample before machining (thickness t=0.5 mm, black trace), after machining into a box-line structure (t=0.35 mm, red trace), boxed MHA with front and back Mylar sheets attached (blue trace), LC-filled MHA for o-ray (purple trace) and LC-filled MHA for e-ray (green trace).

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. The transmitted THz temporal waveforms of the tunable 2D-MHA sample with the 5CB layer aligned at several magnetic inclination angles θ (θ=0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 55°) to the polarization direction of the THz wave. The relative time delay is clearly shown in the inset. The waveform of the incident or reference THz pulse (reduced by a factor of four) is also shown.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. A close-up of the power spectra of THz signals transmitted through this device at various magnetic inclination angles.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. The experimentally observed shift of the peak frequencies from Fig. 3(a) and the theoretical estimates are plotted as a function of the inverse of the effective index of refraction.

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Fig.6.
Fig.6. The peak transmittance of the 2D-MHA is plotted as a function of the inverse of the effective index of refraction of the LC.

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Equations (3)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

ν R = ν spp = ∣ k → in + G → ∣ c o 2 π ε m + ε d ε m ε d ,
ν R = ν spp ≅ ν diff n d ,
n d = { [ sin ⁡ 2 ( θ ) n o 2 + cos ⁡ 2 ( θ ) n e 2 ] − 1 2 } ,

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