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Diode-pumped, ultrafast, multi-octave supercontinuum source at repetition rates between 500 kHz and 20 MHz using Yb:glass lasers and tapered fibers

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Abstract

We present a compact, all diode-pumped supercontinuum source based on a SESAM mode-locked Yb:glass oscillator at 1040 nm and a tapered fiber. The oscillator has a repetition rate of 20 MHz, a pulse duration of 200 fs, and a maximum pulse energy of about 15 nJ. This system delivers an 1100 nm broad spectrum with an output power of more than 100 mW. Decreasing the repetition rate to 500 kHz by cavity-dumping results in a supercontinuum with a high pulse energy of about 50 nJ. Furthermore, using the frequency-doubled output of this laser at 520 nm with 300 fs pulse duration resulted in supercontinua in the near-UV and visible spectral region. We compare the experimental spectra with theoretical simulations.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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Figures (7)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Experimental setup. We used three different laser sources in front of the tapered fiber, one at a time. Input coupling was accomplished using a 0.3 or 0.1 NA microscope objectives. The spectrometer was an ANDO AQ 6315A.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Output spectra of four different tapered fibers as a function of input and output power when pumping with an Yb:glass laser with 20 MHz repetition rate and 200 fs pulses. The generated continua stretch from 420 to 1600 nm, depending on the waist diameter. The broadest spectra were achieved with a waist diameter of 3.3 µm. The waist lengths were 90 mm in all cases.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. (a) Output spectra as a function of waist diameter at 1040 nm input wavelength when pumping with an Yb:glass laser with 20 MHz repetition rate and 200 fs pulses with a power of 200 mW. The waist lengths were 90 mm each. (b) Calculated GVD of the tapered fiber as a function of waist diameter. Positive values represent anomalous dispersion. The fibers are the same as in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Gaussian shape of a spectral section of the output when using a tapered fiber with a 2.8 µm waist diameter and a 90 mm waist length. The pump source was an Yb:glass laser with 20 MHz repetition rate and 200 fs pulses with a power of 280 mW.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Output spectra of four different tapered fibers as a function of power. The generated continuum stretches from 400 to 1700 nm, depending on the waist diameter. The waist length was 90 mm. The pump wavelength in each case is located in the anomalous dispersion regime. The pump source was a cavity-dumped Yb:glass laser with 500 kHz repetition rate and 250 fs pulses.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. (a) Output spectra as a function of waist diameter at 1040 nm input wavelength. The waist lengths were 90 mm each. (b) Calculated GVD as a function of waist diameter. Positive values represent anomalous dispersion. The fibers are the same as in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. Measured (a) and simulated (b) output spectra as a function of output power at 520 nm input wavelength and 800 nm waist diameter. The waist length was 90 mm, the repetition rate was 500 kHz, and the pulse duration was 300 fs.
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