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Generation and applications of amplitude-squeezed states of light from semiconductor diode lasers

Yong-qing Li and Min Xiao

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We describe recent experiments on generation and applications of amplitude-squeezed states of light from a semiconductor diode laser. Amplitude-squeezed light with intensity noise 2 dB below the standard shot- noise limit was observed from a diode laser with a weak optical feedback from an external grating. Applications of this amplitude-squeezed light as a local oscillator in heterodyne detection in Doppler velocity measurement and weak light-scattering measurement are discussed.

©1998 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Experimental setup for generation of amplitude-squeezed states of light from a diode laser. The laser diode (LD) and collimating lens are cooled in a cryostat. LD - laser diode; BS - beamsplitter; NDF - neutral density filter; PZT - PZT controlled mirror.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Measured noise power spectral densities for the output beam of the squeezed source. Curve a is the shot-noise level with dc detector current of 12 mA. Curve b is for the output beam with a 12 mA detector current. Curve c is for the amplifier noise.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Measured Fano factor (at 10.0 MHz) of the diode laser at different bias currents. The feedback intensity was set at the maximum value and the threshold current Ith was 3.5 mA at 80 K. η is the transfer efficiency from the bias current of the laser diode to the dc photocurrent of the detector.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Measured Fano factor (at 10.0 MHz) of the diode laser at different feedback intensities. The bias current of the laser diode was set at 26.7 mA and the dc photocurrent of the detector was 12.0 mA. A weak optical feedback intensity of 1.5×10-4 was sufficient to suppress the laser diode noise below the SNL.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Experimental sketch of sub-shot-noise laser Doppler anemometer with amplitude-squeezed light as a local oscillator (reference beam).

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Measurements of Doppler shift signals at different nitrogen gas pressures. The flow velocities were inferred to be (a) 32.4 cm/s, and (b) 26.7 cm/s. The dc detector current is 10.0 mA. The spectrum analyzer was set with a resolution bandwidth of 30 kHz, a video bandwidth of 100 Hz, and a scan time of 2.0s.

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Equations (2)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

ν D = ( n / λ ) u ∙ ( k S − k 0 ) = ( 2 n u / λ ) sin ( α / 2 )
< i s 2 > / < i n 2 > = η I s / ( B F o ) .
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