Slow-light in a vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifier

Nicolas Laurand; Stephane Calvez; Martin D. Dawson; Anthony E. Kelly

doi:10.1364/OE.14.006858

Optics Express
Vol. 14,
Issue 15,
pp. 6858-6863
(2006)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.14.006858

Slow-light in a vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifier

Nicolas Laurand, Stephane Calvez, Martin D. Dawson, and Anthony E. Kelly

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Nicolas Laurand, Stephane Calvez, Martin D. Dawson, and Anthony E. Kelly, "Slow-light in a vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifier," Opt. Express 14, 6858-6863 (2006)

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- Optoelectronics
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About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: May 25, 2006
- Revised Manuscript: June 16, 2006
- Manuscript Accepted: June 19, 2006
- Published: July 24, 2006

Abstract

This paper discusses the effect of slow-light in Vertical-Cavity Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers. A Fabry-Perot model is used to predict the group delay (GD) and GD-bandwidth performance of a VCSOA operated in reflection in the linear regime. It is shown that the GD depends on all cavity parameters while the GDxGD-bandwidth product only depends on the gain. Experimental demonstration with a 1300nm GaInNAs VCSOA is used to validate the model and demonstrate tunable GDs between 25 and 100 ps by varying the VCSOA gain. Experimental distortion of the signals induced by nonlinear effects is also presented.

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Fig. 1. Top: VCSOA GD as a function of the device gain for different cavity parameters with corresponding threshold curves. Bottom: GDxGD-bandwidth product as a function of device gain.

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Fig. 2. (a) VCSOA GD measurement set-up; (b) Examples of normalized RF signal delay measurements in linear regime at different VCSOA gain.

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Fig. 3. (a) Group delay as a function of the VCSOA gain in dB; (b) Gain and delay spectra for G=17dB and GD=100 ps.

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Fig. 4. (a) VCSOA output signal for different Pin. (b) VCSOA output signal for signal-VCSOA resonance detuning of -40, 0 and 40 pm for Pin=-11dBm and a small-signal gain G_sm~13dB.

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G (λ) = {∣ - \sqrt{R_{f}} + C_{M} (1 - R_{f}) \sqrt{R_{b}} g_{s} \sum_{k = 0}^{\infty} {(\sqrt{R_{f} R_{b}} g_{s} e^{iφ})}^{k} ∣}^{2}

= \frac{{(\sqrt{R_{f}} - D \sqrt{R_{b}} g_{s})}^{2} + 4 D \sqrt{R_{f} R_{b}} g_{s} \sin^{2} \frac{φ}{2}}{{(1 - \sqrt{R_{f} R_{b}} g_{s})}^{2} + 4 D \sqrt{R_{f} R_{b}} g_{s} \sin^{2} \frac{φ}{2}}

ϕ (λ) = Arc \tan \frac{\sqrt{R_{b}} ∙ g_{s} ∙ (R_{f} - D) ∙ \sin φ}{\sqrt{R_{f}} \cdot (1 + R_{b} D ∙ {g_{s}}^{2}) - \sqrt{R_{f}} ∙ g_{s} ∙ (R_{f} + D) ∙ \cos φ}

GD (λ) = \frac{dϕ (λ)}{dλ} ∙ \frac{λ^{2}}{2 ∙ π ∙ c} = \frac{{2 L}_{C}}{c} ∙ \frac{R_{b} {g_{s}}^{2} ∙ (D^{2} - {R_{f}}^{2}) - \sqrt{R_{f} R_{b}} ∙ (1 + R_{b} {Dg}_{s}^{2}) ∙ (D - R_{f}) ∙ g_{s} ∙ \cos φ}{R_{f} + R_{b} {g_{s}}^{2} ∙ (D^{2} + {R_{f}}^{2} + R_{f} R_{b} D^{2} {g_{s}}^{2}) - 2 \sqrt{R_{f} R_{b}} ∙ (1 + R_{b} {Dg}_{s}^{2}) ∙ g_{s} ∙ (D + R_{f}) \cos φ + {4 R}_{f} R_{b} {Dg}_{s}^{2} \cos^{2} φ}

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