Abstract

We introduce the notion of temporal superresolution for ultrashort laser pulses, by analogy with the well-known method of optical superresolution in imaging systems. Simple linear spectral masks are presented, that shape a laser pulse into a central peak of very short duration, well below the Fourier limited width of Gaussian pulses, but accompagnied by low intensity satellite pulses. A proof-of-principle experiment is presented, using a short pulse, high intensity laser system. Such lasers may induce very strongly non linear phenomena in laser-matter interactions, suppressing the effect of the satellite pulses and therefore fully mimicking shorter light pulses. As an example, we show theoretically that the field ionization asymmetry induced by cosine few cycle pulses is strongly enhanced using temporally superresolved laser pulses.

©2005 Optical Society of America

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  1. Shimon Weiss, “Shattering the diffraction limit of light: A revolution in fluorescence microscopy?,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 8747–8749 (2000).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  2. Z. S. Hegedus and V. Sarafis, “Superresolving filters in confocally scanned imaging systems,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31892–1896 (1986).
    [Crossref]
  3. Hongxin Luo and Changhee Zhou, “Comparison of superresolution effects with annular phase and amplitude filters,” Appl. Opt. 43, 6242–6247 (2004).
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  4. G. R. Boyer, “Pupil filters for moderate superresolution,” Appl. Opt. 15, 3089–3093 (1976).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  5. Tasso, R. M. Sales, and G. Michael Morris, “Fundamental limits of optical superresolution,” Opt. Lett. 22, 582–584 (1997).
    [Crossref]
  6. Tasso, R. M. Sales, and G. Michael Morris, “Diffractive superresolution elements, ” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 14, 1637–1646 (1997).
    [Crossref]
  7. Daniel M. de Juana, José E. Oti, Vidal F. Canales, and Manuel P. Cagigal, “Design of superresolving continuous phase filters,” Opt. Lett. 28, 607–609 (1997).
    [Crossref]
  8. P. Tournois, J.-L. Verner, and G. Bienvenu, “Sur l′analogie optique de certains montages électroniques : formation d′images temporelles de signaux électriques,” C. R. Acad. Sci.,  267, 375–378 (1968).
  9. S. A. Akhmanov, V. A. Vysloukh, and A. S. Chirkin, Optics of femtosecond laser pulses (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1992).
  10. F. Verluise, V. Laude, Z. Cheng, Ch. Spielmann, and P. Tournois, “Amplitude and phase control of ultrashort pulses by use of an acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter : pulse compression and shaping”, Opt. Lett. 25, 575–577 (2000)).
    [Crossref]
  11. H. Ichikawa, “Temporal superresolution: an application of frequency filtering by a grating in the resonance domain,” J. Mod. Opt. 47, 2361–2375 (2000).
  12. P. Tournois, “Acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter for adaptive compensation of group delay time dispersion in laser systems,” Opt. Commun. 140, 245–249 (1997). http://www.fastlite.com
    [Crossref]
  13. C. Iaconis and A. Walmsley, “Spectral phase interferometry for direct electric field reconstruction of ultrashort optical pulses, ” Opt. Lett. 23, 792–794 (1998).
    [Crossref]
  14. C. Dorrer, B. de Beauvoir, C. Le Blanc, J.-P. Rousseau, S. Ranc, P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, and F. Salin, “Characterization of chirped-pulse amplification systems with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction,” Appl. Phys. B 70, S77–S84 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  15. C.-G. Wahlström, J. J. Larsson, A. Persson, T. Starczewski, S. Svanberg, P. Salières, Ph. Balcou, and A. L’Huillier, “High-order harmonic generation in rare gases with an intense short-pulse laser,” Phys. Rev. A 48, 4709–4720, (1993).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  16. G. G. Paulus, F. Grasbon, H. Walther, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. Stagira, E. Priori, and S. De Silvestri, “Absolute-phase phenomena in photoionization with few-cycle laser pulses,” Nature 414, 182–184 (2001).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  17. M. V. Ammosov, N. B. Delone, and V. P. Krainov, “Tunnel ionization of complex atoms and of atomic ions in an alternating electromagnetic field,” Sov. Phys. JETP 64, 1191–1194 (1986).
  18. P. N. Gundu, E. Hack, and P. Rastogi, “High efficient superresolution combination filter with twin LCD spatial light modulators,” Opt. Express 13, 8, 2835–2842 (2005). http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-13-8-2835
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  19. A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
    [Crossref]

2005 (2)

P. N. Gundu, E. Hack, and P. Rastogi, “High efficient superresolution combination filter with twin LCD spatial light modulators,” Opt. Express 13, 8, 2835–2842 (2005). http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=OPEX-13-8-2835
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

2004 (1)

2001 (1)

G. G. Paulus, F. Grasbon, H. Walther, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. Stagira, E. Priori, and S. De Silvestri, “Absolute-phase phenomena in photoionization with few-cycle laser pulses,” Nature 414, 182–184 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2000 (4)

C. Dorrer, B. de Beauvoir, C. Le Blanc, J.-P. Rousseau, S. Ranc, P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, and F. Salin, “Characterization of chirped-pulse amplification systems with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction,” Appl. Phys. B 70, S77–S84 (2000).
[Crossref]

F. Verluise, V. Laude, Z. Cheng, Ch. Spielmann, and P. Tournois, “Amplitude and phase control of ultrashort pulses by use of an acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter : pulse compression and shaping”, Opt. Lett. 25, 575–577 (2000)).
[Crossref]

H. Ichikawa, “Temporal superresolution: an application of frequency filtering by a grating in the resonance domain,” J. Mod. Opt. 47, 2361–2375 (2000).

Shimon Weiss, “Shattering the diffraction limit of light: A revolution in fluorescence microscopy?,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 8747–8749 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1998 (1)

1997 (4)

P. Tournois, “Acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter for adaptive compensation of group delay time dispersion in laser systems,” Opt. Commun. 140, 245–249 (1997). http://www.fastlite.com
[Crossref]

Tasso, R. M. Sales, and G. Michael Morris, “Fundamental limits of optical superresolution,” Opt. Lett. 22, 582–584 (1997).
[Crossref]

Tasso, R. M. Sales, and G. Michael Morris, “Diffractive superresolution elements, ” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 14, 1637–1646 (1997).
[Crossref]

Daniel M. de Juana, José E. Oti, Vidal F. Canales, and Manuel P. Cagigal, “Design of superresolving continuous phase filters,” Opt. Lett. 28, 607–609 (1997).
[Crossref]

1993 (1)

C.-G. Wahlström, J. J. Larsson, A. Persson, T. Starczewski, S. Svanberg, P. Salières, Ph. Balcou, and A. L’Huillier, “High-order harmonic generation in rare gases with an intense short-pulse laser,” Phys. Rev. A 48, 4709–4720, (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1992 (1)

S. A. Akhmanov, V. A. Vysloukh, and A. S. Chirkin, Optics of femtosecond laser pulses (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1992).

1986 (2)

M. V. Ammosov, N. B. Delone, and V. P. Krainov, “Tunnel ionization of complex atoms and of atomic ions in an alternating electromagnetic field,” Sov. Phys. JETP 64, 1191–1194 (1986).

Z. S. Hegedus and V. Sarafis, “Superresolving filters in confocally scanned imaging systems,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 31892–1896 (1986).
[Crossref]

1976 (1)

1968 (1)

P. Tournois, J.-L. Verner, and G. Bienvenu, “Sur l′analogie optique de certains montages électroniques : formation d′images temporelles de signaux électriques,” C. R. Acad. Sci.,  267, 375–378 (1968).

Akhmanov, S. A.

S. A. Akhmanov, V. A. Vysloukh, and A. S. Chirkin, Optics of femtosecond laser pulses (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1992).

Albert, O.

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

Ammosov, M. V.

M. V. Ammosov, N. B. Delone, and V. P. Krainov, “Tunnel ionization of complex atoms and of atomic ions in an alternating electromagnetic field,” Sov. Phys. JETP 64, 1191–1194 (1986).

Augé-Rochereau, F.

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

Balcou, Ph.

C.-G. Wahlström, J. J. Larsson, A. Persson, T. Starczewski, S. Svanberg, P. Salières, Ph. Balcou, and A. L’Huillier, “High-order harmonic generation in rare gases with an intense short-pulse laser,” Phys. Rev. A 48, 4709–4720, (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bienvenu, G.

P. Tournois, J.-L. Verner, and G. Bienvenu, “Sur l′analogie optique de certains montages électroniques : formation d′images temporelles de signaux électriques,” C. R. Acad. Sci.,  267, 375–378 (1968).

Boyer, G. R.

Burgy, F.

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

Cagigal, Manuel P.

Canales, Vidal F.

Chambaret, J.-P.

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

C. Dorrer, B. de Beauvoir, C. Le Blanc, J.-P. Rousseau, S. Ranc, P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, and F. Salin, “Characterization of chirped-pulse amplification systems with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction,” Appl. Phys. B 70, S77–S84 (2000).
[Crossref]

Cheng, Z.

Chériaux, G.

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

Chirkin, A. S.

S. A. Akhmanov, V. A. Vysloukh, and A. S. Chirkin, Optics of femtosecond laser pulses (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1992).

de Beauvoir, B.

C. Dorrer, B. de Beauvoir, C. Le Blanc, J.-P. Rousseau, S. Ranc, P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, and F. Salin, “Characterization of chirped-pulse amplification systems with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction,” Appl. Phys. B 70, S77–S84 (2000).
[Crossref]

de Juana, Daniel M.

De Silvestri, S.

G. G. Paulus, F. Grasbon, H. Walther, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. Stagira, E. Priori, and S. De Silvestri, “Absolute-phase phenomena in photoionization with few-cycle laser pulses,” Nature 414, 182–184 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Delone, N. B.

M. V. Ammosov, N. B. Delone, and V. P. Krainov, “Tunnel ionization of complex atoms and of atomic ions in an alternating electromagnetic field,” Sov. Phys. JETP 64, 1191–1194 (1986).

Dorrer, C.

C. Dorrer, B. de Beauvoir, C. Le Blanc, J.-P. Rousseau, S. Ranc, P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, and F. Salin, “Characterization of chirped-pulse amplification systems with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction,” Appl. Phys. B 70, S77–S84 (2000).
[Crossref]

Etchepare, J.

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

Grasbon, F.

G. G. Paulus, F. Grasbon, H. Walther, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. Stagira, E. Priori, and S. De Silvestri, “Absolute-phase phenomena in photoionization with few-cycle laser pulses,” Nature 414, 182–184 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gundu, P. N.

Hack, E.

Hamoniaux, G.

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

Hegedus, Z. S.

Iaconis, C.

Ichikawa, H.

H. Ichikawa, “Temporal superresolution: an application of frequency filtering by a grating in the resonance domain,” J. Mod. Opt. 47, 2361–2375 (2000).

Jullien, A.

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

Krainov, V. P.

M. V. Ammosov, N. B. Delone, and V. P. Krainov, “Tunnel ionization of complex atoms and of atomic ions in an alternating electromagnetic field,” Sov. Phys. JETP 64, 1191–1194 (1986).

L’Huillier, A.

C.-G. Wahlström, J. J. Larsson, A. Persson, T. Starczewski, S. Svanberg, P. Salières, Ph. Balcou, and A. L’Huillier, “High-order harmonic generation in rare gases with an intense short-pulse laser,” Phys. Rev. A 48, 4709–4720, (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Larsson, J. J.

C.-G. Wahlström, J. J. Larsson, A. Persson, T. Starczewski, S. Svanberg, P. Salières, Ph. Balcou, and A. L’Huillier, “High-order harmonic generation in rare gases with an intense short-pulse laser,” Phys. Rev. A 48, 4709–4720, (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Laude, V.

Le Blanc, C.

C. Dorrer, B. de Beauvoir, C. Le Blanc, J.-P. Rousseau, S. Ranc, P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, and F. Salin, “Characterization of chirped-pulse amplification systems with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction,” Appl. Phys. B 70, S77–S84 (2000).
[Crossref]

Luo, Hongxin

Michael Morris, G.

Tasso, R. M. Sales, and G. Michael Morris, “Fundamental limits of optical superresolution,” Opt. Lett. 22, 582–584 (1997).
[Crossref]

Tasso, R. M. Sales, and G. Michael Morris, “Diffractive superresolution elements, ” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 14, 1637–1646 (1997).
[Crossref]

Minkovski, N.

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

Nisoli, M.

G. G. Paulus, F. Grasbon, H. Walther, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. Stagira, E. Priori, and S. De Silvestri, “Absolute-phase phenomena in photoionization with few-cycle laser pulses,” Nature 414, 182–184 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Oti, José E.

Paulus, G. G.

G. G. Paulus, F. Grasbon, H. Walther, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. Stagira, E. Priori, and S. De Silvestri, “Absolute-phase phenomena in photoionization with few-cycle laser pulses,” Nature 414, 182–184 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Persson, A.

C.-G. Wahlström, J. J. Larsson, A. Persson, T. Starczewski, S. Svanberg, P. Salières, Ph. Balcou, and A. L’Huillier, “High-order harmonic generation in rare gases with an intense short-pulse laser,” Phys. Rev. A 48, 4709–4720, (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Priori, E.

G. G. Paulus, F. Grasbon, H. Walther, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. Stagira, E. Priori, and S. De Silvestri, “Absolute-phase phenomena in photoionization with few-cycle laser pulses,” Nature 414, 182–184 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ranc, S.

C. Dorrer, B. de Beauvoir, C. Le Blanc, J.-P. Rousseau, S. Ranc, P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, and F. Salin, “Characterization of chirped-pulse amplification systems with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction,” Appl. Phys. B 70, S77–S84 (2000).
[Crossref]

Rastogi, P.

Rousseau, J.-P.

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

C. Dorrer, B. de Beauvoir, C. Le Blanc, J.-P. Rousseau, S. Ranc, P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, and F. Salin, “Characterization of chirped-pulse amplification systems with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction,” Appl. Phys. B 70, S77–S84 (2000).
[Crossref]

Rousseau, P.

C. Dorrer, B. de Beauvoir, C. Le Blanc, J.-P. Rousseau, S. Ranc, P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, and F. Salin, “Characterization of chirped-pulse amplification systems with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction,” Appl. Phys. B 70, S77–S84 (2000).
[Crossref]

Sales, R. M.

Tasso, R. M. Sales, and G. Michael Morris, “Diffractive superresolution elements, ” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 14, 1637–1646 (1997).
[Crossref]

Tasso, R. M. Sales, and G. Michael Morris, “Fundamental limits of optical superresolution,” Opt. Lett. 22, 582–584 (1997).
[Crossref]

Salières, P.

C.-G. Wahlström, J. J. Larsson, A. Persson, T. Starczewski, S. Svanberg, P. Salières, Ph. Balcou, and A. L’Huillier, “High-order harmonic generation in rare gases with an intense short-pulse laser,” Phys. Rev. A 48, 4709–4720, (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Salin, F.

C. Dorrer, B. de Beauvoir, C. Le Blanc, J.-P. Rousseau, S. Ranc, P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, and F. Salin, “Characterization of chirped-pulse amplification systems with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction,” Appl. Phys. B 70, S77–S84 (2000).
[Crossref]

Saltiel, S. M.

A. Jullien, O. Albert, F. Burgy, G. Hamoniaux, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, F. Augé-Rochereau, G. Chériaux, J. Etchepare, N. Minkovski, and S. M. Saltiel, “10-10 temporal contrast for femtosecond ultraintense lasers by cross-polarized wave generation,” Opt. Lett. Vol. 30, 920–922 (2005).
[Crossref]

Sarafis, V.

Spielmann, Ch.

Stagira, S.

G. G. Paulus, F. Grasbon, H. Walther, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. Stagira, E. Priori, and S. De Silvestri, “Absolute-phase phenomena in photoionization with few-cycle laser pulses,” Nature 414, 182–184 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Starczewski, T.

C.-G. Wahlström, J. J. Larsson, A. Persson, T. Starczewski, S. Svanberg, P. Salières, Ph. Balcou, and A. L’Huillier, “High-order harmonic generation in rare gases with an intense short-pulse laser,” Phys. Rev. A 48, 4709–4720, (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Svanberg, S.

C.-G. Wahlström, J. J. Larsson, A. Persson, T. Starczewski, S. Svanberg, P. Salières, Ph. Balcou, and A. L’Huillier, “High-order harmonic generation in rare gases with an intense short-pulse laser,” Phys. Rev. A 48, 4709–4720, (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tasso,

Tasso, R. M. Sales, and G. Michael Morris, “Fundamental limits of optical superresolution,” Opt. Lett. 22, 582–584 (1997).
[Crossref]

Tasso, R. M. Sales, and G. Michael Morris, “Diffractive superresolution elements, ” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 14, 1637–1646 (1997).
[Crossref]

Tournois, P.

F. Verluise, V. Laude, Z. Cheng, Ch. Spielmann, and P. Tournois, “Amplitude and phase control of ultrashort pulses by use of an acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter : pulse compression and shaping”, Opt. Lett. 25, 575–577 (2000)).
[Crossref]

P. Tournois, “Acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter for adaptive compensation of group delay time dispersion in laser systems,” Opt. Commun. 140, 245–249 (1997). http://www.fastlite.com
[Crossref]

P. Tournois, J.-L. Verner, and G. Bienvenu, “Sur l′analogie optique de certains montages électroniques : formation d′images temporelles de signaux électriques,” C. R. Acad. Sci.,  267, 375–378 (1968).

Verluise, F.

Verner, J.-L.

P. Tournois, J.-L. Verner, and G. Bienvenu, “Sur l′analogie optique de certains montages électroniques : formation d′images temporelles de signaux électriques,” C. R. Acad. Sci.,  267, 375–378 (1968).

Villoresi, P.

G. G. Paulus, F. Grasbon, H. Walther, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. Stagira, E. Priori, and S. De Silvestri, “Absolute-phase phenomena in photoionization with few-cycle laser pulses,” Nature 414, 182–184 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Vysloukh, V. A.

S. A. Akhmanov, V. A. Vysloukh, and A. S. Chirkin, Optics of femtosecond laser pulses (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1992).

Wahlström, C.-G.

C.-G. Wahlström, J. J. Larsson, A. Persson, T. Starczewski, S. Svanberg, P. Salières, Ph. Balcou, and A. L’Huillier, “High-order harmonic generation in rare gases with an intense short-pulse laser,” Phys. Rev. A 48, 4709–4720, (1993).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Walmsley, A.

Walther, H.

G. G. Paulus, F. Grasbon, H. Walther, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. Stagira, E. Priori, and S. De Silvestri, “Absolute-phase phenomena in photoionization with few-cycle laser pulses,” Nature 414, 182–184 (2001).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Weiss, Shimon

Shimon Weiss, “Shattering the diffraction limit of light: A revolution in fluorescence microscopy?,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 8747–8749 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhou, Changhee

Appl. Opt. (2)

Appl. Phys. B (1)

C. Dorrer, B. de Beauvoir, C. Le Blanc, J.-P. Rousseau, S. Ranc, P. Rousseau, J.-P. Chambaret, and F. Salin, “Characterization of chirped-pulse amplification systems with spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction,” Appl. Phys. B 70, S77–S84 (2000).
[Crossref]

C. R. Acad. Sci. (1)

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (a) Argument of phase mask (solid line) and profile of an amplitude mask (dashed line).

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Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. b) Normalized intensity profile of superresolved pulses obtained from the amplitude mask (solid line) (ST = 0.2), from the phase mask (dashed line) (ST=0.35), applied to a Gaussian, Fourier limited pulse of 40 nm FWHM bandwidth (dotted line).

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Experimental laser spectral profile (FWHM = 40 nm) (thick line), imposed theoretical spectral phase (black thin line), and experimentally measured spectral phase (red line).

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Temporal profiles of the pulse measured with Spider (red line, FWHM = 19 fs) , of the corresponding Fourier limited 30 fs pulse (thick dashed line), and of a pulse calculated from experimental spectra and theoretical phase displayed in Fig. 2 as a black thin line (black thin line).

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Ionization asymmetry coefficient as function of spectral width for cosine superresolved pulses (solid line) , FTL pulses (dashed line) and superresolved pulses with Strehl ratio correction (dotted line).

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Equations (3)

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E in ( ω ) = E 0 exp ( − 2 ln ( 2 ) ( ω − ω 0 ) 2 Δ ω 2 ) ,
E ( ω ) out ∝ E ( ω ) in S ( ω ) .
S phase ( ω ) = exp ( iA exp ( − ( ω − ω 0 ) 2 τ 2 )

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