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Laser micro-welding of transparent materials by a localized heat accumulation effect using a femtosecond fiber laser at 1558 nm

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Abstract

We report on laser micro-welding of materials based on a localized heat accumulation effect using an amplified femtosecond Er-fiber laser with a wavelength of 1558 nm and a repetition rate of 500 kHz. We demonstrated the welding of non-alkali alumino silicate glass substrates, resulting in a joint strength of 9.87 MPa. We also welded a non-alkali glass substrate and a silicon substrate using the 1558-nm laser pulses, resulting in a joint strength of 3.74 MPa. Our laser micro-welding technique can be extended to welding of semiconductor materials and has potential for various applications, such as three-dimensional stacks and assembly of electronic devices and microelectromechanical system devices.

©2006 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of laser micro-welding of two substrates. (a) Two stacked substrates. (b) Fixing of two substrates using sample holder and a pressing lens. (c) Welding of two substrates by focusing femtosecond laser pulses at the interface between the two substrates.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of welding volumes (a) in the xy-plane and (b) in the yz-plane.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of a tensile tester.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. (a). Optical images of the refractive-index change in the xy-plane as a function of exposure time. (b) Dependence of the diameter on the exposure time.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Optical images of the welding volumes produced at the scan speed of 20 μm/s in the xy-plane and in the xz-plane. Dashed line in (b) shows the welding volumes.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Optical image of welding volume in the xz-plane produced at a scan speed of 200 μm/s and a repetition rate of 500 kHz. The input energy was 0.8 μJ/pulse.

Tables (1)

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Table 1. Young′s moduli and Poisson′s ratios for the materials used.

Equations (3)

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W = 4 3 a 3 r 1 1 v 1 2 E 1 + 1 v 1 2 E 2 ,
P mean = 4 3 π a r 1 1 v 1 2 E 1 + 1 v 2 2 E 2 ,
P max = 1.5 P mean ,

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