Abstract

We proposed using metal-insulator-metal (MIM) nanorod arrays for subwavelength imaging to improve the resolution based on the notable ability of field confinement of the MIM nanorods. The field distribution of a single Au-SiO2-Au nanorod, coupling between two nanorods and image transfer of shaped dipole sources through nanorod arrays were investigated by using the finite-difference time-domain method and compared with the case of Au nanorods. A resolution limit of ~λ/20 of the Au-SiO2-Au nanorod array was obtained, which is several times higher than that of the Au nanorod array.

©2009 Optical Society of America

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  1. J. B. Pendry, “Negative refraction makes a perfect lens,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3966–3969 (2000).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  2. N. Fang, H. Lee, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Sub-diffraction-limited optical imaging with a silver superlens,” Science 308, 534–537 (2005).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  3. D. O. S. Melville and R. J. Blaikie, “Super-resolution imaging through a planar silver layer,” Opt. Express 13, 2127–2134 (2005), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-13-6-2127.
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  4. B. Wood, J. B. Pendry, and D. P. Tsai, “Directed subwavelength imaging using a layered metal-dielectric system,” Phys. Rev. B 74, 115116 (2006).
    [Crossref]
  5. Z. Jacob, L. V. Alekseyev, and E. Narimanov, “Optical hyperlens: Far-field imaging beyond the diffraction limit,” Opt. Express 14, 8247–8256 (2006), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-14-18-8247.
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  6. A. Salandrino and N. Engheta, “Far-field subdiffraction optical microscopy using metamaterial crystals: Theory and simulations,” Phys. Rev. B 74, 075103 (2006).
    [Crossref]
  7. I. I. Smolyaninov, Y. Hung, and C. C. Davis, “Magnifying superlens in the visible frequency range,” Science 315, 1699–1701 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  8. Z. Liu, H. Lee, Y. Xiong, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Far-field optical hyperlens magnifying sub-diffraction-limited objects,” Science 315, 1686 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, “Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 267407 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  10. G. Shvets, S. Trendafilov, J. B. Pendry, and A. Sarychev, “Guiding, focusing, and sensing on the subwavelength scale using metallic wire arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 053903 (2007).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  11. S. Kawata, A. Ono, and P. Verma, “Subwavelength colour imaging with a metallic nanolens,” Nature Photonics 2, 438–442 (2008).
    [Crossref]
  12. R. Zia, M. D. Selker, P. B. Catrysse, and M. L. Brongersma, “Geometries and materials for subwavelength surface plasmon modes,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 21, 2442–2446 (2004).
    [Crossref]
  13. Y. Kurokawa and H. T. Miyazaki, “Metal-insulator-metal plasmon nanocavities: Analysis of optical properties,” Phys. Rev. B 75, 035411 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  14. G. Veronis and S. Fan, “Modes of subwavelength plasmonic slot waveguides,” J. Lightwave Technol. 25, 2511–2521 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  15. K. S. Kunz and R. J. Luebbers, The finite difference time domain method for electromagnetics (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1993), Chap. 8.
  16. P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy, “Optical constants of the noble metals,” Phys. Rev. B 6, 4370–4379 (1972).
    [Crossref]
  17. E. S. Kooij and B. Poelsema, “Shape and size effects in the optical properties of metallic nanorods,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 8, 3349–3357 (2006).
    [Crossref]
  18. E. N. Economou, “Surface plasmons in thin films,” Phys. Rev. 182, 539–554 (1969).
    [Crossref]
  19. S. I. Bozhevolnyi and T. Søndergaard, “General properties of slow-plasmon resonant nanostructures: nano-antennas and resonators,” Opt. Express 15, 10869–10877 (2007), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-17-10869.
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  20. H. T. Miyazaki and Y. Kurokawa, “Squeezing visible light waves into a 3-nm-thick and 55-nm-long plasmon cavity,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 097401 (2006).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  21. J. Le Perchec, P. Quémerais, A. Barbara, and T. López-Ríos, “Why metallic surfaces with grooves a few nanometers deep and wide may strongly absorb visible light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 066408 (2008).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  22. E. Feigenbaum and M. Orenstein, “Modeling of complementary (void) plasmon waveguiding,” J. Lightwave Technol. 25, 2547–2562 (2007).
    [Crossref]
  23. G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  24. J. Yao, J. Tang, D. Wu, D. Sun, K. Xue, B. Ren, B. Mao, and Z. Tian, “Surface enhanced Raman scattering from transition metal nano-wire array and the theoretical consideration,” Surf. Sci. 514, 108–116 (2002).
    [Crossref]

2008 (2)

S. Kawata, A. Ono, and P. Verma, “Subwavelength colour imaging with a metallic nanolens,” Nature Photonics 2, 438–442 (2008).
[Crossref]

J. Le Perchec, P. Quémerais, A. Barbara, and T. López-Ríos, “Why metallic surfaces with grooves a few nanometers deep and wide may strongly absorb visible light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 066408 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2007 (7)

E. Feigenbaum and M. Orenstein, “Modeling of complementary (void) plasmon waveguiding,” J. Lightwave Technol. 25, 2547–2562 (2007).
[Crossref]

Y. Kurokawa and H. T. Miyazaki, “Metal-insulator-metal plasmon nanocavities: Analysis of optical properties,” Phys. Rev. B 75, 035411 (2007).
[Crossref]

G. Veronis and S. Fan, “Modes of subwavelength plasmonic slot waveguides,” J. Lightwave Technol. 25, 2511–2521 (2007).
[Crossref]

S. I. Bozhevolnyi and T. Søndergaard, “General properties of slow-plasmon resonant nanostructures: nano-antennas and resonators,” Opt. Express 15, 10869–10877 (2007), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-17-10869.
[Crossref] [PubMed]

I. I. Smolyaninov, Y. Hung, and C. C. Davis, “Magnifying superlens in the visible frequency range,” Science 315, 1699–1701 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Liu, H. Lee, Y. Xiong, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Far-field optical hyperlens magnifying sub-diffraction-limited objects,” Science 315, 1686 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Shvets, S. Trendafilov, J. B. Pendry, and A. Sarychev, “Guiding, focusing, and sensing on the subwavelength scale using metallic wire arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 053903 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2006 (5)

B. Wood, J. B. Pendry, and D. P. Tsai, “Directed subwavelength imaging using a layered metal-dielectric system,” Phys. Rev. B 74, 115116 (2006).
[Crossref]

Z. Jacob, L. V. Alekseyev, and E. Narimanov, “Optical hyperlens: Far-field imaging beyond the diffraction limit,” Opt. Express 14, 8247–8256 (2006), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-14-18-8247.
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Salandrino and N. Engheta, “Far-field subdiffraction optical microscopy using metamaterial crystals: Theory and simulations,” Phys. Rev. B 74, 075103 (2006).
[Crossref]

H. T. Miyazaki and Y. Kurokawa, “Squeezing visible light waves into a 3-nm-thick and 55-nm-long plasmon cavity,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 097401 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

E. S. Kooij and B. Poelsema, “Shape and size effects in the optical properties of metallic nanorods,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 8, 3349–3357 (2006).
[Crossref]

2005 (4)

N. Fang, H. Lee, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Sub-diffraction-limited optical imaging with a silver superlens,” Science 308, 534–537 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. O. S. Melville and R. J. Blaikie, “Super-resolution imaging through a planar silver layer,” Opt. Express 13, 2127–2134 (2005), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-13-6-2127.
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, “Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 267407 (2005).
[Crossref]

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

2004 (1)

2002 (1)

J. Yao, J. Tang, D. Wu, D. Sun, K. Xue, B. Ren, B. Mao, and Z. Tian, “Surface enhanced Raman scattering from transition metal nano-wire array and the theoretical consideration,” Surf. Sci. 514, 108–116 (2002).
[Crossref]

2000 (1)

J. B. Pendry, “Negative refraction makes a perfect lens,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3966–3969 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1972 (1)

P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy, “Optical constants of the noble metals,” Phys. Rev. B 6, 4370–4379 (1972).
[Crossref]

1969 (1)

E. N. Economou, “Surface plasmons in thin films,” Phys. Rev. 182, 539–554 (1969).
[Crossref]

Alekseyev, L. V.

Barbara, A.

J. Le Perchec, P. Quémerais, A. Barbara, and T. López-Ríos, “Why metallic surfaces with grooves a few nanometers deep and wide may strongly absorb visible light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 066408 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Blaikie, R. J.

Bozhevolnyi, S. I.

Brehm, G.

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

Brongersma, M. L.

Catrysse, P. B.

Choi, J.

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

Christy, R. W.

P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy, “Optical constants of the noble metals,” Phys. Rev. B 6, 4370–4379 (1972).
[Crossref]

Davis, C. C.

I. I. Smolyaninov, Y. Hung, and C. C. Davis, “Magnifying superlens in the visible frequency range,” Science 315, 1699–1701 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Economou, E. N.

E. N. Economou, “Surface plasmons in thin films,” Phys. Rev. 182, 539–554 (1969).
[Crossref]

Engheta, N.

A. Salandrino and N. Engheta, “Far-field subdiffraction optical microscopy using metamaterial crystals: Theory and simulations,” Phys. Rev. B 74, 075103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Fan, S.

Fang, N.

N. Fang, H. Lee, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Sub-diffraction-limited optical imaging with a silver superlens,” Science 308, 534–537 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Feigenbaum, E.

Göring, P.

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

Gösele, U.

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

Graener, H.

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

Hung, Y.

I. I. Smolyaninov, Y. Hung, and C. C. Davis, “Magnifying superlens in the visible frequency range,” Science 315, 1699–1701 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jacob, Z.

Johnson, P. B.

P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy, “Optical constants of the noble metals,” Phys. Rev. B 6, 4370–4379 (1972).
[Crossref]

Kato, J.

A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, “Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 267407 (2005).
[Crossref]

Kawata, S.

S. Kawata, A. Ono, and P. Verma, “Subwavelength colour imaging with a metallic nanolens,” Nature Photonics 2, 438–442 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, “Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 267407 (2005).
[Crossref]

Kooij, E. S.

E. S. Kooij and B. Poelsema, “Shape and size effects in the optical properties of metallic nanorods,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 8, 3349–3357 (2006).
[Crossref]

Kunz, K. S.

K. S. Kunz and R. J. Luebbers, The finite difference time domain method for electromagnetics (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1993), Chap. 8.

Kurokawa, Y.

Y. Kurokawa and H. T. Miyazaki, “Metal-insulator-metal plasmon nanocavities: Analysis of optical properties,” Phys. Rev. B 75, 035411 (2007).
[Crossref]

H. T. Miyazaki and Y. Kurokawa, “Squeezing visible light waves into a 3-nm-thick and 55-nm-long plasmon cavity,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 097401 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Le Perchec, J.

J. Le Perchec, P. Quémerais, A. Barbara, and T. López-Ríos, “Why metallic surfaces with grooves a few nanometers deep and wide may strongly absorb visible light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 066408 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lee, H.

Z. Liu, H. Lee, Y. Xiong, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Far-field optical hyperlens magnifying sub-diffraction-limited objects,” Science 315, 1686 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. Fang, H. Lee, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Sub-diffraction-limited optical imaging with a silver superlens,” Science 308, 534–537 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Liu, Z.

Z. Liu, H. Lee, Y. Xiong, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Far-field optical hyperlens magnifying sub-diffraction-limited objects,” Science 315, 1686 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

López-Ríos, T.

J. Le Perchec, P. Quémerais, A. Barbara, and T. López-Ríos, “Why metallic surfaces with grooves a few nanometers deep and wide may strongly absorb visible light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 066408 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Luebbers, R. J.

K. S. Kunz and R. J. Luebbers, The finite difference time domain method for electromagnetics (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1993), Chap. 8.

Mao, B.

J. Yao, J. Tang, D. Wu, D. Sun, K. Xue, B. Ren, B. Mao, and Z. Tian, “Surface enhanced Raman scattering from transition metal nano-wire array and the theoretical consideration,” Surf. Sci. 514, 108–116 (2002).
[Crossref]

Melville, D. O. S.

Miclea, P.

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

Miyazaki, H. T.

Y. Kurokawa and H. T. Miyazaki, “Metal-insulator-metal plasmon nanocavities: Analysis of optical properties,” Phys. Rev. B 75, 035411 (2007).
[Crossref]

H. T. Miyazaki and Y. Kurokawa, “Squeezing visible light waves into a 3-nm-thick and 55-nm-long plasmon cavity,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 097401 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Narimanov, E.

Nielsch, K.

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

Ono, A.

S. Kawata, A. Ono, and P. Verma, “Subwavelength colour imaging with a metallic nanolens,” Nature Photonics 2, 438–442 (2008).
[Crossref]

A. Ono, J. Kato, and S. Kawata, “Subwavelength optical imaging through a metallic nanorod array,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 267407 (2005).
[Crossref]

Orenstein, M.

Pendry, J. B.

G. Shvets, S. Trendafilov, J. B. Pendry, and A. Sarychev, “Guiding, focusing, and sensing on the subwavelength scale using metallic wire arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 053903 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Wood, J. B. Pendry, and D. P. Tsai, “Directed subwavelength imaging using a layered metal-dielectric system,” Phys. Rev. B 74, 115116 (2006).
[Crossref]

J. B. Pendry, “Negative refraction makes a perfect lens,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3966–3969 (2000).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Poelsema, B.

E. S. Kooij and B. Poelsema, “Shape and size effects in the optical properties of metallic nanorods,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 8, 3349–3357 (2006).
[Crossref]

Quémerais, P.

J. Le Perchec, P. Quémerais, A. Barbara, and T. López-Ríos, “Why metallic surfaces with grooves a few nanometers deep and wide may strongly absorb visible light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 066408 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ren, B.

J. Yao, J. Tang, D. Wu, D. Sun, K. Xue, B. Ren, B. Mao, and Z. Tian, “Surface enhanced Raman scattering from transition metal nano-wire array and the theoretical consideration,” Surf. Sci. 514, 108–116 (2002).
[Crossref]

Salandrino, A.

A. Salandrino and N. Engheta, “Far-field subdiffraction optical microscopy using metamaterial crystals: Theory and simulations,” Phys. Rev. B 74, 075103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Sarychev, A.

G. Shvets, S. Trendafilov, J. B. Pendry, and A. Sarychev, “Guiding, focusing, and sensing on the subwavelength scale using metallic wire arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 053903 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sauer, G.

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

Schneider, S.

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

Seifert, G.

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

Selker, M. D.

Shvets, G.

G. Shvets, S. Trendafilov, J. B. Pendry, and A. Sarychev, “Guiding, focusing, and sensing on the subwavelength scale using metallic wire arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 053903 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Smolyaninov, I. I.

I. I. Smolyaninov, Y. Hung, and C. C. Davis, “Magnifying superlens in the visible frequency range,” Science 315, 1699–1701 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Søndergaard, T.

Sun, C.

Z. Liu, H. Lee, Y. Xiong, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Far-field optical hyperlens magnifying sub-diffraction-limited objects,” Science 315, 1686 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. Fang, H. Lee, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Sub-diffraction-limited optical imaging with a silver superlens,” Science 308, 534–537 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sun, D.

J. Yao, J. Tang, D. Wu, D. Sun, K. Xue, B. Ren, B. Mao, and Z. Tian, “Surface enhanced Raman scattering from transition metal nano-wire array and the theoretical consideration,” Surf. Sci. 514, 108–116 (2002).
[Crossref]

Tang, J.

J. Yao, J. Tang, D. Wu, D. Sun, K. Xue, B. Ren, B. Mao, and Z. Tian, “Surface enhanced Raman scattering from transition metal nano-wire array and the theoretical consideration,” Surf. Sci. 514, 108–116 (2002).
[Crossref]

Tian, Z.

J. Yao, J. Tang, D. Wu, D. Sun, K. Xue, B. Ren, B. Mao, and Z. Tian, “Surface enhanced Raman scattering from transition metal nano-wire array and the theoretical consideration,” Surf. Sci. 514, 108–116 (2002).
[Crossref]

Trendafilov, S.

G. Shvets, S. Trendafilov, J. B. Pendry, and A. Sarychev, “Guiding, focusing, and sensing on the subwavelength scale using metallic wire arrays,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 053903 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tsai, D. P.

B. Wood, J. B. Pendry, and D. P. Tsai, “Directed subwavelength imaging using a layered metal-dielectric system,” Phys. Rev. B 74, 115116 (2006).
[Crossref]

Verma, P.

S. Kawata, A. Ono, and P. Verma, “Subwavelength colour imaging with a metallic nanolens,” Nature Photonics 2, 438–442 (2008).
[Crossref]

Veronis, G.

Wehrspohn, R. B.

G. Sauer, G. Brehm, S. Schneider, H. Graener, G. Seifert, K. Nielsch, J. Choi, P. Göring, U. Gösele, P. Miclea, and R. B. Wehrspohn, “In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of monodisperse silver nanowire arrays,” J. Appl. Phys. 97, 024308 (2005).
[Crossref]

Wood, B.

B. Wood, J. B. Pendry, and D. P. Tsai, “Directed subwavelength imaging using a layered metal-dielectric system,” Phys. Rev. B 74, 115116 (2006).
[Crossref]

Wu, D.

J. Yao, J. Tang, D. Wu, D. Sun, K. Xue, B. Ren, B. Mao, and Z. Tian, “Surface enhanced Raman scattering from transition metal nano-wire array and the theoretical consideration,” Surf. Sci. 514, 108–116 (2002).
[Crossref]

Xiong, Y.

Z. Liu, H. Lee, Y. Xiong, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Far-field optical hyperlens magnifying sub-diffraction-limited objects,” Science 315, 1686 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Xue, K.

J. Yao, J. Tang, D. Wu, D. Sun, K. Xue, B. Ren, B. Mao, and Z. Tian, “Surface enhanced Raman scattering from transition metal nano-wire array and the theoretical consideration,” Surf. Sci. 514, 108–116 (2002).
[Crossref]

Yao, J.

J. Yao, J. Tang, D. Wu, D. Sun, K. Xue, B. Ren, B. Mao, and Z. Tian, “Surface enhanced Raman scattering from transition metal nano-wire array and the theoretical consideration,” Surf. Sci. 514, 108–116 (2002).
[Crossref]

Zhang, X.

Z. Liu, H. Lee, Y. Xiong, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Far-field optical hyperlens magnifying sub-diffraction-limited objects,” Science 315, 1686 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. Fang, H. Lee, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, “Sub-diffraction-limited optical imaging with a silver superlens,” Science 308, 534–537 (2005).
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Figures (6)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Geometries of the transverse cross sections of the (a) Au-SiO2-Au nanorod and (b) Au nanorod.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a) Distribution of electric field magnitude of the 4th order symmetric resonance mode in the x-z plane of a 172.5-nm-long MIM nanorod excited by an x-polarized dipole source on the central line and 5 nm away from the left end of the rod. (b) Real-time distribution of electric field vector in the dashed rectangle in (a) with the arrows denoting the magnitude (logarithmic scale) and the direction. (c) Same as (a) but for a 790-nm-long Au nanorod with a z-polarized dipole. (d) Same as (b) but in the dashed rectangle in (c). The arrows in (a) and (c) denote the positions of the second wave loop of the E z standing wave of the MIM rod and Au rod, respectively.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. (a) and (b) Distributions of ∣E z∣ in the cross sections at the positions denoted by the arrow in Figs. 2(a) and 2(c), respectively. (c) ∣E z∣ profiles on the dashed lines, L1, L2 and L3, in (a) and (b). The curves are rescaled so that the ∣E z∣ values at the rod edges are equal to 1 for comparison.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Distributions of electric field magnitude of two parallel nanorods with only one dipole source located 5 nm away from the left end of the upper rod in the plane across the central lines of the two rods. The arrangement patterns are shown by the top-views of the two rods on the left side, respectively. (a) For two MIM rods with a separation of 20 nm; (b) for two Au rods with a separation of 120 nm.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Subwavelength imaging through nanorod arrays. (a) Configuration of a MIM array, which is a tetragonal arrangement with a pitch of 45 nm. Twelve x-polarized and in-phase dipoles are located 5 nm under the array with each one on the central line of a rod and shaped as the letter “P”. (b)–(e) Intensity distributions in cross sections of the array in (a), which are at the bottom and the top of the array, 10 nm and 20 nm above the array, respectively. (f)–(g) Same as (c)–(d), respectively, but with a pitch of 40 nm. (h)–(i) Same as (c)–(d), respectively, but with a pitch of 35 nm. (j) Same as (c) but for an Au nanorod array with a pitch of 145 nm and the dipoles are z-polarized.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. (a) SP wavelength, (b) SP propagation length and (c) mode area at the free-space excitation wavelength of 830 nm versus the thickness of the SiO2 layer with other parameters as in Fig. 1(a).

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