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Enhancement of optical transmission with random nanohole structures

Jaesung Son, Lalit Kumar Verma, Aaron James Danner, Charanjit Singh Bhatia, and Hyunsoo Yang

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We demonstrate an enhancement of optical transmission by creating randomly distributed nanoholes in a glass surface using a simple bottom-up fabrication process. V-shaped holes with sub-100 nm diameter are created by anodized aluminum oxide template and dry etching on glass substrates. The broadband and omnidirectional antireflective effect of the proposed nanostructures is confirmed by measuring the transmittance of the patterned glasses, leading to 3% better transmission. Subsequently, the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage of a solar cell with nanostructures are enhanced by 3-4%, improving the solar cell efficiency from 10.47% to 11.20% after two weeks of outdoor testing.

©2010 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Schematic illustration of the process for preparing AR structures.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 SEM images of the AAO nanohole structures formed by different pore widening conditions, leading to various diameters of 51.5 (a), 66.8 (b), 74 (c), and 85.6 nm (d).

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) SEM images of glass surface after etching for 4 min. AAO pattern is formed with 50 min of pore widening time and removed after etching (inset: size distribution of nanoholes on glass). (b) 45° oblique view of etched pattern in glass substrate.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) Optical transmittance of patterned glass at normal incidence for different diameters adjusted by pore widening time from 50 to 80 min followed by 4 min of etching. The bare glass data is shown as a reference. (b) Transmittance comparison for different hole depths etched for 1 to 5 min. Pore widening time is 60 min. (c) Transmission comparison between the experimental data (symbols) and the simulated data (lines) of the optimal AR structure. (d) Incident angle dependence of transmittance (inset: the schematic illustration of a simulated structure).

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 (a) Transmittance comparison after 2 weeks of outdoor testing. (b) Current-voltage characteristics of solar cells without and with the nanostructured glass.

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Tables (1)

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Table 1 Mean diameters, standard deviations of diameters, and filling fraction of holes at the top surface of AAO layers for different pore widening times in Fig. 2

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