Abstract

Abstract: The white light emission of Tm3+/Yb3+/Ho3+-doped GdVO4 nanocrystals, following excitation with near-infrared light (λexc = 980 nm), via a multiphoton upconversion process is presented. Upconverted blue emission from the Tm3+ ions as well as green/red emissions from the Ho3+ ions contributes to the observed white light. The calculated Commission internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) color coordinates were calculated to be x = 0.34; y = 0.32 and lie at the center of the white region. Furthermore, the intensity of the upconverted white light was enhanced by the incorporation of monovalent Li+ ions into the GdVO4 matrix. An explanation for this enhancement is proposed based on X-ray diffraction and fluorescence lifetime measurements.

©2011 Optical Society of America

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  18. F. Xiao, Y. N. Xue, and Q. Y. Zhang, “Warm white light from Y4MgSi3O13:Bi3+, Eu3+ nanophosphor for white light-emitting diodes,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 74(2), 498–501 (2009).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
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    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref]
  24. J. Yang, C. Zhang, C. Peng, C. Li, L. Wang, R. Chai, and J. Lin, “Controllable red, green, blue (RGB) and bright white upconversion luminescence of Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals through single laser excitation at 980 nm,” Chemistry 15(18), 4649–4655 (2009).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  25. F. Wang, R. Deng, J. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Han, H. Zhu, X. Chen, and X. Liu, “Tuning upconversion through energy migration in core-shell nanoparticles,” Nat. Mater. 10(12), 968–973 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  26. Y. Bai, Y. Wang, K. Yang, X. Zhang, G. Peng, Y. Song, Z. Pan, and C. H. Wang, “The effect of Li on the spectrum of Er3+ in Li- and Er-codoped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(32), 12259–12263 (2008).
    [Crossref]
  27. G. Chen, H. Liu, H. Liang, G. Somesfalean, and Z. Zhang, “Upconversion emission enhancement in Yb3+/Er3+-codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals by tridoping with Li+ ions,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(31), 12030–12036 (2008).
    [Crossref]
  28. H. H. Yang, H. Cheng, Y. G. Tang, and Z. G. Lu, “Photoluminescence enhancement of (La0.95Eu0.05)2Ti2O7 nanophosphors via Li+ doping,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92(4), 931–933 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  29. M. Pollnau, D. R. Gamelin, S. R. Lüthi, H. U. Güdel, and M. P. Hehlen, “Power dependence of upconversion luminescence in lanthanide and transition-metal-ion systems,” Phys. Rev. B 61(5), 3337–3346 (2000).
    [Crossref]
  30. Y. Bai, K. Yang, Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, and Y. Song, “Enhancement of the upconversion photoluminescence intensity in Li+ and Er3+ codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Opt. Commun. 281(10), 2930–2932 (2008).
    [Crossref]
  31. G. Y. Chen, H. C. Liu, G. Somesfalean, Y. Q. Sheng, H. J. Liang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Enhancement of the upconversion radiation in Y2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals by codoping with Li+ ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(11), 113114 (2008).
    [Crossref]

2011 (2)

M. Haase and H. Schäfer, “Upconverting nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 50(26), 5808–5829 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Wang, R. Deng, J. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Han, H. Zhu, X. Chen, and X. Liu, “Tuning upconversion through energy migration in core-shell nanoparticles,” Nat. Mater. 10(12), 968–973 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2009 (7)

H. H. Yang, H. Cheng, Y. G. Tang, and Z. G. Lu, “Photoluminescence enhancement of (La0.95Eu0.05)2Ti2O7 nanophosphors via Li+ doping,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92(4), 931–933 (2009).
[Crossref]

J. Yang, C. Zhang, C. Peng, C. Li, L. Wang, R. Chai, and J. Lin, “Controllable red, green, blue (RGB) and bright white upconversion luminescence of Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals through single laser excitation at 980 nm,” Chemistry 15(18), 4649–4655 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

W. J. Kim, M. Nyk, and P. N. Prasad, “Color-coded multilayer photopatterned microstructures using lanthanide (III) ion co-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles with upconversion luminescence for possible applications in security,” Nanotechnology 20(18), 185301 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. Bedekar, D. P. Dutta, M. Mohapatra, S. V. Godbole, R. Ghildiyal, and A. K. Tyagi, “Rare-earth doped gadolinia based phosphors for potential multicolor and white light emitting deep UV LEDs,” Nanotechnology 20(12), 125707 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Datta and A. Patra, “Bright white light emission from In2S3: Eu3+ nanoparticles,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 42(14), 145116 (2009).
[Crossref]

G. Sinha and A. Patra, “Generation of green, red and white light from rare-earth doped Ga2O3 nanoparticles,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 473(1-3), 151–154 (2009).
[Crossref]

F. Xiao, Y. N. Xue, and Q. Y. Zhang, “Warm white light from Y4MgSi3O13:Bi3+, Eu3+ nanophosphor for white light-emitting diodes,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 74(2), 498–501 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2008 (11)

M. Nyk, R. Kumar, T. Y. Ohulchanskyy, E. J. Bergey, and P. N. Prasad, “High contrast in vitro and in vivo photoluminescence bioimaging using near infrared to near infrared up-conversion in Tm3+ and Yb3+ doped fluoride nanophosphors,” Nano Lett. 8(11), 3834–3838 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Su, G. Li, X. Chen, J. Liu, and L. Li, “Hydrothermal synthesis of GdVO4:Ho3+ nanorods with a novel white - light emission,” Chem. Lett. 37(7), 762–763 (2008).
[Crossref]

D. K. Chatterjee, A. J. Rufaihah, and Y. Zhang, “Upconversion fluorescence imaging of cells and small animals using lanthanide doped nanocrystals,” Biomaterials 29(7), 937–943 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Vetrone and J. A. Capobianco, “Lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles: luminescence, upconversion, and biological applications,” Int. J. Nanotechnol. 5(9/10/11/12), 1306–1339 (2008).
[Crossref]

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

V. Mahalingam, F. Mangiarini, F. Vetrone, V. Venkatramu, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and J. A. Capobianco, “Bright white upconversion emission from Tm3+/Yb3+/Er3+-doped Lu3Ga5O12 nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(46), 17745–17749 (2008).
[Crossref]

F. Wang and X. Liu, “Upconversion multicolor fine-tuning: visible to near-infrared emission from lanthanide-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130(17), 5642–5643 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Bai, K. Yang, Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, and Y. Song, “Enhancement of the upconversion photoluminescence intensity in Li+ and Er3+ codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Opt. Commun. 281(10), 2930–2932 (2008).
[Crossref]

G. Y. Chen, H. C. Liu, G. Somesfalean, Y. Q. Sheng, H. J. Liang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Enhancement of the upconversion radiation in Y2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals by codoping with Li+ ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(11), 113114 (2008).
[Crossref]

Y. Bai, Y. Wang, K. Yang, X. Zhang, G. Peng, Y. Song, Z. Pan, and C. H. Wang, “The effect of Li on the spectrum of Er3+ in Li- and Er-codoped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(32), 12259–12263 (2008).
[Crossref]

G. Chen, H. Liu, H. Liang, G. Somesfalean, and Z. Zhang, “Upconversion emission enhancement in Yb3+/Er3+-codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals by tridoping with Li+ ions,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(31), 12030–12036 (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (3)

Z. H. Zhang, Y. H. Wang, X. X. Li, Y. K. Du, and W. J. Liu, “Photoluminescence degradation and color shift studies of annealed BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ phosphor,” J. Lumin. 122–123, 1003–1005 (2007).
[Crossref]

X. Yang, S. Xiao, J. W. Ding, and X. H. Yan, “Efficient up-converted white emission in Er3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+ tridoped NaYF4 powders,” J. Mater. Sci. 42(16), 7042–7045 (2007).
[Crossref]

G. Y. Chen, Y. Liu, Y. G. Zhang, G. Somesfalean, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Bright white upconversion luminescence in rare-earth-ion-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(13), 133103 (2007).
[Crossref]

2006 (3)

S. F. Lim, R. Riehn, W. S. Ryu, N. Khanarian, C. K. Tung, D. Tank, and R. H. Austin, “In vivo and scanning electron microscopy imaging of up-converting nanophosphors in Caenorhabditis elegans,” Nano Lett. 6(2), 169–174 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Moine and G. Bizarri, “Degradation mechanism of phosphors by vacuum ultraviolet excitation,” Opt. Mater. 28(6-7), 587–591 (2006).
[Crossref]

R. Lisiecki, P. Solarz, G. Dominiak-Dzik, W. Ryba-Romanowski, M. Sobczyk, P. Černý, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková, Y. Urata, and M. Higuchi, “Comparative optical study of thulium-doped YVO4, GdVO4, and LuVO4 single crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 74(3), 035103 (2006).
[Crossref]

2005 (1)

L. Wang, R. Yan, Z. Huo, L. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Bao, X. Wang, Q. Peng, and Y. Li, “Fluorescence resonant energy transfer biosensor based on upconversion-luminescent nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44(37), 6054–6057 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2003 (1)

V. Buissette, A. Huignard, T. Gacoin, J.-P. Boilot, P. Aschehoug, and B. Viana, “Luminescence properties of YVO4:Ln (Ln=Nd, Yb, and Yb–Er) nanoparticles,” Surf. Sci. 532–535, 444–449 (2003).
[Crossref]

2000 (1)

M. Pollnau, D. R. Gamelin, S. R. Lüthi, H. U. Güdel, and M. P. Hehlen, “Power dependence of upconversion luminescence in lanthanide and transition-metal-ion systems,” Phys. Rev. B 61(5), 3337–3346 (2000).
[Crossref]

Aschehoug, P.

V. Buissette, A. Huignard, T. Gacoin, J.-P. Boilot, P. Aschehoug, and B. Viana, “Luminescence properties of YVO4:Ln (Ln=Nd, Yb, and Yb–Er) nanoparticles,” Surf. Sci. 532–535, 444–449 (2003).
[Crossref]

Austin, R. H.

S. F. Lim, R. Riehn, W. S. Ryu, N. Khanarian, C. K. Tung, D. Tank, and R. H. Austin, “In vivo and scanning electron microscopy imaging of up-converting nanophosphors in Caenorhabditis elegans,” Nano Lett. 6(2), 169–174 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bai, X.

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

Bai, Y.

Y. Bai, Y. Wang, K. Yang, X. Zhang, G. Peng, Y. Song, Z. Pan, and C. H. Wang, “The effect of Li on the spectrum of Er3+ in Li- and Er-codoped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(32), 12259–12263 (2008).
[Crossref]

Y. Bai, K. Yang, Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, and Y. Song, “Enhancement of the upconversion photoluminescence intensity in Li+ and Er3+ codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Opt. Commun. 281(10), 2930–2932 (2008).
[Crossref]

Bao, J.

L. Wang, R. Yan, Z. Huo, L. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Bao, X. Wang, Q. Peng, and Y. Li, “Fluorescence resonant energy transfer biosensor based on upconversion-luminescent nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44(37), 6054–6057 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bedekar, V.

V. Bedekar, D. P. Dutta, M. Mohapatra, S. V. Godbole, R. Ghildiyal, and A. K. Tyagi, “Rare-earth doped gadolinia based phosphors for potential multicolor and white light emitting deep UV LEDs,” Nanotechnology 20(12), 125707 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bergey, E. J.

M. Nyk, R. Kumar, T. Y. Ohulchanskyy, E. J. Bergey, and P. N. Prasad, “High contrast in vitro and in vivo photoluminescence bioimaging using near infrared to near infrared up-conversion in Tm3+ and Yb3+ doped fluoride nanophosphors,” Nano Lett. 8(11), 3834–3838 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bettinelli, M.

V. Mahalingam, F. Mangiarini, F. Vetrone, V. Venkatramu, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and J. A. Capobianco, “Bright white upconversion emission from Tm3+/Yb3+/Er3+-doped Lu3Ga5O12 nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(46), 17745–17749 (2008).
[Crossref]

Bizarri, G.

B. Moine and G. Bizarri, “Degradation mechanism of phosphors by vacuum ultraviolet excitation,” Opt. Mater. 28(6-7), 587–591 (2006).
[Crossref]

Boilot, J.-P.

V. Buissette, A. Huignard, T. Gacoin, J.-P. Boilot, P. Aschehoug, and B. Viana, “Luminescence properties of YVO4:Ln (Ln=Nd, Yb, and Yb–Er) nanoparticles,” Surf. Sci. 532–535, 444–449 (2003).
[Crossref]

Buissette, V.

V. Buissette, A. Huignard, T. Gacoin, J.-P. Boilot, P. Aschehoug, and B. Viana, “Luminescence properties of YVO4:Ln (Ln=Nd, Yb, and Yb–Er) nanoparticles,” Surf. Sci. 532–535, 444–449 (2003).
[Crossref]

Capobianco, J. A.

V. Mahalingam, F. Mangiarini, F. Vetrone, V. Venkatramu, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and J. A. Capobianco, “Bright white upconversion emission from Tm3+/Yb3+/Er3+-doped Lu3Ga5O12 nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(46), 17745–17749 (2008).
[Crossref]

F. Vetrone and J. A. Capobianco, “Lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles: luminescence, upconversion, and biological applications,” Int. J. Nanotechnol. 5(9/10/11/12), 1306–1339 (2008).
[Crossref]

Cerný, P.

R. Lisiecki, P. Solarz, G. Dominiak-Dzik, W. Ryba-Romanowski, M. Sobczyk, P. Černý, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková, Y. Urata, and M. Higuchi, “Comparative optical study of thulium-doped YVO4, GdVO4, and LuVO4 single crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 74(3), 035103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Chai, R.

J. Yang, C. Zhang, C. Peng, C. Li, L. Wang, R. Chai, and J. Lin, “Controllable red, green, blue (RGB) and bright white upconversion luminescence of Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals through single laser excitation at 980 nm,” Chemistry 15(18), 4649–4655 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chatterjee, D. K.

D. K. Chatterjee, A. J. Rufaihah, and Y. Zhang, “Upconversion fluorescence imaging of cells and small animals using lanthanide doped nanocrystals,” Biomaterials 29(7), 937–943 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chen, G.

G. Chen, H. Liu, H. Liang, G. Somesfalean, and Z. Zhang, “Upconversion emission enhancement in Yb3+/Er3+-codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals by tridoping with Li+ ions,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(31), 12030–12036 (2008).
[Crossref]

Chen, G. Y.

G. Y. Chen, H. C. Liu, G. Somesfalean, Y. Q. Sheng, H. J. Liang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Enhancement of the upconversion radiation in Y2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals by codoping with Li+ ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(11), 113114 (2008).
[Crossref]

G. Y. Chen, Y. Liu, Y. G. Zhang, G. Somesfalean, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Bright white upconversion luminescence in rare-earth-ion-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(13), 133103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Chen, X.

F. Wang, R. Deng, J. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Han, H. Zhu, X. Chen, and X. Liu, “Tuning upconversion through energy migration in core-shell nanoparticles,” Nat. Mater. 10(12), 968–973 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Su, G. Li, X. Chen, J. Liu, and L. Li, “Hydrothermal synthesis of GdVO4:Ho3+ nanorods with a novel white - light emission,” Chem. Lett. 37(7), 762–763 (2008).
[Crossref]

Cheng, H.

H. H. Yang, H. Cheng, Y. G. Tang, and Z. G. Lu, “Photoluminescence enhancement of (La0.95Eu0.05)2Ti2O7 nanophosphors via Li+ doping,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92(4), 931–933 (2009).
[Crossref]

Datta, A.

A. Datta and A. Patra, “Bright white light emission from In2S3: Eu3+ nanoparticles,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 42(14), 145116 (2009).
[Crossref]

Deng, R.

F. Wang, R. Deng, J. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Han, H. Zhu, X. Chen, and X. Liu, “Tuning upconversion through energy migration in core-shell nanoparticles,” Nat. Mater. 10(12), 968–973 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ding, J. W.

X. Yang, S. Xiao, J. W. Ding, and X. H. Yan, “Efficient up-converted white emission in Er3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+ tridoped NaYF4 powders,” J. Mater. Sci. 42(16), 7042–7045 (2007).
[Crossref]

Dominiak-Dzik, G.

R. Lisiecki, P. Solarz, G. Dominiak-Dzik, W. Ryba-Romanowski, M. Sobczyk, P. Černý, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková, Y. Urata, and M. Higuchi, “Comparative optical study of thulium-doped YVO4, GdVO4, and LuVO4 single crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 74(3), 035103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Dong, B.

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

Du, Y. K.

Z. H. Zhang, Y. H. Wang, X. X. Li, Y. K. Du, and W. J. Liu, “Photoluminescence degradation and color shift studies of annealed BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ phosphor,” J. Lumin. 122–123, 1003–1005 (2007).
[Crossref]

Dutta, D. P.

V. Bedekar, D. P. Dutta, M. Mohapatra, S. V. Godbole, R. Ghildiyal, and A. K. Tyagi, “Rare-earth doped gadolinia based phosphors for potential multicolor and white light emitting deep UV LEDs,” Nanotechnology 20(12), 125707 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fan, L.

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

Gacoin, T.

V. Buissette, A. Huignard, T. Gacoin, J.-P. Boilot, P. Aschehoug, and B. Viana, “Luminescence properties of YVO4:Ln (Ln=Nd, Yb, and Yb–Er) nanoparticles,” Surf. Sci. 532–535, 444–449 (2003).
[Crossref]

Gamelin, D. R.

M. Pollnau, D. R. Gamelin, S. R. Lüthi, H. U. Güdel, and M. P. Hehlen, “Power dependence of upconversion luminescence in lanthanide and transition-metal-ion systems,” Phys. Rev. B 61(5), 3337–3346 (2000).
[Crossref]

Ghildiyal, R.

V. Bedekar, D. P. Dutta, M. Mohapatra, S. V. Godbole, R. Ghildiyal, and A. K. Tyagi, “Rare-earth doped gadolinia based phosphors for potential multicolor and white light emitting deep UV LEDs,” Nanotechnology 20(12), 125707 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Godbole, S. V.

V. Bedekar, D. P. Dutta, M. Mohapatra, S. V. Godbole, R. Ghildiyal, and A. K. Tyagi, “Rare-earth doped gadolinia based phosphors for potential multicolor and white light emitting deep UV LEDs,” Nanotechnology 20(12), 125707 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Güdel, H. U.

M. Pollnau, D. R. Gamelin, S. R. Lüthi, H. U. Güdel, and M. P. Hehlen, “Power dependence of upconversion luminescence in lanthanide and transition-metal-ion systems,” Phys. Rev. B 61(5), 3337–3346 (2000).
[Crossref]

Haase, M.

M. Haase and H. Schäfer, “Upconverting nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 50(26), 5808–5829 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Han, Y.

F. Wang, R. Deng, J. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Han, H. Zhu, X. Chen, and X. Liu, “Tuning upconversion through energy migration in core-shell nanoparticles,” Nat. Mater. 10(12), 968–973 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hehlen, M. P.

M. Pollnau, D. R. Gamelin, S. R. Lüthi, H. U. Güdel, and M. P. Hehlen, “Power dependence of upconversion luminescence in lanthanide and transition-metal-ion systems,” Phys. Rev. B 61(5), 3337–3346 (2000).
[Crossref]

Higuchi, M.

R. Lisiecki, P. Solarz, G. Dominiak-Dzik, W. Ryba-Romanowski, M. Sobczyk, P. Černý, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková, Y. Urata, and M. Higuchi, “Comparative optical study of thulium-doped YVO4, GdVO4, and LuVO4 single crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 74(3), 035103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Huignard, A.

V. Buissette, A. Huignard, T. Gacoin, J.-P. Boilot, P. Aschehoug, and B. Viana, “Luminescence properties of YVO4:Ln (Ln=Nd, Yb, and Yb–Er) nanoparticles,” Surf. Sci. 532–535, 444–449 (2003).
[Crossref]

Huo, Z.

L. Wang, R. Yan, Z. Huo, L. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Bao, X. Wang, Q. Peng, and Y. Li, “Fluorescence resonant energy transfer biosensor based on upconversion-luminescent nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44(37), 6054–6057 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jelínková, H.

R. Lisiecki, P. Solarz, G. Dominiak-Dzik, W. Ryba-Romanowski, M. Sobczyk, P. Černý, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková, Y. Urata, and M. Higuchi, “Comparative optical study of thulium-doped YVO4, GdVO4, and LuVO4 single crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 74(3), 035103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Khanarian, N.

S. F. Lim, R. Riehn, W. S. Ryu, N. Khanarian, C. K. Tung, D. Tank, and R. H. Austin, “In vivo and scanning electron microscopy imaging of up-converting nanophosphors in Caenorhabditis elegans,” Nano Lett. 6(2), 169–174 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kim, W. J.

W. J. Kim, M. Nyk, and P. N. Prasad, “Color-coded multilayer photopatterned microstructures using lanthanide (III) ion co-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles with upconversion luminescence for possible applications in security,” Nanotechnology 20(18), 185301 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kumar, R.

M. Nyk, R. Kumar, T. Y. Ohulchanskyy, E. J. Bergey, and P. N. Prasad, “High contrast in vitro and in vivo photoluminescence bioimaging using near infrared to near infrared up-conversion in Tm3+ and Yb3+ doped fluoride nanophosphors,” Nano Lett. 8(11), 3834–3838 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Li, C.

J. Yang, C. Zhang, C. Peng, C. Li, L. Wang, R. Chai, and J. Lin, “Controllable red, green, blue (RGB) and bright white upconversion luminescence of Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals through single laser excitation at 980 nm,” Chemistry 15(18), 4649–4655 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Li, G.

Y. Su, G. Li, X. Chen, J. Liu, and L. Li, “Hydrothermal synthesis of GdVO4:Ho3+ nanorods with a novel white - light emission,” Chem. Lett. 37(7), 762–763 (2008).
[Crossref]

Li, L.

Y. Su, G. Li, X. Chen, J. Liu, and L. Li, “Hydrothermal synthesis of GdVO4:Ho3+ nanorods with a novel white - light emission,” Chem. Lett. 37(7), 762–763 (2008).
[Crossref]

Li, X. X.

Z. H. Zhang, Y. H. Wang, X. X. Li, Y. K. Du, and W. J. Liu, “Photoluminescence degradation and color shift studies of annealed BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ phosphor,” J. Lumin. 122–123, 1003–1005 (2007).
[Crossref]

Li, Y.

L. Wang, R. Yan, Z. Huo, L. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Bao, X. Wang, Q. Peng, and Y. Li, “Fluorescence resonant energy transfer biosensor based on upconversion-luminescent nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44(37), 6054–6057 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Liang, H.

G. Chen, H. Liu, H. Liang, G. Somesfalean, and Z. Zhang, “Upconversion emission enhancement in Yb3+/Er3+-codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals by tridoping with Li+ ions,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(31), 12030–12036 (2008).
[Crossref]

Liang, H. J.

G. Y. Chen, H. C. Liu, G. Somesfalean, Y. Q. Sheng, H. J. Liang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Enhancement of the upconversion radiation in Y2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals by codoping with Li+ ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(11), 113114 (2008).
[Crossref]

Lim, S. F.

S. F. Lim, R. Riehn, W. S. Ryu, N. Khanarian, C. K. Tung, D. Tank, and R. H. Austin, “In vivo and scanning electron microscopy imaging of up-converting nanophosphors in Caenorhabditis elegans,” Nano Lett. 6(2), 169–174 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lin, J.

J. Yang, C. Zhang, C. Peng, C. Li, L. Wang, R. Chai, and J. Lin, “Controllable red, green, blue (RGB) and bright white upconversion luminescence of Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals through single laser excitation at 980 nm,” Chemistry 15(18), 4649–4655 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lisiecki, R.

R. Lisiecki, P. Solarz, G. Dominiak-Dzik, W. Ryba-Romanowski, M. Sobczyk, P. Černý, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková, Y. Urata, and M. Higuchi, “Comparative optical study of thulium-doped YVO4, GdVO4, and LuVO4 single crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 74(3), 035103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Liu, H.

G. Chen, H. Liu, H. Liang, G. Somesfalean, and Z. Zhang, “Upconversion emission enhancement in Yb3+/Er3+-codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals by tridoping with Li+ ions,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(31), 12030–12036 (2008).
[Crossref]

Liu, H. C.

G. Y. Chen, H. C. Liu, G. Somesfalean, Y. Q. Sheng, H. J. Liang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Enhancement of the upconversion radiation in Y2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals by codoping with Li+ ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(11), 113114 (2008).
[Crossref]

Liu, J.

Y. Su, G. Li, X. Chen, J. Liu, and L. Li, “Hydrothermal synthesis of GdVO4:Ho3+ nanorods with a novel white - light emission,” Chem. Lett. 37(7), 762–763 (2008).
[Crossref]

Liu, W. J.

Z. H. Zhang, Y. H. Wang, X. X. Li, Y. K. Du, and W. J. Liu, “Photoluminescence degradation and color shift studies of annealed BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ phosphor,” J. Lumin. 122–123, 1003–1005 (2007).
[Crossref]

Liu, X.

F. Wang, R. Deng, J. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Han, H. Zhu, X. Chen, and X. Liu, “Tuning upconversion through energy migration in core-shell nanoparticles,” Nat. Mater. 10(12), 968–973 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Wang and X. Liu, “Upconversion multicolor fine-tuning: visible to near-infrared emission from lanthanide-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130(17), 5642–5643 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Liu, Y.

G. Y. Chen, Y. Liu, Y. G. Zhang, G. Somesfalean, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Bright white upconversion luminescence in rare-earth-ion-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(13), 133103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Lu, S.

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

Lu, Z. G.

H. H. Yang, H. Cheng, Y. G. Tang, and Z. G. Lu, “Photoluminescence enhancement of (La0.95Eu0.05)2Ti2O7 nanophosphors via Li+ doping,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92(4), 931–933 (2009).
[Crossref]

Lüthi, S. R.

M. Pollnau, D. R. Gamelin, S. R. Lüthi, H. U. Güdel, and M. P. Hehlen, “Power dependence of upconversion luminescence in lanthanide and transition-metal-ion systems,” Phys. Rev. B 61(5), 3337–3346 (2000).
[Crossref]

Mahalingam, V.

V. Mahalingam, F. Mangiarini, F. Vetrone, V. Venkatramu, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and J. A. Capobianco, “Bright white upconversion emission from Tm3+/Yb3+/Er3+-doped Lu3Ga5O12 nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(46), 17745–17749 (2008).
[Crossref]

Mangiarini, F.

V. Mahalingam, F. Mangiarini, F. Vetrone, V. Venkatramu, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and J. A. Capobianco, “Bright white upconversion emission from Tm3+/Yb3+/Er3+-doped Lu3Ga5O12 nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(46), 17745–17749 (2008).
[Crossref]

Mohapatra, M.

V. Bedekar, D. P. Dutta, M. Mohapatra, S. V. Godbole, R. Ghildiyal, and A. K. Tyagi, “Rare-earth doped gadolinia based phosphors for potential multicolor and white light emitting deep UV LEDs,” Nanotechnology 20(12), 125707 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Moine, B.

B. Moine and G. Bizarri, “Degradation mechanism of phosphors by vacuum ultraviolet excitation,” Opt. Mater. 28(6-7), 587–591 (2006).
[Crossref]

Nyk, M.

W. J. Kim, M. Nyk, and P. N. Prasad, “Color-coded multilayer photopatterned microstructures using lanthanide (III) ion co-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles with upconversion luminescence for possible applications in security,” Nanotechnology 20(18), 185301 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Nyk, R. Kumar, T. Y. Ohulchanskyy, E. J. Bergey, and P. N. Prasad, “High contrast in vitro and in vivo photoluminescence bioimaging using near infrared to near infrared up-conversion in Tm3+ and Yb3+ doped fluoride nanophosphors,” Nano Lett. 8(11), 3834–3838 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ohulchanskyy, T. Y.

M. Nyk, R. Kumar, T. Y. Ohulchanskyy, E. J. Bergey, and P. N. Prasad, “High contrast in vitro and in vivo photoluminescence bioimaging using near infrared to near infrared up-conversion in Tm3+ and Yb3+ doped fluoride nanophosphors,” Nano Lett. 8(11), 3834–3838 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pan, G.

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

Pan, Z.

Y. Bai, Y. Wang, K. Yang, X. Zhang, G. Peng, Y. Song, Z. Pan, and C. H. Wang, “The effect of Li on the spectrum of Er3+ in Li- and Er-codoped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(32), 12259–12263 (2008).
[Crossref]

Patra, A.

G. Sinha and A. Patra, “Generation of green, red and white light from rare-earth doped Ga2O3 nanoparticles,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 473(1-3), 151–154 (2009).
[Crossref]

A. Datta and A. Patra, “Bright white light emission from In2S3: Eu3+ nanoparticles,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 42(14), 145116 (2009).
[Crossref]

Peng, C.

J. Yang, C. Zhang, C. Peng, C. Li, L. Wang, R. Chai, and J. Lin, “Controllable red, green, blue (RGB) and bright white upconversion luminescence of Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals through single laser excitation at 980 nm,” Chemistry 15(18), 4649–4655 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Peng, G.

Y. Bai, Y. Wang, K. Yang, X. Zhang, G. Peng, Y. Song, Z. Pan, and C. H. Wang, “The effect of Li on the spectrum of Er3+ in Li- and Er-codoped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(32), 12259–12263 (2008).
[Crossref]

Peng, Q.

L. Wang, R. Yan, Z. Huo, L. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Bao, X. Wang, Q. Peng, and Y. Li, “Fluorescence resonant energy transfer biosensor based on upconversion-luminescent nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44(37), 6054–6057 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pollnau, M.

M. Pollnau, D. R. Gamelin, S. R. Lüthi, H. U. Güdel, and M. P. Hehlen, “Power dependence of upconversion luminescence in lanthanide and transition-metal-ion systems,” Phys. Rev. B 61(5), 3337–3346 (2000).
[Crossref]

Prasad, P. N.

W. J. Kim, M. Nyk, and P. N. Prasad, “Color-coded multilayer photopatterned microstructures using lanthanide (III) ion co-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles with upconversion luminescence for possible applications in security,” Nanotechnology 20(18), 185301 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Nyk, R. Kumar, T. Y. Ohulchanskyy, E. J. Bergey, and P. N. Prasad, “High contrast in vitro and in vivo photoluminescence bioimaging using near infrared to near infrared up-conversion in Tm3+ and Yb3+ doped fluoride nanophosphors,” Nano Lett. 8(11), 3834–3838 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Qin, R.

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

Ren, X.

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

Riehn, R.

S. F. Lim, R. Riehn, W. S. Ryu, N. Khanarian, C. K. Tung, D. Tank, and R. H. Austin, “In vivo and scanning electron microscopy imaging of up-converting nanophosphors in Caenorhabditis elegans,” Nano Lett. 6(2), 169–174 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Rufaihah, A. J.

D. K. Chatterjee, A. J. Rufaihah, and Y. Zhang, “Upconversion fluorescence imaging of cells and small animals using lanthanide doped nanocrystals,” Biomaterials 29(7), 937–943 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ryba-Romanowski, W.

R. Lisiecki, P. Solarz, G. Dominiak-Dzik, W. Ryba-Romanowski, M. Sobczyk, P. Černý, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková, Y. Urata, and M. Higuchi, “Comparative optical study of thulium-doped YVO4, GdVO4, and LuVO4 single crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 74(3), 035103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Ryu, W. S.

S. F. Lim, R. Riehn, W. S. Ryu, N. Khanarian, C. K. Tung, D. Tank, and R. H. Austin, “In vivo and scanning electron microscopy imaging of up-converting nanophosphors in Caenorhabditis elegans,” Nano Lett. 6(2), 169–174 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Schäfer, H.

M. Haase and H. Schäfer, “Upconverting nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 50(26), 5808–5829 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sheng, Y. Q.

G. Y. Chen, H. C. Liu, G. Somesfalean, Y. Q. Sheng, H. J. Liang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Enhancement of the upconversion radiation in Y2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals by codoping with Li+ ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(11), 113114 (2008).
[Crossref]

Sinha, G.

G. Sinha and A. Patra, “Generation of green, red and white light from rare-earth doped Ga2O3 nanoparticles,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 473(1-3), 151–154 (2009).
[Crossref]

Sobczyk, M.

R. Lisiecki, P. Solarz, G. Dominiak-Dzik, W. Ryba-Romanowski, M. Sobczyk, P. Černý, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková, Y. Urata, and M. Higuchi, “Comparative optical study of thulium-doped YVO4, GdVO4, and LuVO4 single crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 74(3), 035103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Solarz, P.

R. Lisiecki, P. Solarz, G. Dominiak-Dzik, W. Ryba-Romanowski, M. Sobczyk, P. Černý, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková, Y. Urata, and M. Higuchi, “Comparative optical study of thulium-doped YVO4, GdVO4, and LuVO4 single crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 74(3), 035103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Somesfalean, G.

G. Chen, H. Liu, H. Liang, G. Somesfalean, and Z. Zhang, “Upconversion emission enhancement in Yb3+/Er3+-codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals by tridoping with Li+ ions,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(31), 12030–12036 (2008).
[Crossref]

G. Y. Chen, H. C. Liu, G. Somesfalean, Y. Q. Sheng, H. J. Liang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Enhancement of the upconversion radiation in Y2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals by codoping with Li+ ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(11), 113114 (2008).
[Crossref]

G. Y. Chen, Y. Liu, Y. G. Zhang, G. Somesfalean, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Bright white upconversion luminescence in rare-earth-ion-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(13), 133103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Song, H.

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

Song, Y.

Y. Bai, Y. Wang, K. Yang, X. Zhang, G. Peng, Y. Song, Z. Pan, and C. H. Wang, “The effect of Li on the spectrum of Er3+ in Li- and Er-codoped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(32), 12259–12263 (2008).
[Crossref]

Y. Bai, K. Yang, Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, and Y. Song, “Enhancement of the upconversion photoluminescence intensity in Li+ and Er3+ codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Opt. Commun. 281(10), 2930–2932 (2008).
[Crossref]

Speghini, A.

V. Mahalingam, F. Mangiarini, F. Vetrone, V. Venkatramu, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and J. A. Capobianco, “Bright white upconversion emission from Tm3+/Yb3+/Er3+-doped Lu3Ga5O12 nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(46), 17745–17749 (2008).
[Crossref]

Su, Y.

Y. Su, G. Li, X. Chen, J. Liu, and L. Li, “Hydrothermal synthesis of GdVO4:Ho3+ nanorods with a novel white - light emission,” Chem. Lett. 37(7), 762–763 (2008).
[Crossref]

Šulc, J.

R. Lisiecki, P. Solarz, G. Dominiak-Dzik, W. Ryba-Romanowski, M. Sobczyk, P. Černý, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková, Y. Urata, and M. Higuchi, “Comparative optical study of thulium-doped YVO4, GdVO4, and LuVO4 single crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 74(3), 035103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Sun, Q.

G. Y. Chen, H. C. Liu, G. Somesfalean, Y. Q. Sheng, H. J. Liang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Enhancement of the upconversion radiation in Y2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals by codoping with Li+ ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(11), 113114 (2008).
[Crossref]

G. Y. Chen, Y. Liu, Y. G. Zhang, G. Somesfalean, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Bright white upconversion luminescence in rare-earth-ion-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(13), 133103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Tang, Y. G.

H. H. Yang, H. Cheng, Y. G. Tang, and Z. G. Lu, “Photoluminescence enhancement of (La0.95Eu0.05)2Ti2O7 nanophosphors via Li+ doping,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92(4), 931–933 (2009).
[Crossref]

Tank, D.

S. F. Lim, R. Riehn, W. S. Ryu, N. Khanarian, C. K. Tung, D. Tank, and R. H. Austin, “In vivo and scanning electron microscopy imaging of up-converting nanophosphors in Caenorhabditis elegans,” Nano Lett. 6(2), 169–174 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tung, C. K.

S. F. Lim, R. Riehn, W. S. Ryu, N. Khanarian, C. K. Tung, D. Tank, and R. H. Austin, “In vivo and scanning electron microscopy imaging of up-converting nanophosphors in Caenorhabditis elegans,” Nano Lett. 6(2), 169–174 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tyagi, A. K.

V. Bedekar, D. P. Dutta, M. Mohapatra, S. V. Godbole, R. Ghildiyal, and A. K. Tyagi, “Rare-earth doped gadolinia based phosphors for potential multicolor and white light emitting deep UV LEDs,” Nanotechnology 20(12), 125707 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Urata, Y.

R. Lisiecki, P. Solarz, G. Dominiak-Dzik, W. Ryba-Romanowski, M. Sobczyk, P. Černý, J. Šulc, H. Jelínková, Y. Urata, and M. Higuchi, “Comparative optical study of thulium-doped YVO4, GdVO4, and LuVO4 single crystals,” Phys. Rev. B 74(3), 035103 (2006).
[Crossref]

Venkatramu, V.

V. Mahalingam, F. Mangiarini, F. Vetrone, V. Venkatramu, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and J. A. Capobianco, “Bright white upconversion emission from Tm3+/Yb3+/Er3+-doped Lu3Ga5O12 nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(46), 17745–17749 (2008).
[Crossref]

Vetrone, F.

V. Mahalingam, F. Mangiarini, F. Vetrone, V. Venkatramu, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and J. A. Capobianco, “Bright white upconversion emission from Tm3+/Yb3+/Er3+-doped Lu3Ga5O12 nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(46), 17745–17749 (2008).
[Crossref]

F. Vetrone and J. A. Capobianco, “Lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles: luminescence, upconversion, and biological applications,” Int. J. Nanotechnol. 5(9/10/11/12), 1306–1339 (2008).
[Crossref]

Viana, B.

V. Buissette, A. Huignard, T. Gacoin, J.-P. Boilot, P. Aschehoug, and B. Viana, “Luminescence properties of YVO4:Ln (Ln=Nd, Yb, and Yb–Er) nanoparticles,” Surf. Sci. 532–535, 444–449 (2003).
[Crossref]

Wang, C. H.

Y. Bai, Y. Wang, K. Yang, X. Zhang, G. Peng, Y. Song, Z. Pan, and C. H. Wang, “The effect of Li on the spectrum of Er3+ in Li- and Er-codoped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(32), 12259–12263 (2008).
[Crossref]

Wang, F.

F. Wang, R. Deng, J. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Han, H. Zhu, X. Chen, and X. Liu, “Tuning upconversion through energy migration in core-shell nanoparticles,” Nat. Mater. 10(12), 968–973 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

F. Wang and X. Liu, “Upconversion multicolor fine-tuning: visible to near-infrared emission from lanthanide-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130(17), 5642–5643 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, F. P.

G. Y. Chen, H. C. Liu, G. Somesfalean, Y. Q. Sheng, H. J. Liang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Enhancement of the upconversion radiation in Y2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals by codoping with Li+ ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(11), 113114 (2008).
[Crossref]

G. Y. Chen, Y. Liu, Y. G. Zhang, G. Somesfalean, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Bright white upconversion luminescence in rare-earth-ion-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(13), 133103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Wang, J.

F. Wang, R. Deng, J. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Han, H. Zhu, X. Chen, and X. Liu, “Tuning upconversion through energy migration in core-shell nanoparticles,” Nat. Mater. 10(12), 968–973 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, L.

J. Yang, C. Zhang, C. Peng, C. Li, L. Wang, R. Chai, and J. Lin, “Controllable red, green, blue (RGB) and bright white upconversion luminescence of Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals through single laser excitation at 980 nm,” Chemistry 15(18), 4649–4655 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. Wang, R. Yan, Z. Huo, L. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Bao, X. Wang, Q. Peng, and Y. Li, “Fluorescence resonant energy transfer biosensor based on upconversion-luminescent nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44(37), 6054–6057 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

L. Wang, R. Yan, Z. Huo, L. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Bao, X. Wang, Q. Peng, and Y. Li, “Fluorescence resonant energy transfer biosensor based on upconversion-luminescent nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44(37), 6054–6057 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, Q.

F. Wang, R. Deng, J. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Han, H. Zhu, X. Chen, and X. Liu, “Tuning upconversion through energy migration in core-shell nanoparticles,” Nat. Mater. 10(12), 968–973 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, X.

L. Wang, R. Yan, Z. Huo, L. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Bao, X. Wang, Q. Peng, and Y. Li, “Fluorescence resonant energy transfer biosensor based on upconversion-luminescent nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44(37), 6054–6057 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, Y.

Y. Bai, Y. Wang, K. Yang, X. Zhang, G. Peng, Y. Song, Z. Pan, and C. H. Wang, “The effect of Li on the spectrum of Er3+ in Li- and Er-codoped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(32), 12259–12263 (2008).
[Crossref]

Y. Bai, K. Yang, Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, and Y. Song, “Enhancement of the upconversion photoluminescence intensity in Li+ and Er3+ codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Opt. Commun. 281(10), 2930–2932 (2008).
[Crossref]

Wang, Y. H.

Z. H. Zhang, Y. H. Wang, X. X. Li, Y. K. Du, and W. J. Liu, “Photoluminescence degradation and color shift studies of annealed BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ phosphor,” J. Lumin. 122–123, 1003–1005 (2007).
[Crossref]

Xiao, F.

F. Xiao, Y. N. Xue, and Q. Y. Zhang, “Warm white light from Y4MgSi3O13:Bi3+, Eu3+ nanophosphor for white light-emitting diodes,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 74(2), 498–501 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Xiao, S.

X. Yang, S. Xiao, J. W. Ding, and X. H. Yan, “Efficient up-converted white emission in Er3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+ tridoped NaYF4 powders,” J. Mater. Sci. 42(16), 7042–7045 (2007).
[Crossref]

Xue, Y. N.

F. Xiao, Y. N. Xue, and Q. Y. Zhang, “Warm white light from Y4MgSi3O13:Bi3+, Eu3+ nanophosphor for white light-emitting diodes,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 74(2), 498–501 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yan, R.

L. Wang, R. Yan, Z. Huo, L. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Bao, X. Wang, Q. Peng, and Y. Li, “Fluorescence resonant energy transfer biosensor based on upconversion-luminescent nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44(37), 6054–6057 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yan, X. H.

X. Yang, S. Xiao, J. W. Ding, and X. H. Yan, “Efficient up-converted white emission in Er3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+ tridoped NaYF4 powders,” J. Mater. Sci. 42(16), 7042–7045 (2007).
[Crossref]

Yang, H. H.

H. H. Yang, H. Cheng, Y. G. Tang, and Z. G. Lu, “Photoluminescence enhancement of (La0.95Eu0.05)2Ti2O7 nanophosphors via Li+ doping,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92(4), 931–933 (2009).
[Crossref]

Yang, J.

J. Yang, C. Zhang, C. Peng, C. Li, L. Wang, R. Chai, and J. Lin, “Controllable red, green, blue (RGB) and bright white upconversion luminescence of Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals through single laser excitation at 980 nm,” Chemistry 15(18), 4649–4655 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yang, K.

Y. Bai, K. Yang, Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, and Y. Song, “Enhancement of the upconversion photoluminescence intensity in Li+ and Er3+ codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Opt. Commun. 281(10), 2930–2932 (2008).
[Crossref]

Y. Bai, Y. Wang, K. Yang, X. Zhang, G. Peng, Y. Song, Z. Pan, and C. H. Wang, “The effect of Li on the spectrum of Er3+ in Li- and Er-codoped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(32), 12259–12263 (2008).
[Crossref]

Yang, X.

X. Yang, S. Xiao, J. W. Ding, and X. H. Yan, “Efficient up-converted white emission in Er3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+ tridoped NaYF4 powders,” J. Mater. Sci. 42(16), 7042–7045 (2007).
[Crossref]

Zeng, J.

L. Wang, R. Yan, Z. Huo, L. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Bao, X. Wang, Q. Peng, and Y. Li, “Fluorescence resonant energy transfer biosensor based on upconversion-luminescent nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44(37), 6054–6057 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhang, C.

J. Yang, C. Zhang, C. Peng, C. Li, L. Wang, R. Chai, and J. Lin, “Controllable red, green, blue (RGB) and bright white upconversion luminescence of Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals through single laser excitation at 980 nm,” Chemistry 15(18), 4649–4655 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhang, Q. Y.

F. Xiao, Y. N. Xue, and Q. Y. Zhang, “Warm white light from Y4MgSi3O13:Bi3+, Eu3+ nanophosphor for white light-emitting diodes,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 74(2), 498–501 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhang, X.

Y. Bai, Y. Wang, K. Yang, X. Zhang, G. Peng, Y. Song, Z. Pan, and C. H. Wang, “The effect of Li on the spectrum of Er3+ in Li- and Er-codoped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(32), 12259–12263 (2008).
[Crossref]

Zhang, Y.

D. K. Chatterjee, A. J. Rufaihah, and Y. Zhang, “Upconversion fluorescence imaging of cells and small animals using lanthanide doped nanocrystals,” Biomaterials 29(7), 937–943 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhang, Y. G.

G. Y. Chen, Y. Liu, Y. G. Zhang, G. Somesfalean, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Bright white upconversion luminescence in rare-earth-ion-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(13), 133103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Zhang, Z.

G. Chen, H. Liu, H. Liang, G. Somesfalean, and Z. Zhang, “Upconversion emission enhancement in Yb3+/Er3+-codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals by tridoping with Li+ ions,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(31), 12030–12036 (2008).
[Crossref]

Y. Bai, K. Yang, Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, and Y. Song, “Enhancement of the upconversion photoluminescence intensity in Li+ and Er3+ codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Opt. Commun. 281(10), 2930–2932 (2008).
[Crossref]

Zhang, Z. G.

G. Y. Chen, H. C. Liu, G. Somesfalean, Y. Q. Sheng, H. J. Liang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Enhancement of the upconversion radiation in Y2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals by codoping with Li+ ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(11), 113114 (2008).
[Crossref]

G. Y. Chen, Y. Liu, Y. G. Zhang, G. Somesfalean, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Bright white upconversion luminescence in rare-earth-ion-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(13), 133103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Zhang, Z. H.

Z. H. Zhang, Y. H. Wang, X. X. Li, Y. K. Du, and W. J. Liu, “Photoluminescence degradation and color shift studies of annealed BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ phosphor,” J. Lumin. 122–123, 1003–1005 (2007).
[Crossref]

Zhao, H.

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

Zhu, H.

F. Wang, R. Deng, J. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Han, H. Zhu, X. Chen, and X. Liu, “Tuning upconversion through energy migration in core-shell nanoparticles,” Nat. Mater. 10(12), 968–973 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. (2)

L. Wang, R. Yan, Z. Huo, L. Wang, J. Zeng, J. Bao, X. Wang, Q. Peng, and Y. Li, “Fluorescence resonant energy transfer biosensor based on upconversion-luminescent nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44(37), 6054–6057 (2005).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Haase and H. Schäfer, “Upconverting nanoparticles,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 50(26), 5808–5829 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (2)

G. Y. Chen, H. C. Liu, G. Somesfalean, Y. Q. Sheng, H. J. Liang, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Enhancement of the upconversion radiation in Y2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals by codoping with Li+ ions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(11), 113114 (2008).
[Crossref]

G. Y. Chen, Y. Liu, Y. G. Zhang, G. Somesfalean, Z. G. Zhang, Q. Sun, and F. P. Wang, “Bright white upconversion luminescence in rare-earth-ion-doped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(13), 133103 (2007).
[Crossref]

Biomaterials (1)

D. K. Chatterjee, A. J. Rufaihah, and Y. Zhang, “Upconversion fluorescence imaging of cells and small animals using lanthanide doped nanocrystals,” Biomaterials 29(7), 937–943 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chem. Lett. (1)

Y. Su, G. Li, X. Chen, J. Liu, and L. Li, “Hydrothermal synthesis of GdVO4:Ho3+ nanorods with a novel white - light emission,” Chem. Lett. 37(7), 762–763 (2008).
[Crossref]

Chem. Phys. Lett. (1)

G. Sinha and A. Patra, “Generation of green, red and white light from rare-earth doped Ga2O3 nanoparticles,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 473(1-3), 151–154 (2009).
[Crossref]

Chemistry (1)

J. Yang, C. Zhang, C. Peng, C. Li, L. Wang, R. Chai, and J. Lin, “Controllable red, green, blue (RGB) and bright white upconversion luminescence of Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals through single laser excitation at 980 nm,” Chemistry 15(18), 4649–4655 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Int. J. Nanotechnol. (1)

F. Vetrone and J. A. Capobianco, “Lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles: luminescence, upconversion, and biological applications,” Int. J. Nanotechnol. 5(9/10/11/12), 1306–1339 (2008).
[Crossref]

J. Am. Ceram. Soc. (1)

H. H. Yang, H. Cheng, Y. G. Tang, and Z. G. Lu, “Photoluminescence enhancement of (La0.95Eu0.05)2Ti2O7 nanophosphors via Li+ doping,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92(4), 931–933 (2009).
[Crossref]

J. Am. Chem. Soc. (1)

F. Wang and X. Liu, “Upconversion multicolor fine-tuning: visible to near-infrared emission from lanthanide-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130(17), 5642–5643 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Lumin. (1)

Z. H. Zhang, Y. H. Wang, X. X. Li, Y. K. Du, and W. J. Liu, “Photoluminescence degradation and color shift studies of annealed BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ phosphor,” J. Lumin. 122–123, 1003–1005 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Mater. Sci. (1)

X. Yang, S. Xiao, J. W. Ding, and X. H. Yan, “Efficient up-converted white emission in Er3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+ tridoped NaYF4 powders,” J. Mater. Sci. 42(16), 7042–7045 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. (1)

B. Dong, H. Song, R. Qin, X. Bai, F. Wang, L. Fan, G. Pan, S. Lu, X. Ren, and H. Zhao, “White luminescence by up-conversion from thin film made with Ln(3+)-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles,” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 8(3), 1254–1257 (2008).
[PubMed]

J. Phys. Chem. C (3)

V. Mahalingam, F. Mangiarini, F. Vetrone, V. Venkatramu, M. Bettinelli, A. Speghini, and J. A. Capobianco, “Bright white upconversion emission from Tm3+/Yb3+/Er3+-doped Lu3Ga5O12 nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(46), 17745–17749 (2008).
[Crossref]

Y. Bai, Y. Wang, K. Yang, X. Zhang, G. Peng, Y. Song, Z. Pan, and C. H. Wang, “The effect of Li on the spectrum of Er3+ in Li- and Er-codoped ZnO nanocrystals,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(32), 12259–12263 (2008).
[Crossref]

G. Chen, H. Liu, H. Liang, G. Somesfalean, and Z. Zhang, “Upconversion emission enhancement in Yb3+/Er3+-codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals by tridoping with Li+ ions,” J. Phys. Chem. C 112(31), 12030–12036 (2008).
[Crossref]

J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. (1)

A. Datta and A. Patra, “Bright white light emission from In2S3: Eu3+ nanoparticles,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 42(14), 145116 (2009).
[Crossref]

Nano Lett. (2)

S. F. Lim, R. Riehn, W. S. Ryu, N. Khanarian, C. K. Tung, D. Tank, and R. H. Austin, “In vivo and scanning electron microscopy imaging of up-converting nanophosphors in Caenorhabditis elegans,” Nano Lett. 6(2), 169–174 (2006).
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M. Nyk, R. Kumar, T. Y. Ohulchanskyy, E. J. Bergey, and P. N. Prasad, “High contrast in vitro and in vivo photoluminescence bioimaging using near infrared to near infrared up-conversion in Tm3+ and Yb3+ doped fluoride nanophosphors,” Nano Lett. 8(11), 3834–3838 (2008).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nanotechnology (2)

W. J. Kim, M. Nyk, and P. N. Prasad, “Color-coded multilayer photopatterned microstructures using lanthanide (III) ion co-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles with upconversion luminescence for possible applications in security,” Nanotechnology 20(18), 185301 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

V. Bedekar, D. P. Dutta, M. Mohapatra, S. V. Godbole, R. Ghildiyal, and A. K. Tyagi, “Rare-earth doped gadolinia based phosphors for potential multicolor and white light emitting deep UV LEDs,” Nanotechnology 20(12), 125707 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Nat. Mater. (1)

F. Wang, R. Deng, J. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Han, H. Zhu, X. Chen, and X. Liu, “Tuning upconversion through energy migration in core-shell nanoparticles,” Nat. Mater. 10(12), 968–973 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Commun. (1)

Y. Bai, K. Yang, Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, and Y. Song, “Enhancement of the upconversion photoluminescence intensity in Li+ and Er3+ codoped Y2O3 nanocrystals,” Opt. Commun. 281(10), 2930–2932 (2008).
[Crossref]

Opt. Mater. (1)

B. Moine and G. Bizarri, “Degradation mechanism of phosphors by vacuum ultraviolet excitation,” Opt. Mater. 28(6-7), 587–591 (2006).
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Phys. Rev. B (2)

M. Pollnau, D. R. Gamelin, S. R. Lüthi, H. U. Güdel, and M. P. Hehlen, “Power dependence of upconversion luminescence in lanthanide and transition-metal-ion systems,” Phys. Rev. B 61(5), 3337–3346 (2000).
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Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. (1)

F. Xiao, Y. N. Xue, and Q. Y. Zhang, “Warm white light from Y4MgSi3O13:Bi3+, Eu3+ nanophosphor for white light-emitting diodes,” Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 74(2), 498–501 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Surf. Sci. (1)

V. Buissette, A. Huignard, T. Gacoin, J.-P. Boilot, P. Aschehoug, and B. Viana, “Luminescence properties of YVO4:Ln (Ln=Nd, Yb, and Yb–Er) nanoparticles,” Surf. Sci. 532–535, 444–449 (2003).
[Crossref]

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 (A) TEM image, (B) FTIR spectrum, and (C) XRD pattern of the Tm3+/Yb3+/Ho3+-doped GdVO4 nanocrystals prepared by the Pechini method.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 (A) Upconversion emission spectrum of Tm3+/Yb3+/Ho3+-doped GdVO4 nanocrystals. Inset shows the digital image of the white light, and (B) CIE diagram with the calculated color coordinates, which fall in the white region (black dot).

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Schematic representation of the upconversion mechanisms responsible for the generation of white light from Tm3+/Yb3+/Ho3+-doped GdVO4 nanocrystals.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Upconversion emission spectra of Tm3+/Yb3+/Ho3+-doped GdVO4 nanocrystals with and without Li+-doping (5%).

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 (A) Enhancement of the upconversion emission intensities for different Li+ ion concentrations in Tm3+/Yb3+/Ho3+-doped GdVO4 nanocrystals. (B) XRD patterns of Tm3+/Yb3+/Ho3+-doped GdVO4 nanocrystals with and without Li+-doping (5%).

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Tables (1)

Tables Icon

Table 1 Lifetimes of the excited states associated with the blue, green, and NIR emissions observed from Tm3+/Yb3+/Ho3+-doped GdVO4 nanocrystals. The Ln3+ dopant concentrations are 1, 22, and 1.8% for the Tm3+, Yb3+, and Ho3+ dopants, respectively.

View Table

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