Broadband photonic microwave phase shifter based on controlling two RF modulation sidebands via a Fourier-domain optical processor

J. Yang; E. H. W. Chan; X. Wang; X. Feng; B. Guan

doi:10.1364/OE.23.012100

Optics Express
Vol. 23,
Issue 9,
pp. 12100-12110
(2015)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.012100

Broadband photonic microwave phase shifter based on controlling two RF modulation sidebands via a Fourier-domain optical processor

J. Yang, E. H. W. Chan, X. Wang, X. Feng, and B. Guan

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J. Yang, E. H. W. Chan, X. Wang, X. Feng, and B. Guan, "Broadband photonic microwave phase shifter based on controlling two RF modulation sidebands via a Fourier-domain optical processor," Opt. Express 23, 12100-12110 (2015)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Fourier Optics and Signal Processing
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Radio frequency photonics (060.5625)
- Analog optical signal processing (070.1170)
- Microwaves (350.4010)

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: February 3, 2015
- Revised Manuscript: April 14, 2015
- Manuscript Accepted: April 19, 2015
- Published: April 29, 2015

Abstract

An all-optical photonic microwave phase shifter that can realize a continuous 360° phase shift over a wide frequency range is presented. It is based on the new concept of controlling the amplitude and phase of the two RF modulation sidebands via a Fourier-domain optical processor. The operating frequency range of the phase shifter is largely increased compared to the previously reported Fourier-domain optical processor based phase shifter that uses only one RF modulation sideband. This is due to the extension of the lower RF operating frequency by designing the amplitude and phase of one of the RF modulation sidebands while the other sideband is designed to realize the required RF signal phase shift. The two-sideband amplitude-and-phase-control based photonic microwave phase shifter has a simple structure as it only requires a single laser source, a phase modulator, a Fourier-domain optical processor and a single photodetector. Investigation on the bandwidth limitation problem in the conventional Fourier-domain optical processor based phase shifter is presented. Comparisons between the measured phase shifter output RF amplitude and phase responses with theory, which show excellent agreement, are also presented for the first time. Experimental results demonstrate the full −180° to + 180° phase shift with little RF signal amplitude variation of less than 3 dB and with a phase deviation of less than 4° over a 7.5 GHz to 26.5 GHz frequency range, and the phase shifter exhibits a long term stable performance.

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References

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Year
Author
Publication

M. Y. Frankel, P. J. Matthews, R. D. Esman, and L. Goldberg, “Practical optical beamforming networks,” Opt. Quantum Electron. 30(11/12), 1033–1050 (1998).
[Crossref]
C. F. Campbell and S. A. Brown, “A compact 5-bit phase-shifter MMIC for K-band satellite communication systems,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 48(12), 2652–2656 (2000).
[Crossref]
T. Y. Yun and K. Chang, “A low-cost 8 to 26.5 GHz phased array antenna using a piezoelectric transducer controlled phase shifter,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag. 49(9), 1290–1298 (2001).
[Crossref]
R. A. Minasian, E. H. W. Chan, and X. Yi, “Microwave photonic signal processing,” Opt. Express 21(19), 22918–22936 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]
J. Capmany, B. Ortega, and D. Pastor, “A tutorial on microwave photonic filters,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(1), 201–229 (2006).
[Crossref]
J. P. Yao, “Microwave photonics,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(3), 314–335 (2009).
[Crossref]
W. Li, N. H. Zhu, and L. X. Wang, “Photonic phase shifter based on wavelength dependence of Brillouin frequency shift,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(14), 1013–1015 (2011).
[Crossref]
A. Loayssa and F. J. Lahoz, “Broad-band RF photonic phase shifter based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and signal-sideband modulation,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 18(1), 208–210 (2006).
[Crossref]
E. H. W. Chan, W. Zhang, and R. A. Minasian, “Photonic RF phase shifter based on optical carrier and RF modulation sidebands amplitude and phase control,” J. Lightwave Technol. 30(23), 3672–3678 (2012).
[Crossref]
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[Crossref] [PubMed]
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[Crossref] [PubMed]
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[Crossref]
X. Yi, T. X. H. Huang, and R. A. Minasian, “Tunable and reconfigurable photonic signal processor with programmable all-optical complex coefficients,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 58(11), 3088–3093 (2010).
[Crossref]
X. Yi, T. X. H. Huang, and R. A. Minasian, “Photonic beamforming based on programmable phase shifters with amplitude and phase control,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(18), 1286–1288 (2011).
[Crossref]
M. A. F. Roelens, S. Frisken, J. A. Bolger, D. Abakoumov, G. Baxter, S. Poole, and B. Eggleton, “Dispersion trimming in a reconfigurable wavelength selective switch,” J. Lightwave Technol. 26(1), 73–78 (2008).
[Crossref]
WaveShaper 4000S multiport optical processor data sheet. [Online]. Available: www.finisar.com .
J. Shen, G. Wu, W. Zou, and J. Chen, “A photonic RF phase shifter based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator and an optical filter,” Appl. Phys. Express 7(5), 0725021–0725023 (2012).

J. Shen, G. Wu, W. Zou, and J. Chen, “A photonic RF phase shifter based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator and an optical filter,” Appl. Phys. Express 7(5), 0725021–0725023 (2012).

2011 (2)

X. Yi, T. X. H. Huang, and R. A. Minasian, “Photonic beamforming based on programmable phase shifters with amplitude and phase control,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(18), 1286–1288 (2011).
[Crossref]

W. Li, N. H. Zhu, and L. X. Wang, “Photonic phase shifter based on wavelength dependence of Brillouin frequency shift,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(14), 1013–1015 (2011).
[Crossref]

2010 (1)

X. Yi, T. X. H. Huang, and R. A. Minasian, “Tunable and reconfigurable photonic signal processor with programmable all-optical complex coefficients,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 58(11), 3088–3093 (2010).
[Crossref]

2009 (1)

J. P. Yao, “Microwave photonics,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(3), 314–335 (2009).
[Crossref]

2008 (1)

M. A. F. Roelens, S. Frisken, J. A. Bolger, D. Abakoumov, G. Baxter, S. Poole, and B. Eggleton, “Dispersion trimming in a reconfigurable wavelength selective switch,” J. Lightwave Technol. 26(1), 73–78 (2008).
[Crossref]

2007 (1)

Y. Dong, H. He, W. Hu, Z. Li, Q. Wang, W. Kuang, T. H. Cheng, Y. J. Wen, Y. Wang, and C. Lu, “Photonic microwave phase shifter/modulator based on a nonlinear optical loop mirror incorporating a Mach-Zehnder interferometer,” Opt. Lett. 32(7), 745–747 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2006 (2)

A. Loayssa and F. J. Lahoz, “Broad-band RF photonic phase shifter based on stimulated Brillouin scattering and signal-sideband modulation,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 18(1), 208–210 (2006).
[Crossref]

J. Capmany, B. Ortega, and D. Pastor, “A tutorial on microwave photonic filters,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(1), 201–229 (2006).
[Crossref]

2001 (1)

T. Y. Yun and K. Chang, “A low-cost 8 to 26.5 GHz phased array antenna using a piezoelectric transducer controlled phase shifter,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag. 49(9), 1290–1298 (2001).
[Crossref]

2000 (1)

C. F. Campbell and S. A. Brown, “A compact 5-bit phase-shifter MMIC for K-band satellite communication systems,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 48(12), 2652–2656 (2000).
[Crossref]

1998 (1)

M. Y. Frankel, P. J. Matthews, R. D. Esman, and L. Goldberg, “Practical optical beamforming networks,” Opt. Quantum Electron. 30(11/12), 1033–1050 (1998).
[Crossref]

Abakoumov, D.

Baxter, G.

Bolger, J. A.

Brown, S. A.

C. F. Campbell and S. A. Brown, “A compact 5-bit phase-shifter MMIC for K-band satellite communication systems,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 48(12), 2652–2656 (2000).
[Crossref]

Campbell, C. F.

C. F. Campbell and S. A. Brown, “A compact 5-bit phase-shifter MMIC for K-band satellite communication systems,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 48(12), 2652–2656 (2000).
[Crossref]

Capmany, J.

J. Capmany, B. Ortega, and D. Pastor, “A tutorial on microwave photonic filters,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(1), 201–229 (2006).
[Crossref]

Chan, E. H. W.

R. A. Minasian, E. H. W. Chan, and X. Yi, “Microwave photonic signal processing,” Opt. Express 21(19), 22918–22936 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chang, K.

Chen, J.

J. Shen, G. Wu, W. Zou, and J. Chen, “A photonic RF phase shifter based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator and an optical filter,” Appl. Phys. Express 7(5), 0725021–0725023 (2012).

Cheng, T. H.

Dong, Y.

Eggleton, B.

Esman, R. D.

M. Y. Frankel, P. J. Matthews, R. D. Esman, and L. Goldberg, “Practical optical beamforming networks,” Opt. Quantum Electron. 30(11/12), 1033–1050 (1998).
[Crossref]

Frankel, M. Y.

M. Y. Frankel, P. J. Matthews, R. D. Esman, and L. Goldberg, “Practical optical beamforming networks,” Opt. Quantum Electron. 30(11/12), 1033–1050 (1998).
[Crossref]

Frisken, S.

Goldberg, L.

M. Y. Frankel, P. J. Matthews, R. D. Esman, and L. Goldberg, “Practical optical beamforming networks,” Opt. Quantum Electron. 30(11/12), 1033–1050 (1998).
[Crossref]

He, H.

Hu, W.

Huang, T. X. H.

Kuang, W.

Lahoz, F. J.

Li, W.

W. Li, N. H. Zhu, and L. X. Wang, “Photonic phase shifter based on wavelength dependence of Brillouin frequency shift,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(14), 1013–1015 (2011).
[Crossref]

Li, Z.

Loayssa, A.

Lu, C.

Matthews, P. J.

M. Y. Frankel, P. J. Matthews, R. D. Esman, and L. Goldberg, “Practical optical beamforming networks,” Opt. Quantum Electron. 30(11/12), 1033–1050 (1998).
[Crossref]

Minasian, R. A.

R. A. Minasian, E. H. W. Chan, and X. Yi, “Microwave photonic signal processing,” Opt. Express 21(19), 22918–22936 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ortega, B.

J. Capmany, B. Ortega, and D. Pastor, “A tutorial on microwave photonic filters,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(1), 201–229 (2006).
[Crossref]

Pan, S.

Pastor, D.

J. Capmany, B. Ortega, and D. Pastor, “A tutorial on microwave photonic filters,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(1), 201–229 (2006).
[Crossref]

Poole, S.

Roelens, M. A. F.

Shen, J.

J. Shen, G. Wu, W. Zou, and J. Chen, “A photonic RF phase shifter based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator and an optical filter,” Appl. Phys. Express 7(5), 0725021–0725023 (2012).

Wang, L. X.

W. Li, N. H. Zhu, and L. X. Wang, “Photonic phase shifter based on wavelength dependence of Brillouin frequency shift,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(14), 1013–1015 (2011).
[Crossref]

Wang, Q.

Wang, X.

Wang, Y.

Wen, Y. J.

Wu, G.

J. Shen, G. Wu, W. Zou, and J. Chen, “A photonic RF phase shifter based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator and an optical filter,” Appl. Phys. Express 7(5), 0725021–0725023 (2012).

Yao, J.

Yao, J. P.

J. P. Yao, “Microwave photonics,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(3), 314–335 (2009).
[Crossref]

Yi, X.

R. A. Minasian, E. H. W. Chan, and X. Yi, “Microwave photonic signal processing,” Opt. Express 21(19), 22918–22936 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yun, T. Y.

Zhang, W.

Zhang, Y.

Zhu, N. H.

W. Li, N. H. Zhu, and L. X. Wang, “Photonic phase shifter based on wavelength dependence of Brillouin frequency shift,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(14), 1013–1015 (2011).
[Crossref]

Zou, W.

J. Shen, G. Wu, W. Zou, and J. Chen, “A photonic RF phase shifter based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator and an optical filter,” Appl. Phys. Express 7(5), 0725021–0725023 (2012).

Appl. Phys. Express (1)

J. Shen, G. Wu, W. Zou, and J. Chen, “A photonic RF phase shifter based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator and an optical filter,” Appl. Phys. Express 7(5), 0725021–0725023 (2012).

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. (3)

W. Li, N. H. Zhu, and L. X. Wang, “Photonic phase shifter based on wavelength dependence of Brillouin frequency shift,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 23(14), 1013–1015 (2011).
[Crossref]

IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag. (1)

IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. (2)

C. F. Campbell and S. A. Brown, “A compact 5-bit phase-shifter MMIC for K-band satellite communication systems,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 48(12), 2652–2656 (2000).
[Crossref]

J. Lightwave Technol. (5)

J. Capmany, B. Ortega, and D. Pastor, “A tutorial on microwave photonic filters,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(1), 201–229 (2006).
[Crossref]

J. P. Yao, “Microwave photonics,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(3), 314–335 (2009).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (2)

R. A. Minasian, E. H. W. Chan, and X. Yi, “Microwave photonic signal processing,” Opt. Express 21(19), 22918–22936 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett. (3)

Opt. Quantum Electron. (1)

M. Y. Frankel, P. J. Matthews, R. D. Esman, and L. Goldberg, “Practical optical beamforming networks,” Opt. Quantum Electron. 30(11/12), 1033–1050 (1998).
[Crossref]

Other (1)

WaveShaper 4000S multiport optical processor data sheet. [Online]. Available: www.finisar.com .

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Fig. 1 Topology of the two-sideband amplitude-and-phase-control based photonic microwave phase shifter.

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Fig. 2 Amplitude and phase response profiles of (a) a commercially available FD-OP and (b) a FD-OP with a very high resolution and very steep edge response, together with the optical carrier and the modulation sidebands showing the operation principle of the conventional FD-OP based photonic microwave phase shifter.

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Fig. 3 Amplitude and phase response profiles of a commercially available FD-OP together with the optical carrier and the RF phase modulation sidebands showing the operation principle of the two-sideband amplitude-and-phase-control based photonic microwave phase shifter.

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Fig. 4 Simulated (a) amplitude and (b) phase response profile of the FD-OP designed for the conventional FD-OP based photonic microwave phase shifter, and corresponding simulated phase shifter output RF (c) amplitude and (d) phase response, for different phase shifts.

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Fig. 5 Simulated (a) amplitude and (b) phase response profile of the FD-OP designed for the two-sideband amplitude-and-phase-control based photonic microwave phase shifter, and corresponding simulated phase shifter output RF (c) amplitude and (d) phase response, for different phase shifts.

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Fig. 6 Experimental setup of the two-sideband amplitude-and-phase-control based photonic microwave phase shifter.

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Fig. 7 Measured (a) amplitude and (b) phase response of the two-sideband amplitude-and-phase-control based photonic microwave phase shifter.

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Fig. 8 Simulated (dash) and measured (solid) amplitude and phase responses of the two-sideband amplitude-and-phase-control based photonic microwave phase shifter for (a) and (b) 0°, (c) and (d) 90°, and (e) and (f) −90° phase shift.

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Fig. 9 Two-sideband amplitude-and-phase-control based photonic microwave phase shifter (a) amplitude and (b) phase stability measurement.

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Equations (7)

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E (t) = \sqrt{t_{f f}} E_{i n} [J_{0} (β_{R F}) e^{j ω_{c} t} + J_{1} (β_{R F}) e^{j (ω_{c} + ω_{R F}) t} - J_{1} (β_{R F}) e^{j (ω_{c} - ω_{R F}) t}]

E_{o u t} (t) = \sqrt{t_{f f}} E_{i n} [\begin{matrix} J_{0} (β_{R F}) H (ω_{c}) e^{j (ω_{c} t + φ (ω_{c}))} + J_{1} (β_{R F}) H (ω_{c} + ω_{R F}) e^{j ((ω_{c} + ω_{R F}) t + φ (ω_{c} + ω_{R F}))} \\ - J_{1} (β_{R F}) H (ω_{c} - ω_{R F}) e^{j ((ω_{c} - ω_{R F}) t + φ (ω_{c} - ω_{R F}))} \end{matrix}]

I_{R F} = 2 ℜ t_{f f} P_{i n} J_{0} (β_{R F}) J_{1} (β_{R F}) \sqrt{A^{2} + B^{2}} \sin (ω_{R F} t + \tan^{- 1} (B / A))

A = H (ω_{c}) [H (ω_{c} + ω_{R F}) \sin (φ (ω_{c}) - φ (ω_{c} + ω_{R F})) + H (ω_{c} - ω_{R F}) \sin (φ (ω_{c}) - φ (ω_{c} - ω_{R F}))]

B = H (ω_{c}) [H (ω_{c} + ω_{R F}) \cos (φ (ω_{c}) - φ (ω_{c} + ω_{R F})) - H (ω_{c} - ω_{R F}) \cos (φ (ω_{c}) - φ (ω_{c} - ω_{R F}))]

A = H (ω_{c}) [- H (ω_{c} + ω_{R F}) \sin (φ (ω_{c} + ω_{R F}) - φ (ω_{c}) + \frac{π}{4}) - H (ω_{c} - ω_{R F}) \sin (φ (ω_{c}) - φ (ω_{c} - ω_{R F}) - \frac{5}{4} π)]

B = H (ω_{c}) [H (ω_{c} + ω_{R F}) \cos (φ (ω_{c} + ω_{R F}) - φ (ω_{c}) + \frac{π}{4}) + H (ω_{c} - ω_{R F}) \cos (φ (ω_{c}) - φ (ω_{c} - ω_{R F}) - \frac{5}{4} π)]

Abstract

References

2014 (1)

2013 (2)

2012 (4)

2011 (2)

2010 (1)

2009 (1)

2008 (1)

2007 (1)

2006 (2)

2001 (1)

2000 (1)

1998 (1)

Abakoumov, D.

Baxter, G.

Bolger, J. A.

Brown, S. A.

Campbell, C. F.

Capmany, J.

Chan, E. H. W.

Chang, K.

Chen, J.

Cheng, T. H.

Dong, Y.

Eggleton, B.

Esman, R. D.

Frankel, M. Y.

Frisken, S.

Goldberg, L.

He, H.

Hu, W.

Huang, T. X. H.

Kuang, W.

Lahoz, F. J.

Li, W.

Li, Z.

Loayssa, A.

Lu, C.

Matthews, P. J.

Minasian, R. A.

Ortega, B.

Pan, S.

Pastor, D.

Poole, S.

Roelens, M. A. F.

Shen, J.

Wang, L. X.

Wang, Q.

Wang, X.

Wang, Y.

Wen, Y. J.

Wu, G.

Yao, J.

Yao, J. P.

Yi, X.

Yun, T. Y.

Zhang, W.

Zhang, Y.

Zhu, N. H.

Zou, W.

Appl. Phys. Express (1)

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. (3)

IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag. (1)

IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. (2)

J. Lightwave Technol. (5)

Opt. Express (2)

Opt. Lett. (3)

Opt. Quantum Electron. (1)

Other (1)

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