Abstract

Non-collinear optical parametric amplification has become the leading technology for amplifying few-cycle carrier-envelope phase (CEP) stable pulses to high energy at extreme repetition rates. In this work, a parametric amplifier system devoted to ultrafast photoionization experiments with coincidence detection is reported. The amplifier delivers CEP-stable few-cycle pulses with an average power of 5 W, and operates at repetition rates between 400 and 800 kHz. Close to transform-limited compression of the few-cycle pulses is achieved with minimized spatio-temporal distortions. Potential limitations introduced by spatio-temporal couplings to applications in attosecond science are analyzed. In particular, it is shown that pulse front tilt resulting from non-collinear amplification can considerably reduce the asymmetry in stereo above threshold ionization (stereo-ATI) experiments.

© 2016 Optical Society of America

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2016 (1)

2015 (5)

M. Mero, F. Noack, F. Bach, V. Petrov, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “High-average-power, 50-fs parametric amplifier front-end at 1.55 μm,” Opt. Express 23(26), 33157–33163 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

P. Rudawski, A. Harth, C. Guo, E. Lorek, M. Miranda, C. M. Heyl, E. W. Larsen, J. Ahrens, O. Prochnow, T. Binhammer, U. Morgner, J. Mauritsson, A. L’Huillier, and C. L. Arnold, “Carrier-envelope phase dependent high-order harmonic generation with a high-repetition rate OPCPA-system,” Eur. Phys. J. D 69(3), 70 (2015).
[Crossref]

M. Puppin, Y. Deng, O. Prochnow, J. Ahrens, T. Binhammer, U. Morgner, M. Krenz, M. Wolf, and R. Ernstorfer, “500 kHz OPCPA delivering tunable sub-20 fs pulses with 15 W average power based on an all-ytterbium laser,” Opt. Express 23(2), 1491–1497 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Prinz, M. Haefner, C. Y. Teisset, R. Bessing, K. Michel, Y. Lee, X. T. Geng, S. Kim, D. E. Kim, T. Metzger, and M. Schultze, “CEP-stable, sub-6 fs, 300-kHz OPCPA system with more than 15 W of average power,” Opt. Express 23(2), 1388–1394 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
[Crossref]

2014 (4)

L. Zhang, X. H. Xie, S. Roither, D. Kartashov, Y. L. Wang, C. L. Wang, M. Schoffler, D. Shafir, P. B. Corkum, A. Baltuška, I. Ivanov, A. Kheifets, X. J. Liu, A. Staudte, and M. Kitzler, “Laser-sub-cycle two-dimensional electron-momentum mapping using orthogonal two-color fields,” Phys. Rev. A 90(6), 061401 (2014).
[Crossref]

M. Sabbar, S. Heuser, R. Boge, M. Lucchini, L. Gallmann, C. Cirelli, and U. Keller, “Combining attosecond XUV pulses with coincidence spectroscopy,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85(10), 103113 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Riedel, J. Rothhardt, K. Beil, B. Gronloh, A. Klenke, H. Höppner, M. Schulz, U. Teubner, C. Kränkel, J. Limpert, A. Tünnermann, M. J. Prandolini, and F. Tavella, “Thermal properties of borate crystals for high power optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification,” Opt. Express 22(15), 17607–17619 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Miranda, M. Kotur, P. Rudawski, C. Guo, A. Harth, A. L’Huillier, and C. L. Arnold, “Spatiotemporal characterization of ultrashort laser pulses using spatially resolved Fourier transform spectrometry,” Opt. Lett. 39(17), 5142–5145 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2013 (6)

B. W. Mayer, C. R. Phillips, L. Gallmann, M. M. Fejer, and U. Keller, “Sub-four-cycle laser pulses directly from a high-repetition-rate optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier at 3.4 μm,” Opt. Lett. 38(21), 4265–4268 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Lang, A. Harth, J. Matyschok, T. Binhammer, M. Schultze, and U. Morgner, “Impact of temporal, spatial and cascaded effects on the pulse formation in ultra-broadband parametric amplifiers,” Opt. Express 21(1), 949–959 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Fischer, A. Sperl, P. Cörlin, M. Schönwald, H. Rietz, A. Palacios, A. González-Castrillo, F. Martín, T. Pfeifer, J. Ullrich, A. Senftleben, and R. Moshammer, “Electron localization involving doubly excited states in broadband extreme ultraviolet ionization of H2.,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(21), 213002 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Matyschok, T. Lang, T. Binhammer, O. Prochnow, S. Rausch, M. Schultze, A. Harth, P. Rudawski, C. L. Arnold, A. L’Huillier, and U. Morgner, “Temporal and spatial effects inside a compact and CEP stabilized, few-cycle OPCPA system at high repetition rates,” Opt. Express 21(24), 29656–29665 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Krebs, S. Hädrich, S. Demmler, J. Rothhardt, A. Zair, L. Chipperfield, J. Limpert, and A. Tünnermann, “Towards isolated attosecond pulses at megahertz repetition rates,” Nat. Photonics 7(7), 555–559 (2013).
[Crossref]

F. J. Furch, S. Birkner, F. Kelkensberg, A. Giree, A. Anderson, C. P. Schulz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Carrier-envelope phase stable few-cycle pulses at 400 kHz for electron-ion coincidence experiments,” Opt. Express 21(19), 22671–22682 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2012 (8)

J. Rothhardt, S. Demmler, S. Hädrich, J. Limpert, and A. Tünnermann, “Octave-spanning OPCPA system delivering CEP-stable few-cycle pulses and 22 W of average power at 1 MHz repetition rate,” Opt. Express 20(10), 10870–10878 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S. Hädrich, J. Rothhardt, M. Krebs, S. Demmler, J. Limpert, and A. Tünnermann, “Improving carrier-envelope phase stability in optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifiers by control of timing jitter,” Opt. Lett. 37(23), 4910–4912 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Biegert, P. K. Bates, and O. Chalus, “New Mid-Infrared Light Sources,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(1), 531–540 (2012).
[Crossref]

B. A. Reagan, K. A. Wernsing, A. H. Curtis, F. J. Furch, B. M. Luther, D. Patel, C. S. Menoni, and J. J. Rocca, “Demonstration of a 100 Hz repetition rate gain-saturated diode-pumped table-top soft x-ray laser,” Opt. Lett. 37(17), 3624–3626 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. E. Miller, L. E. Zapata, D. J. Ripin, and T. Y. Fan, “Sub-picosecond pulses at 100 W average power from a Yb:YLF chirped-pulse amplification system,” Opt. Lett. 37(13), 2700–2702 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. Bergues, M. Kübel, N. G. Johnson, B. Fischer, N. Camus, K. J. Betsch, O. Herrwerth, A. Senftleben, A. M. Sayler, T. Rathje, T. Pfeifer, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. R. Jones, G. G. Paulus, F. Krausz, R. Moshammer, J. Ullrich, and M. F. Kling, “Attosecond tracing of correlated electron-emission in non-sequential double ionization,” Nat. Commun. 3, 813 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. Camus, B. Fischer, M. Kremer, V. Sharma, A. Rudenko, B. Bergues, M. Kübel, N. G. Johnson, M. F. Kling, T. Pfeifer, J. Ullrich, and R. Moshammer, “Attosecond correlated dynamics of two electrons passing through a transition state,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108(7), 073003 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

T. Witting, S. J. Weber, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, “Spatio-temporal characterization of mid-infrared laser pulses with spatially encoded spectral shearing interferometry,” Opt. Express 20(27), 27974–27980 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2011 (2)

2010 (4)

T. Eidam, S. Hanf, E. Seise, T. V. Andersen, T. Gabler, C. Wirth, T. Schreiber, J. Limpert, and A. Tünnermann, “Femtosecond fiber CPA system emitting 830 W average output power,” Opt. Lett. 35(2), 94–96 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature 465(7299), 763–766 (2010).
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E. Goulielmakis, Z.-H. Loh, A. Wirth, R. Santra, N. Rohringer, V. S. Yakovlev, S. Zherebtsov, T. Pfeifer, A. M. Azzeer, M. F. Kling, S. R. Leone, and F. Krausz, “Real-time observation of valence electron motion,” Nature 466(7307), 739–743 (2010).
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J. Bromage, C. Dorrer, and J. D. Zuegel, “Angular-dispersion-induced spatiotemporal aberrations in noncollinear optical parametric amplifiers,” Opt. Lett. 35(13), 2251–2253 (2010).
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2009 (3)

F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys. 81(1), 163–234 (2009).
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O. Ghafur, W. Siu, P. Johnsson, M. F. Kling, M. Drescher, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “A velocity map imaging detector with an integrated gas injection system,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80(3), 033110 (2009).
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P. Russbueldt, T. Mans, G. Rotarius, J. Weitenberg, H. D. Hoffmann, and R. Poprawe, “400 W Yb:YAG innoslab fs-amplifier,” Opt. Express 17(15), 12230–12245 (2009).
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2008 (1)

2007 (1)

2006 (1)

M. F. Kling, Ch. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312(5771), 246–248 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2004 (1)

F. Lindner, G. G. Paulus, H. Walther, A. Baltuška, E. Goulielmakis, M. Lezius, and F. Krausz, “Gouy Phase Shift for Few-Cycle Laser Pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(11), 113001 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2003 (3)

G. G. Paulus, F. Lindner, H. Walther, A. Baltuška, E. Goulielmakis, M. Lezius, and F. Krausz, “Measurement of the phase of few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(25), 253004 (2003).
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J. Ullrich, R. Moshammer, A. Dorn, R. Dörner, L. P. H. Schmidt, and H. Schmidt-Böcking, “Recoil-ion and electron momentum spectroscopy: reaction-microscopes,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 66(9), 1463–1545 (2003).
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E. Innerhofer, T. Südmeyer, F. Brunner, R. Häring, A. Aschwanden, R. Paschotta, C. Hönninger, M. Kumkar, and U. Keller, “60-W average power in 810-fs pulses from a thin-disk Yb:YAG laser,” Opt. Lett. 28(5), 367–369 (2003).
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2002 (1)

M. Drescher, M. Hentschel, R. Kienberger, M. Uiberacker, V. Yakovlev, A. Scrinzi, T. Westerwalbesloh, U. Kleineberg, U. Heinzmann, and F. Krausz, “Time-resolved atomic inner-shell spectroscopy,” Nature 419(6909), 803–807 (2002).
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2001 (1)

2000 (1)

R. Dörner, V. Mergel, O. Jagutzki, L. Spielberger, J. Ullrich, R. Moshammer, and H. Schmidt-Böcking, “Cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy: a ‘momentum microscope’ to view atomic collision dynamics,” Phys. Rep. 330(2-3), 95–192 (2000).
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1999 (2)

A. Shirakawa, I. Sakane, M. Takasaka, and T. Kobayashi, “Sub-5-fs visible pulse generation by pulse-front-matched noncollinear optical parametric amplification,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 74(16), 2268–2270 (1999).
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H. G. Muller, “An efficient propagation scheme for the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in the velocity gauge,” Laser Phys. 9, 138–148 (1999).

1998 (1)

1994 (1)

G. G. Paulus, W. Nicklich, H. Xu, P. Lambropoulos, and H. Walther, “Plateau in above threshold ionization spectra,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 72(18), 2851–2854 (1994).
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1987 (1)

D. W. Chandler and P. L. Houston, “Two-dimensional imaging of state-selected photodissociation products detected by multiphoton ionization,” J. Chem. Phys. 87(2), 1445–1447 (1987).
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Ahrens, J.

M. Puppin, Y. Deng, O. Prochnow, J. Ahrens, T. Binhammer, U. Morgner, M. Krenz, M. Wolf, and R. Ernstorfer, “500 kHz OPCPA delivering tunable sub-20 fs pulses with 15 W average power based on an all-ytterbium laser,” Opt. Express 23(2), 1491–1497 (2015).
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P. Rudawski, A. Harth, C. Guo, E. Lorek, M. Miranda, C. M. Heyl, E. W. Larsen, J. Ahrens, O. Prochnow, T. Binhammer, U. Morgner, J. Mauritsson, A. L’Huillier, and C. L. Arnold, “Carrier-envelope phase dependent high-order harmonic generation with a high-repetition rate OPCPA-system,” Eur. Phys. J. D 69(3), 70 (2015).
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Andersen, T. V.

Anderson, A.

Antipenkov, R.

Arnold, C. L.

Aschwanden, A.

Azzeer, A. M.

E. Goulielmakis, Z.-H. Loh, A. Wirth, R. Santra, N. Rohringer, V. S. Yakovlev, S. Zherebtsov, T. Pfeifer, A. M. Azzeer, M. F. Kling, S. R. Leone, and F. Krausz, “Real-time observation of valence electron motion,” Nature 466(7307), 739–743 (2010).
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Bach, F.

Baltuška, A.

L. Zhang, X. H. Xie, S. Roither, D. Kartashov, Y. L. Wang, C. L. Wang, M. Schoffler, D. Shafir, P. B. Corkum, A. Baltuška, I. Ivanov, A. Kheifets, X. J. Liu, A. Staudte, and M. Kitzler, “Laser-sub-cycle two-dimensional electron-momentum mapping using orthogonal two-color fields,” Phys. Rev. A 90(6), 061401 (2014).
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F. Lindner, G. G. Paulus, H. Walther, A. Baltuška, E. Goulielmakis, M. Lezius, and F. Krausz, “Gouy Phase Shift for Few-Cycle Laser Pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(11), 113001 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. G. Paulus, F. Lindner, H. Walther, A. Baltuška, E. Goulielmakis, M. Lezius, and F. Krausz, “Measurement of the phase of few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(25), 253004 (2003).
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Bates, P. K.

J. Biegert, P. K. Bates, and O. Chalus, “New Mid-Infrared Light Sources,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(1), 531–540 (2012).
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Beil, K.

Belkacem, A.

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
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Benedetti, E.

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature 465(7299), 763–766 (2010).
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Ben-Itzhak, I.

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
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B. Bergues, M. Kübel, N. G. Johnson, B. Fischer, N. Camus, K. J. Betsch, O. Herrwerth, A. Senftleben, A. M. Sayler, T. Rathje, T. Pfeifer, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. R. Jones, G. G. Paulus, F. Krausz, R. Moshammer, J. Ullrich, and M. F. Kling, “Attosecond tracing of correlated electron-emission in non-sequential double ionization,” Nat. Commun. 3, 813 (2012).
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Bergues, B.

B. Bergues, M. Kübel, N. G. Johnson, B. Fischer, N. Camus, K. J. Betsch, O. Herrwerth, A. Senftleben, A. M. Sayler, T. Rathje, T. Pfeifer, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. R. Jones, G. G. Paulus, F. Krausz, R. Moshammer, J. Ullrich, and M. F. Kling, “Attosecond tracing of correlated electron-emission in non-sequential double ionization,” Nat. Commun. 3, 813 (2012).
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N. Camus, B. Fischer, M. Kremer, V. Sharma, A. Rudenko, B. Bergues, M. Kübel, N. G. Johnson, M. F. Kling, T. Pfeifer, J. Ullrich, and R. Moshammer, “Attosecond correlated dynamics of two electrons passing through a transition state,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108(7), 073003 (2012).
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Bessing, R.

Betsch, K. J.

B. Bergues, M. Kübel, N. G. Johnson, B. Fischer, N. Camus, K. J. Betsch, O. Herrwerth, A. Senftleben, A. M. Sayler, T. Rathje, T. Pfeifer, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. R. Jones, G. G. Paulus, F. Krausz, R. Moshammer, J. Ullrich, and M. F. Kling, “Attosecond tracing of correlated electron-emission in non-sequential double ionization,” Nat. Commun. 3, 813 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Biegert, J.

J. Biegert, P. K. Bates, and O. Chalus, “New Mid-Infrared Light Sources,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(1), 531–540 (2012).
[Crossref]

Binhammer, T.

Birkner, S.

Bocharova, I.

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
[Crossref]

Boge, R.

M. Sabbar, S. Heuser, R. Boge, M. Lucchini, L. Gallmann, C. Cirelli, and U. Keller, “Combining attosecond XUV pulses with coincidence spectroscopy,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85(10), 103113 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bowlan, P.

Bromage, J.

Brunner, F.

Camus, N.

B. Bergues, M. Kübel, N. G. Johnson, B. Fischer, N. Camus, K. J. Betsch, O. Herrwerth, A. Senftleben, A. M. Sayler, T. Rathje, T. Pfeifer, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. R. Jones, G. G. Paulus, F. Krausz, R. Moshammer, J. Ullrich, and M. F. Kling, “Attosecond tracing of correlated electron-emission in non-sequential double ionization,” Nat. Commun. 3, 813 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. Camus, B. Fischer, M. Kremer, V. Sharma, A. Rudenko, B. Bergues, M. Kübel, N. G. Johnson, M. F. Kling, T. Pfeifer, J. Ullrich, and R. Moshammer, “Attosecond correlated dynamics of two electrons passing through a transition state,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108(7), 073003 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Cerullo, G.

Chalus, O.

J. Biegert, P. K. Bates, and O. Chalus, “New Mid-Infrared Light Sources,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 18(1), 531–540 (2012).
[Crossref]

Chandler, D. W.

D. W. Chandler and P. L. Houston, “Two-dimensional imaging of state-selected photodissociation products detected by multiphoton ionization,” J. Chem. Phys. 87(2), 1445–1447 (1987).
[Crossref]

Chipperfield, L.

M. Krebs, S. Hädrich, S. Demmler, J. Rothhardt, A. Zair, L. Chipperfield, J. Limpert, and A. Tünnermann, “Towards isolated attosecond pulses at megahertz repetition rates,” Nat. Photonics 7(7), 555–559 (2013).
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Cirelli, C.

M. Sabbar, S. Heuser, R. Boge, M. Lucchini, L. Gallmann, C. Cirelli, and U. Keller, “Combining attosecond XUV pulses with coincidence spectroscopy,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85(10), 103113 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Cocke, C. L.

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
[Crossref]

Corkum, P. B.

L. Zhang, X. H. Xie, S. Roither, D. Kartashov, Y. L. Wang, C. L. Wang, M. Schoffler, D. Shafir, P. B. Corkum, A. Baltuška, I. Ivanov, A. Kheifets, X. J. Liu, A. Staudte, and M. Kitzler, “Laser-sub-cycle two-dimensional electron-momentum mapping using orthogonal two-color fields,” Phys. Rev. A 90(6), 061401 (2014).
[Crossref]

Cörlin, P.

A. Fischer, A. Sperl, P. Cörlin, M. Schönwald, H. Rietz, A. Palacios, A. González-Castrillo, F. Martín, T. Pfeifer, J. Ullrich, A. Senftleben, and R. Moshammer, “Electron localization involving doubly excited states in broadband extreme ultraviolet ionization of H2.,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(21), 213002 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Coughlan, M. A.

Curtis, A. H.

De Silvestri, S.

Demmler, S.

Deng, Y.

Dorn, A.

J. Ullrich, R. Moshammer, A. Dorn, R. Dörner, L. P. H. Schmidt, and H. Schmidt-Böcking, “Recoil-ion and electron momentum spectroscopy: reaction-microscopes,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 66(9), 1463–1545 (2003).
[Crossref]

Dörner, R.

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
[Crossref]

J. Ullrich, R. Moshammer, A. Dorn, R. Dörner, L. P. H. Schmidt, and H. Schmidt-Böcking, “Recoil-ion and electron momentum spectroscopy: reaction-microscopes,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 66(9), 1463–1545 (2003).
[Crossref]

R. Dörner, V. Mergel, O. Jagutzki, L. Spielberger, J. Ullrich, R. Moshammer, and H. Schmidt-Böcking, “Cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy: a ‘momentum microscope’ to view atomic collision dynamics,” Phys. Rep. 330(2-3), 95–192 (2000).
[Crossref]

Dorrer, C.

Drescher, M.

O. Ghafur, W. Siu, P. Johnsson, M. F. Kling, M. Drescher, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “A velocity map imaging detector with an integrated gas injection system,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80(3), 033110 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. F. Kling, Ch. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, T. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science 312(5771), 246–248 (2006).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Drescher, M. Hentschel, R. Kienberger, M. Uiberacker, V. Yakovlev, A. Scrinzi, T. Westerwalbesloh, U. Kleineberg, U. Heinzmann, and F. Krausz, “Time-resolved atomic inner-shell spectroscopy,” Nature 419(6909), 803–807 (2002).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Eidam, T.

Ernstorfer, R.

Fan, T. Y.

Fejer, M. M.

Ferrari, F.

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature 465(7299), 763–766 (2010).
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Fischer, A.

A. Fischer, A. Sperl, P. Cörlin, M. Schönwald, H. Rietz, A. Palacios, A. González-Castrillo, F. Martín, T. Pfeifer, J. Ullrich, A. Senftleben, and R. Moshammer, “Electron localization involving doubly excited states in broadband extreme ultraviolet ionization of H2.,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(21), 213002 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fischer, B.

B. Bergues, M. Kübel, N. G. Johnson, B. Fischer, N. Camus, K. J. Betsch, O. Herrwerth, A. Senftleben, A. M. Sayler, T. Rathje, T. Pfeifer, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. R. Jones, G. G. Paulus, F. Krausz, R. Moshammer, J. Ullrich, and M. F. Kling, “Attosecond tracing of correlated electron-emission in non-sequential double ionization,” Nat. Commun. 3, 813 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

N. Camus, B. Fischer, M. Kremer, V. Sharma, A. Rudenko, B. Bergues, M. Kübel, N. G. Johnson, M. F. Kling, T. Pfeifer, J. Ullrich, and R. Moshammer, “Attosecond correlated dynamics of two electrons passing through a transition state,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108(7), 073003 (2012).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fujihira, Y.

Furch, F. J.

Gabler, T.

Gabolde, P.

Gaire, B.

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
[Crossref]

Gallmann, L.

M. Sabbar, S. Heuser, R. Boge, M. Lucchini, L. Gallmann, C. Cirelli, and U. Keller, “Combining attosecond XUV pulses with coincidence spectroscopy,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85(10), 103113 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

B. W. Mayer, C. R. Phillips, L. Gallmann, M. M. Fejer, and U. Keller, “Sub-four-cycle laser pulses directly from a high-repetition-rate optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier at 3.4 μm,” Opt. Lett. 38(21), 4265–4268 (2013).
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Gassert, H.

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
[Crossref]

Gatton, A.

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
[Crossref]

Gehrken, N.

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
[Crossref]

Geng, X. T.

Ghafur, O.

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature 465(7299), 763–766 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

O. Ghafur, W. Siu, P. Johnsson, M. F. Kling, M. Drescher, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “A velocity map imaging detector with an integrated gas injection system,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80(3), 033110 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Giree, A.

González-Castrillo, A.

A. Fischer, A. Sperl, P. Cörlin, M. Schönwald, H. Rietz, A. Palacios, A. González-Castrillo, F. Martín, T. Pfeifer, J. Ullrich, A. Senftleben, and R. Moshammer, “Electron localization involving doubly excited states in broadband extreme ultraviolet ionization of H2.,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 110(21), 213002 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Goulielmakis, E.

E. Goulielmakis, Z.-H. Loh, A. Wirth, R. Santra, N. Rohringer, V. S. Yakovlev, S. Zherebtsov, T. Pfeifer, A. M. Azzeer, M. F. Kling, S. R. Leone, and F. Krausz, “Real-time observation of valence electron motion,” Nature 466(7307), 739–743 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

F. Lindner, G. G. Paulus, H. Walther, A. Baltuška, E. Goulielmakis, M. Lezius, and F. Krausz, “Gouy Phase Shift for Few-Cycle Laser Pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(11), 113001 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

G. G. Paulus, F. Lindner, H. Walther, A. Baltuška, E. Goulielmakis, M. Lezius, and F. Krausz, “Measurement of the phase of few-cycle laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 91(25), 253004 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gronloh, B.

Guo, C.

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L’Huillier, A.

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Larsen, E. W.

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Lezius, M.

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L. Zhang, X. H. Xie, S. Roither, D. Kartashov, Y. L. Wang, C. L. Wang, M. Schoffler, D. Shafir, P. B. Corkum, A. Baltuška, I. Ivanov, A. Kheifets, X. J. Liu, A. Staudte, and M. Kitzler, “Laser-sub-cycle two-dimensional electron-momentum mapping using orthogonal two-color fields,” Phys. Rev. A 90(6), 061401 (2014).
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A. Shirakawa, I. Sakane, M. Takasaka, and T. Kobayashi, “Sub-5-fs visible pulse generation by pulse-front-matched noncollinear optical parametric amplification,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 74(16), 2268–2270 (1999).
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R. Riedel, J. Rothhardt, K. Beil, B. Gronloh, A. Klenke, H. Höppner, M. Schulz, U. Teubner, C. Kränkel, J. Limpert, A. Tünnermann, M. J. Prandolini, and F. Tavella, “Thermal properties of borate crystals for high power optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification,” Opt. Express 22(15), 17607–17619 (2014).
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M. Drescher, M. Hentschel, R. Kienberger, M. Uiberacker, V. Yakovlev, A. Scrinzi, T. Westerwalbesloh, U. Kleineberg, U. Heinzmann, and F. Krausz, “Time-resolved atomic inner-shell spectroscopy,” Nature 419(6909), 803–807 (2002).
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G. G. Paulus, W. Nicklich, H. Xu, P. Lambropoulos, and H. Walther, “Plateau in above threshold ionization spectra,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 72(18), 2851–2854 (1994).
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M. Drescher, M. Hentschel, R. Kienberger, M. Uiberacker, V. Yakovlev, A. Scrinzi, T. Westerwalbesloh, U. Kleineberg, U. Heinzmann, and F. Krausz, “Time-resolved atomic inner-shell spectroscopy,” Nature 419(6909), 803–807 (2002).
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E. Goulielmakis, Z.-H. Loh, A. Wirth, R. Santra, N. Rohringer, V. S. Yakovlev, S. Zherebtsov, T. Pfeifer, A. M. Azzeer, M. F. Kling, S. R. Leone, and F. Krausz, “Real-time observation of valence electron motion,” Nature 466(7307), 739–743 (2010).
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Zair, A.

M. Krebs, S. Hädrich, S. Demmler, J. Rothhardt, A. Zair, L. Chipperfield, J. Limpert, and A. Tünnermann, “Towards isolated attosecond pulses at megahertz repetition rates,” Nat. Photonics 7(7), 555–559 (2013).
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Zaukevicius, A.

Zeller, S.

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
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L. Zhang, X. H. Xie, S. Roither, D. Kartashov, Y. L. Wang, C. L. Wang, M. Schoffler, D. Shafir, P. B. Corkum, A. Baltuška, I. Ivanov, A. Kheifets, X. J. Liu, A. Staudte, and M. Kitzler, “Laser-sub-cycle two-dimensional electron-momentum mapping using orthogonal two-color fields,” Phys. Rev. A 90(6), 061401 (2014).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature 465(7299), 763–766 (2010).
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Zohrabi, M.

B. Gaire, D. J. Haxton, F. P. Sturm, J. Williams, A. Gatton, I. Bocharova, N. Gehrken, M. Schoffler, H. Gassert, S. Zeller, J. Voigtsberger, T. Jahnke, M. Zohrabi, D. Reedy, C. Nook, A. L. Landers, A. Belkacem, C. L. Cocke, I. Ben-Itzhak, R. Dörner, and T. Weber, “Auger decay and subsequent fragmentation pathways of ethylene following K-shell ionization,” Phys. Rev. A 92(1), 013408 (2015).
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A. Shirakawa, I. Sakane, M. Takasaka, and T. Kobayashi, “Sub-5-fs visible pulse generation by pulse-front-matched noncollinear optical parametric amplification,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 74(16), 2268–2270 (1999).
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G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. Morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. Lépine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’huillier, M. Y. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature 465(7299), 763–766 (2010).
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F. J. Furch, S. Birkner, F. Kelkensberg, A. Giree, A. Anderson, C. P. Schulz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Carrier-envelope phase stable few-cycle pulses at 400 kHz for electron-ion coincidence experiments,” Opt. Express 21(19), 22671–22682 (2013).
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R. Riedel, J. Rothhardt, K. Beil, B. Gronloh, A. Klenke, H. Höppner, M. Schulz, U. Teubner, C. Kränkel, J. Limpert, A. Tünnermann, M. J. Prandolini, and F. Tavella, “Thermal properties of borate crystals for high power optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification,” Opt. Express 22(15), 17607–17619 (2014).
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P. Russbueldt, T. Mans, G. Rotarius, J. Weitenberg, H. D. Hoffmann, and R. Poprawe, “400 W Yb:YAG innoslab fs-amplifier,” Opt. Express 17(15), 12230–12245 (2009).
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J. Rothhardt, S. Demmler, S. Hädrich, J. Limpert, and A. Tünnermann, “Octave-spanning OPCPA system delivering CEP-stable few-cycle pulses and 22 W of average power at 1 MHz repetition rate,” Opt. Express 20(10), 10870–10878 (2012).
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M. Puppin, Y. Deng, O. Prochnow, J. Ahrens, T. Binhammer, U. Morgner, M. Krenz, M. Wolf, and R. Ernstorfer, “500 kHz OPCPA delivering tunable sub-20 fs pulses with 15 W average power based on an all-ytterbium laser,” Opt. Express 23(2), 1491–1497 (2015).
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S. Prinz, M. Haefner, C. Y. Teisset, R. Bessing, K. Michel, Y. Lee, X. T. Geng, S. Kim, D. E. Kim, T. Metzger, and M. Schultze, “CEP-stable, sub-6 fs, 300-kHz OPCPA system with more than 15 W of average power,” Opt. Express 23(2), 1388–1394 (2015).
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J. Bromage, C. Dorrer, and J. D. Zuegel, “Angular-dispersion-induced spatiotemporal aberrations in noncollinear optical parametric amplifiers,” Opt. Lett. 35(13), 2251–2253 (2010).
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Phys. Rep. (1)

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J. Bromage, C. Dorrer, and J. D. Zuegel, “Performance trade-offs for high-repetition-rate noncollinear optical parametric amplifiers,” in Lasers, Sources and Related Photonic Devices, OSA Technical Digest Series (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2010), paper ATuA23.

A. Giree, F. J. Furch, M. Mero, G. Arisholm, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Analysis of spatiotemporal couplings in noncollinear optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifiers,” in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest (2016) (Optical Society of America, 2016), paper SF2I.7.
[Crossref]

J. Bromage, C. Dorrer, and J. D. Zuegel, “High-resolution spatio-spectral characterization of noncollinear optical parametric amplifiers,” in Lasers, Sources and Related Photonic Devices, OSA Technical Digest Series (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2010), paper AME5.

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Figures (11)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 (a) Block diagram of the amplifier system, delivering high repetition rate (400-800 kHz) CEP-stable few-cycle laser pulses at an average output power of 5 W. (b) Schematic of the NOPA.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Pulse spectrum out of each BBO crystal for (a) operation at 400 kHz and (b) operation at 800 kHz.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Spectral fringes measured in the f-to-2f interferometer as a function of time while operating the parametric amplifier at 400 kHz.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Experimentally retrieved pulse shape through a SPIDER measurement (blue) and transform-limited pulse shape (red) obtained by Fourier transformation of the measured spectrum. The temporal phase from the SPIDER measurement is shown as well (green curve).

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 NOPA output power with and without delay stabilization system.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 (a) Logarithm of the normalized intensity distribution in the λ-x plane for the 4.8 W output. (b) Integration over wavelength of linear intensity distribution.

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Fig. 7
Fig. 7 Spatially-resolved SPIDER measurements for the 4.8 W output. (a) Near field distribution. The black dots indicate the position where the aperture was placed. (b) Measured spectra and spectral phase differences with respect to the spectral phase of the central point. (c) Retrieved temporal pulse shapes. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the positions of the dots on the near field distribution and the position of the spectrum or pulse shape in the 3 by 3 matrix of graphs.

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Fig. 8
Fig. 8 (a) Logarithm of the normalized intensity distribution in the λ-x plane for a measurement with a 1.5 mm thickness for BBO 3 (4.4 W output). (b) Integration over the wavelength of the linear intensity distribution.

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Fig. 9
Fig. 9 Spatially-resolved SPIDER measurements for the 4.4 W output. (a) Near field distribution. The black dots indicate the position where the aperture was located. (b) Measured spectra and spectral phase differences with respect to the spectral phase of the central point. (c) Retrieved temporal pulse shapes.

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Fig. 10
Fig. 10 (a) Calculated two-dimensional, angle-resolved photoelectron kinetic energy distribution plotted on a logarithmic color-scale. The angles are measured with respect to one direction along the laser polarization. The two angular regions utilized to calculate the asymmetry parameter are shown schematically. The different radii show different values of the kinetic energy in atomic units. Only electrons with kinetic energy higher than 0.6 atomic units were considered for the asymmetry calculation (b) Asymmetry parameter as a function of CEP for the four different field distributions described in the text. The three insets illustrate the temporal shape of the (ideal) electric field at different values of the CEP.

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Fig. 11
Fig. 11 Field temporal asymmetry in the interaction region for cases I (ideal) and III (pulse front tilt). (a) and (b) show the normalized electric field amplitude as a function of time and position for cases I and III respectively. (c) and (d) show the electric field amplitude as a function of time at three particular positions for cases I and III respectively. (e) and (f) quantify the temporal asymmetry of fields I and III respectively at different positions across the beam profile for different values of the CEP.

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Equations (4)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

S(λ)= [ e − (λ− λ 0 ) 2 / σ 2 ] 2
W(λ)={ [ e − (λ− λ 1 ) 2 / σ 1 2 ] 2 ;λ<650nm 1;650nm≤λ≤1050nm [ e − (λ− λ 2 ) 2 / σ 2 2 ] 2 ;λ>1050nm }
A= N R − N L N R + N L
FA= 1 E max ( t 2 − t 1 ) ∫ t 1 t 2 E(t)dt

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