Abstract

We demonstrate enhanced absorption in solar cells and enhanced light emission in OLEDs by light interaction with a periodically structured microlens array. We simulate n-i-p perovskite solar cells with a microlens at the air-glass interface, with rigorous scattering matrix simulations. The microlens focuses light in nanoscale regions within the absorber layer enhancing the solar cell. Optimal period of ~700 nm and microlens height of ~800-1000 nm, provides absorption (photocurrent) enhancement of 6% (6.3%). An external polymer microlens array on the air-glass side of the OLED generates experimental and theoretical enhancements >100%, by outcoupling trapped modes in the glass substrate.

© 2017 Optical Society of America

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  1. “Best Research Cell Efficiencies,” National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
  2. M. Long, Z. Chen, T. Zhang, Y. Xiao, X. Zeng, J. Chen, K. Yan, and J. Xu, “Ultrathin efficient perovskite solar cells employing a periodic structure of a composite hole conductor for elevated plasmonic light harvesting and hole collection,” Nanoscale 8(12), 6290–6299 (2016).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
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    [Crossref]
  4. S. Carretero-Palacios, M. E. Calvo, and H. Míguez, “Absorption Enhancement in Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Films with Embedded Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles,” J Phys Chem C 119(32), 18635–18640 (2015).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  5. Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
    [Crossref]
  6. Q. G. Du, G. Shen, and S. John, “Light-trapping in perovskite solar cells,” AIP Adv. 6(6), 065002 (2016).
    [Crossref]
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    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  8. D. Shi, Y. Zeng, and W. Shen, “Perovskite/c-Si tandem solar cell with inverted nanopyramids: realizing high efficiency by controllable light trapping,” Sci. Rep. 5(1), 16504 (2015).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  9. S. M. Iftiquar and J. Yi, “Numerical simulation and light trapping in perovskite solar cell,” J. Photon. Ener. 6(2), 025507 (2016).
    [Crossref]
  10. M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
    [Crossref]
  11. H.-L. Hsu, T.-Y. Juang, C.-P. Chen, C.-M. Hsieh, C.-C. Yang, C.-L. Huang, and R.-J. Jeng, “Enhanced efficiency of organic and perovskite photovoltaics from shape-dependent broadband plasmonic effects of silver nanoplates,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 140, 224–231 (2015).
    [Crossref]
  12. W. Zhang, M. Saliba, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, X. Shi, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Enhancement of perovskite-based solar cells employing core-shell metal nanoparticles,” Nano Lett. 13(9), 4505–4510 (2013).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. Y. Chen, M. Elshobaki, R. Gebhardt, S. Bergeson, M. Noack, J.-M. Park, A. C. Hillier, K.-M. Ho, R. Biswas, and S. Chaudhary, “Reducing optical losses in organic solar cells using microlens arrays: theoretical and experimental investigation of microlens dimensions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17(5), 3723–3730 (2015).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  14. Z.-Y. Li and L.-L. Lin, “Photonic band structures solved by a plane-wave-based transfer-matrix method,” Phys. Rev. E 67(4), 046607 (2003).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  15. R. Biswas and C. Xu, “Nano-crystalline silicon solar cell architecture with absorption at the classical 4n(2) limit,” Opt. Express 19(S4), A664–A672 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  16. A. Peer and R. Biswas, “Nanophotonic Organic Solar Cell Architecture for Advanced Light Trapping with Dual Photonic Crystals,” ACS Photonics 1(9), 840–847 (2014).
    [Crossref]
  17. J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
    [Crossref]
  18. P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  19. A. Peer and R. Biswas, “Extraordinary optical transmission in nanopatterned ultrathin metal films without holes,” Nanoscale 8(8), 4657–4666 (2016).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  20. Z. Yu, A. Raman, and S. Fan, “Fundamental limit of nanophotonic light trapping in solar cells,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107(41), 17491–17496 (2010).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  21. S. Pattnaik, N. Chakravarty, R. Biswas, V. Dalal, and D. Slafer, “Nano-photonic and nano-plasmonic enhancements in thin film silicon solar cells,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 129, 115–123 (2014).
    [Crossref]
  22. P. Pathi, A. Peer, and R. Biswas, “Nano-photonic structures for light trapping in ultra-thin crystalline silicon solar cells,” Nanomaterials 7(1), 17 (2017).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  23. J.-M. Park, Z. Gan, W. Y. Leung, R. Liu, Z. Ye, K. Constant, J. Shinar, R. Shinar, and K.-M. Ho, “Soft holographic interference lithography microlens for enhanced organic light emitting diode light extraction,” Opt. Express 19(S4), A786–A792 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  24. R. Liu, Z. Ye, J.-M. Park, M. Cai, Y. Chen, K.-M. Ho, R. Shinar, and J. Shinar, “Microporous phase-separated films of polymer blends for enhanced outcoupling of light from OLEDs,” Opt. Express 19(S6), A1272–A1280 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]

2017 (1)

P. Pathi, A. Peer, and R. Biswas, “Nano-photonic structures for light trapping in ultra-thin crystalline silicon solar cells,” Nanomaterials 7(1), 17 (2017).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2016 (5)

A. Peer and R. Biswas, “Extraordinary optical transmission in nanopatterned ultrathin metal films without holes,” Nanoscale 8(8), 4657–4666 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Long, Z. Chen, T. Zhang, Y. Xiao, X. Zeng, J. Chen, K. Yan, and J. Xu, “Ultrathin efficient perovskite solar cells employing a periodic structure of a composite hole conductor for elevated plasmonic light harvesting and hole collection,” Nanoscale 8(12), 6290–6299 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

S.-H. Lin, Y.-H. Su, H.-W. Cho, P.-Y. Kung, W.-P. Liao, and J.-J. Wu, “Nanophotonic Perovskite Solar Cell Architecture with Three-Dimensional TiO2 Nanodendrite Scaffold for Light Trapping and Electron Collection,” J. Mater. Chem. A 4(3), 1119–1125 (2016).
[Crossref]

S. M. Iftiquar and J. Yi, “Numerical simulation and light trapping in perovskite solar cell,” J. Photon. Ener. 6(2), 025507 (2016).
[Crossref]

Q. G. Du, G. Shen, and S. John, “Light-trapping in perovskite solar cells,” AIP Adv. 6(6), 065002 (2016).
[Crossref]

2015 (8)

Y. Chen, M. Elshobaki, R. Gebhardt, S. Bergeson, M. Noack, J.-M. Park, A. C. Hillier, K.-M. Ho, R. Biswas, and S. Chaudhary, “Reducing optical losses in organic solar cells using microlens arrays: theoretical and experimental investigation of microlens dimensions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17(5), 3723–3730 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. Shi, Y. Zeng, and W. Shen, “Perovskite/c-Si tandem solar cell with inverted nanopyramids: realizing high efficiency by controllable light trapping,” Sci. Rep. 5(1), 16504 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

H.-L. Hsu, T.-Y. Juang, C.-P. Chen, C.-M. Hsieh, C.-C. Yang, C.-L. Huang, and R.-J. Jeng, “Enhanced efficiency of organic and perovskite photovoltaics from shape-dependent broadband plasmonic effects of silver nanoplates,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 140, 224–231 (2015).
[Crossref]

S. Carretero-Palacios, M. E. Calvo, and H. Míguez, “Absorption Enhancement in Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Films with Embedded Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles,” J Phys Chem C 119(32), 18635–18640 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

2014 (3)

B. W. Schneider, N. N. Lal, S. Baker-Finch, and T. P. White, “Pyramidal surface textures for light trapping and antireflection in perovskite-on-silicon tandem solar cells,” Opt. Express 22(S6), A1422–A1430 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Peer and R. Biswas, “Nanophotonic Organic Solar Cell Architecture for Advanced Light Trapping with Dual Photonic Crystals,” ACS Photonics 1(9), 840–847 (2014).
[Crossref]

S. Pattnaik, N. Chakravarty, R. Biswas, V. Dalal, and D. Slafer, “Nano-photonic and nano-plasmonic enhancements in thin film silicon solar cells,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 129, 115–123 (2014).
[Crossref]

2013 (1)

W. Zhang, M. Saliba, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, X. Shi, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Enhancement of perovskite-based solar cells employing core-shell metal nanoparticles,” Nano Lett. 13(9), 4505–4510 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2011 (3)

2010 (1)

Z. Yu, A. Raman, and S. Fan, “Fundamental limit of nanophotonic light trapping in solar cells,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107(41), 17491–17496 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2003 (1)

Z.-Y. Li and L.-L. Lin, “Photonic band structures solved by a plane-wave-based transfer-matrix method,” Phys. Rev. E 67(4), 046607 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Baker-Finch, S.

Ball, J. M.

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

Ballif, C.

P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bergeson, S.

Y. Chen, M. Elshobaki, R. Gebhardt, S. Bergeson, M. Noack, J.-M. Park, A. C. Hillier, K.-M. Ho, R. Biswas, and S. Chaudhary, “Reducing optical losses in organic solar cells using microlens arrays: theoretical and experimental investigation of microlens dimensions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17(5), 3723–3730 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Biswas, R.

P. Pathi, A. Peer, and R. Biswas, “Nano-photonic structures for light trapping in ultra-thin crystalline silicon solar cells,” Nanomaterials 7(1), 17 (2017).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Peer and R. Biswas, “Extraordinary optical transmission in nanopatterned ultrathin metal films without holes,” Nanoscale 8(8), 4657–4666 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Y. Chen, M. Elshobaki, R. Gebhardt, S. Bergeson, M. Noack, J.-M. Park, A. C. Hillier, K.-M. Ho, R. Biswas, and S. Chaudhary, “Reducing optical losses in organic solar cells using microlens arrays: theoretical and experimental investigation of microlens dimensions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17(5), 3723–3730 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Peer and R. Biswas, “Nanophotonic Organic Solar Cell Architecture for Advanced Light Trapping with Dual Photonic Crystals,” ACS Photonics 1(9), 840–847 (2014).
[Crossref]

S. Pattnaik, N. Chakravarty, R. Biswas, V. Dalal, and D. Slafer, “Nano-photonic and nano-plasmonic enhancements in thin film silicon solar cells,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 129, 115–123 (2014).
[Crossref]

R. Biswas and C. Xu, “Nano-crystalline silicon solar cell architecture with absorption at the classical 4n(2) limit,” Opt. Express 19(S4), A664–A672 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Burlakov, V. M.

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

Cai, M.

Calvo, M. E.

S. Carretero-Palacios, M. E. Calvo, and H. Míguez, “Absorption Enhancement in Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Films with Embedded Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles,” J Phys Chem C 119(32), 18635–18640 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Carretero-Palacios, S.

S. Carretero-Palacios, M. E. Calvo, and H. Míguez, “Absorption Enhancement in Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Films with Embedded Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles,” J Phys Chem C 119(32), 18635–18640 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chakravarty, N.

S. Pattnaik, N. Chakravarty, R. Biswas, V. Dalal, and D. Slafer, “Nano-photonic and nano-plasmonic enhancements in thin film silicon solar cells,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 129, 115–123 (2014).
[Crossref]

Chaudhary, S.

Y. Chen, M. Elshobaki, R. Gebhardt, S. Bergeson, M. Noack, J.-M. Park, A. C. Hillier, K.-M. Ho, R. Biswas, and S. Chaudhary, “Reducing optical losses in organic solar cells using microlens arrays: theoretical and experimental investigation of microlens dimensions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17(5), 3723–3730 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chen, C.-P.

H.-L. Hsu, T.-Y. Juang, C.-P. Chen, C.-M. Hsieh, C.-C. Yang, C.-L. Huang, and R.-J. Jeng, “Enhanced efficiency of organic and perovskite photovoltaics from shape-dependent broadband plasmonic effects of silver nanoplates,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 140, 224–231 (2015).
[Crossref]

Chen, J.

M. Long, Z. Chen, T. Zhang, Y. Xiao, X. Zeng, J. Chen, K. Yan, and J. Xu, “Ultrathin efficient perovskite solar cells employing a periodic structure of a composite hole conductor for elevated plasmonic light harvesting and hole collection,” Nanoscale 8(12), 6290–6299 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chen, Y.

Y. Chen, M. Elshobaki, R. Gebhardt, S. Bergeson, M. Noack, J.-M. Park, A. C. Hillier, K.-M. Ho, R. Biswas, and S. Chaudhary, “Reducing optical losses in organic solar cells using microlens arrays: theoretical and experimental investigation of microlens dimensions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17(5), 3723–3730 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

R. Liu, Z. Ye, J.-M. Park, M. Cai, Y. Chen, K.-M. Ho, R. Shinar, and J. Shinar, “Microporous phase-separated films of polymer blends for enhanced outcoupling of light from OLEDs,” Opt. Express 19(S6), A1272–A1280 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chen, Z.

M. Long, Z. Chen, T. Zhang, Y. Xiao, X. Zeng, J. Chen, K. Yan, and J. Xu, “Ultrathin efficient perovskite solar cells employing a periodic structure of a composite hole conductor for elevated plasmonic light harvesting and hole collection,” Nanoscale 8(12), 6290–6299 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Cho, H.-W.

S.-H. Lin, Y.-H. Su, H.-W. Cho, P.-Y. Kung, W.-P. Liao, and J.-J. Wu, “Nanophotonic Perovskite Solar Cell Architecture with Three-Dimensional TiO2 Nanodendrite Scaffold for Light Trapping and Electron Collection,” J. Mater. Chem. A 4(3), 1119–1125 (2016).
[Crossref]

Constant, K.

Crossland, E. J. W.

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

Dalal, V.

S. Pattnaik, N. Chakravarty, R. Biswas, V. Dalal, and D. Slafer, “Nano-photonic and nano-plasmonic enhancements in thin film silicon solar cells,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 129, 115–123 (2014).
[Crossref]

De Wolf, S.

P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Du, Q. G.

Q. G. Du, G. Shen, and S. John, “Light-trapping in perovskite solar cells,” AIP Adv. 6(6), 065002 (2016).
[Crossref]

Elshobaki, M.

Y. Chen, M. Elshobaki, R. Gebhardt, S. Bergeson, M. Noack, J.-M. Park, A. C. Hillier, K.-M. Ho, R. Biswas, and S. Chaudhary, “Reducing optical losses in organic solar cells using microlens arrays: theoretical and experimental investigation of microlens dimensions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17(5), 3723–3730 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fan, S.

Z. Yu, A. Raman, and S. Fan, “Fundamental limit of nanophotonic light trapping in solar cells,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107(41), 17491–17496 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Filipic, M.

P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Friend, R. H.

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

Gan, Z.

Gebhardt, R.

Y. Chen, M. Elshobaki, R. Gebhardt, S. Bergeson, M. Noack, J.-M. Park, A. C. Hillier, K.-M. Ho, R. Biswas, and S. Chaudhary, “Reducing optical losses in organic solar cells using microlens arrays: theoretical and experimental investigation of microlens dimensions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17(5), 3723–3730 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gong, Q.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Goriely, A.

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

Hillier, A. C.

Y. Chen, M. Elshobaki, R. Gebhardt, S. Bergeson, M. Noack, J.-M. Park, A. C. Hillier, K.-M. Ho, R. Biswas, and S. Chaudhary, “Reducing optical losses in organic solar cells using microlens arrays: theoretical and experimental investigation of microlens dimensions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17(5), 3723–3730 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ho, K.-M.

Hörantner, M. T.

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

Hsieh, C.-M.

H.-L. Hsu, T.-Y. Juang, C.-P. Chen, C.-M. Hsieh, C.-C. Yang, C.-L. Huang, and R.-J. Jeng, “Enhanced efficiency of organic and perovskite photovoltaics from shape-dependent broadband plasmonic effects of silver nanoplates,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 140, 224–231 (2015).
[Crossref]

Hsu, H.-L.

H.-L. Hsu, T.-Y. Juang, C.-P. Chen, C.-M. Hsieh, C.-C. Yang, C.-L. Huang, and R.-J. Jeng, “Enhanced efficiency of organic and perovskite photovoltaics from shape-dependent broadband plasmonic effects of silver nanoplates,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 140, 224–231 (2015).
[Crossref]

Huang, C.-L.

H.-L. Hsu, T.-Y. Juang, C.-P. Chen, C.-M. Hsieh, C.-C. Yang, C.-L. Huang, and R.-J. Jeng, “Enhanced efficiency of organic and perovskite photovoltaics from shape-dependent broadband plasmonic effects of silver nanoplates,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 140, 224–231 (2015).
[Crossref]

Huang, Y.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Hüttner, S.

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

Iftiquar, S. M.

S. M. Iftiquar and J. Yi, “Numerical simulation and light trapping in perovskite solar cell,” J. Photon. Ener. 6(2), 025507 (2016).
[Crossref]

Jeng, R.-J.

H.-L. Hsu, T.-Y. Juang, C.-P. Chen, C.-M. Hsieh, C.-C. Yang, C.-L. Huang, and R.-J. Jeng, “Enhanced efficiency of organic and perovskite photovoltaics from shape-dependent broadband plasmonic effects of silver nanoplates,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 140, 224–231 (2015).
[Crossref]

John, S.

Q. G. Du, G. Shen, and S. John, “Light-trapping in perovskite solar cells,” AIP Adv. 6(6), 065002 (2016).
[Crossref]

Johnston, M. B.

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

Juang, T.-Y.

H.-L. Hsu, T.-Y. Juang, C.-P. Chen, C.-M. Hsieh, C.-C. Yang, C.-L. Huang, and R.-J. Jeng, “Enhanced efficiency of organic and perovskite photovoltaics from shape-dependent broadband plasmonic effects of silver nanoplates,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 140, 224–231 (2015).
[Crossref]

Kung, P.-Y.

S.-H. Lin, Y.-H. Su, H.-W. Cho, P.-Y. Kung, W.-P. Liao, and J.-J. Wu, “Nanophotonic Perovskite Solar Cell Architecture with Three-Dimensional TiO2 Nanodendrite Scaffold for Light Trapping and Electron Collection,” J. Mater. Chem. A 4(3), 1119–1125 (2016).
[Crossref]

Lal, N. N.

Leung, W. Y.

Li, Y.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
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Li, Z.-Y.

Z.-Y. Li and L.-L. Lin, “Photonic band structures solved by a plane-wave-based transfer-matrix method,” Phys. Rev. E 67(4), 046607 (2003).
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Liao, W.-P.

S.-H. Lin, Y.-H. Su, H.-W. Cho, P.-Y. Kung, W.-P. Liao, and J.-J. Wu, “Nanophotonic Perovskite Solar Cell Architecture with Three-Dimensional TiO2 Nanodendrite Scaffold for Light Trapping and Electron Collection,” J. Mater. Chem. A 4(3), 1119–1125 (2016).
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Lin, L.-L.

Z.-Y. Li and L.-L. Lin, “Photonic band structures solved by a plane-wave-based transfer-matrix method,” Phys. Rev. E 67(4), 046607 (2003).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lin, S.-H.

S.-H. Lin, Y.-H. Su, H.-W. Cho, P.-Y. Kung, W.-P. Liao, and J.-J. Wu, “Nanophotonic Perovskite Solar Cell Architecture with Three-Dimensional TiO2 Nanodendrite Scaffold for Light Trapping and Electron Collection,” J. Mater. Chem. A 4(3), 1119–1125 (2016).
[Crossref]

Liu, F.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Liu, R.

Long, M.

M. Long, Z. Chen, T. Zhang, Y. Xiao, X. Zeng, J. Chen, K. Yan, and J. Xu, “Ultrathin efficient perovskite solar cells employing a periodic structure of a composite hole conductor for elevated plasmonic light harvesting and hole collection,” Nanoscale 8(12), 6290–6299 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Löper, P.

P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lu, Z.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Ma, Y.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Míguez, H.

S. Carretero-Palacios, M. E. Calvo, and H. Míguez, “Absorption Enhancement in Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Films with Embedded Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles,” J Phys Chem C 119(32), 18635–18640 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Moon, S.-J.

P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Niesen, B.

P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Noack, M.

Y. Chen, M. Elshobaki, R. Gebhardt, S. Bergeson, M. Noack, J.-M. Park, A. C. Hillier, K.-M. Ho, R. Biswas, and S. Chaudhary, “Reducing optical losses in organic solar cells using microlens arrays: theoretical and experimental investigation of microlens dimensions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17(5), 3723–3730 (2015).
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Pan, X.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Park, J.-M.

Pathi, P.

P. Pathi, A. Peer, and R. Biswas, “Nano-photonic structures for light trapping in ultra-thin crystalline silicon solar cells,” Nanomaterials 7(1), 17 (2017).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Pattnaik, S.

S. Pattnaik, N. Chakravarty, R. Biswas, V. Dalal, and D. Slafer, “Nano-photonic and nano-plasmonic enhancements in thin film silicon solar cells,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 129, 115–123 (2014).
[Crossref]

Peer, A.

P. Pathi, A. Peer, and R. Biswas, “Nano-photonic structures for light trapping in ultra-thin crystalline silicon solar cells,” Nanomaterials 7(1), 17 (2017).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Peer and R. Biswas, “Extraordinary optical transmission in nanopatterned ultrathin metal films without holes,” Nanoscale 8(8), 4657–4666 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

A. Peer and R. Biswas, “Nanophotonic Organic Solar Cell Architecture for Advanced Light Trapping with Dual Photonic Crystals,” ACS Photonics 1(9), 840–847 (2014).
[Crossref]

Qu, B.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Raman, A.

Z. Yu, A. Raman, and S. Fan, “Fundamental limit of nanophotonic light trapping in solar cells,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107(41), 17491–17496 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ramirez, I.

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

Riede, M.

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

Saliba, M.

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

W. Zhang, M. Saliba, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, X. Shi, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Enhancement of perovskite-based solar cells employing core-shell metal nanoparticles,” Nano Lett. 13(9), 4505–4510 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Schneider, B. W.

Shen, G.

Q. G. Du, G. Shen, and S. John, “Light-trapping in perovskite solar cells,” AIP Adv. 6(6), 065002 (2016).
[Crossref]

Shen, W.

D. Shi, Y. Zeng, and W. Shen, “Perovskite/c-Si tandem solar cell with inverted nanopyramids: realizing high efficiency by controllable light trapping,” Sci. Rep. 5(1), 16504 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shi, D.

D. Shi, Y. Zeng, and W. Shen, “Perovskite/c-Si tandem solar cell with inverted nanopyramids: realizing high efficiency by controllable light trapping,” Sci. Rep. 5(1), 16504 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shi, X.

W. Zhang, M. Saliba, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, X. Shi, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Enhancement of perovskite-based solar cells employing core-shell metal nanoparticles,” Nano Lett. 13(9), 4505–4510 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Shinar, J.

Shinar, R.

Slafer, D.

S. Pattnaik, N. Chakravarty, R. Biswas, V. Dalal, and D. Slafer, “Nano-photonic and nano-plasmonic enhancements in thin film silicon solar cells,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 129, 115–123 (2014).
[Crossref]

Snaith, H. J.

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

W. Zhang, M. Saliba, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, X. Shi, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Enhancement of perovskite-based solar cells employing core-shell metal nanoparticles,” Nano Lett. 13(9), 4505–4510 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Stranks, S. D.

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

W. Zhang, M. Saliba, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, X. Shi, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Enhancement of perovskite-based solar cells employing core-shell metal nanoparticles,” Nano Lett. 13(9), 4505–4510 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Stuckelberger, M.

P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Su, Y.-H.

S.-H. Lin, Y.-H. Su, H.-W. Cho, P.-Y. Kung, W.-P. Liao, and J.-J. Wu, “Nanophotonic Perovskite Solar Cell Architecture with Three-Dimensional TiO2 Nanodendrite Scaffold for Light Trapping and Electron Collection,” J. Mater. Chem. A 4(3), 1119–1125 (2016).
[Crossref]

Sun, Y.

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

W. Zhang, M. Saliba, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, X. Shi, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Enhancement of perovskite-based solar cells employing core-shell metal nanoparticles,” Nano Lett. 13(9), 4505–4510 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Topic, M.

P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, S.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Werner, J.

P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

White, T. P.

Wiesner, U.

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

W. Zhang, M. Saliba, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, X. Shi, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Enhancement of perovskite-based solar cells employing core-shell metal nanoparticles,” Nano Lett. 13(9), 4505–4510 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wu, J.-J.

S.-H. Lin, Y.-H. Su, H.-W. Cho, P.-Y. Kung, W.-P. Liao, and J.-J. Wu, “Nanophotonic Perovskite Solar Cell Architecture with Three-Dimensional TiO2 Nanodendrite Scaffold for Light Trapping and Electron Collection,” J. Mater. Chem. A 4(3), 1119–1125 (2016).
[Crossref]

Xiao, L.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Xiao, Y.

M. Long, Z. Chen, T. Zhang, Y. Xiao, X. Zeng, J. Chen, K. Yan, and J. Xu, “Ultrathin efficient perovskite solar cells employing a periodic structure of a composite hole conductor for elevated plasmonic light harvesting and hole collection,” Nanoscale 8(12), 6290–6299 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Xu, C.

Xu, J.

M. Long, Z. Chen, T. Zhang, Y. Xiao, X. Zeng, J. Chen, K. Yan, and J. Xu, “Ultrathin efficient perovskite solar cells employing a periodic structure of a composite hole conductor for elevated plasmonic light harvesting and hole collection,” Nanoscale 8(12), 6290–6299 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Xu, Q.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Yan, K.

M. Long, Z. Chen, T. Zhang, Y. Xiao, X. Zeng, J. Chen, K. Yan, and J. Xu, “Ultrathin efficient perovskite solar cells employing a periodic structure of a composite hole conductor for elevated plasmonic light harvesting and hole collection,” Nanoscale 8(12), 6290–6299 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yang, C.-C.

H.-L. Hsu, T.-Y. Juang, C.-P. Chen, C.-M. Hsieh, C.-C. Yang, C.-L. Huang, and R.-J. Jeng, “Enhanced efficiency of organic and perovskite photovoltaics from shape-dependent broadband plasmonic effects of silver nanoplates,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 140, 224–231 (2015).
[Crossref]

Ye, Z.

Yi, J.

S. M. Iftiquar and J. Yi, “Numerical simulation and light trapping in perovskite solar cell,” J. Photon. Ener. 6(2), 025507 (2016).
[Crossref]

Yu, Z.

Z. Yu, A. Raman, and S. Fan, “Fundamental limit of nanophotonic light trapping in solar cells,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107(41), 17491–17496 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yum, J.-H.

P. Löper, M. Stuckelberger, B. Niesen, J. Werner, M. Filipič, S.-J. Moon, J.-H. Yum, M. Topič, S. De Wolf, and C. Ballif, “Complex Refractive Index Spectra of CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films Determined by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Spectrophotometry,” J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6(1), 66–71 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zeng, X.

M. Long, Z. Chen, T. Zhang, Y. Xiao, X. Zeng, J. Chen, K. Yan, and J. Xu, “Ultrathin efficient perovskite solar cells employing a periodic structure of a composite hole conductor for elevated plasmonic light harvesting and hole collection,” Nanoscale 8(12), 6290–6299 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zeng, Y.

D. Shi, Y. Zeng, and W. Shen, “Perovskite/c-Si tandem solar cell with inverted nanopyramids: realizing high efficiency by controllable light trapping,” Sci. Rep. 5(1), 16504 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhang, D.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

Zhang, T.

M. Long, Z. Chen, T. Zhang, Y. Xiao, X. Zeng, J. Chen, K. Yan, and J. Xu, “Ultrathin efficient perovskite solar cells employing a periodic structure of a composite hole conductor for elevated plasmonic light harvesting and hole collection,” Nanoscale 8(12), 6290–6299 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zhang, W.

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

W. Zhang, M. Saliba, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, X. Shi, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Enhancement of perovskite-based solar cells employing core-shell metal nanoparticles,” Nano Lett. 13(9), 4505–4510 (2013).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Zheng, L.

Z. Lu, X. Pan, Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Zheng, D. Zhang, Q. Xu, Z. Chen, S. Wang, B. Qu, F. Liu, Y. Huang, L. Xiao, and Q. Gong, “Plasmonic-enhanced perovskite solar cells using alloy popcorn nanoparticles,” RSC Advances 5(15), 11175–11179 (2015).
[Crossref]

ACS Photonics (1)

A. Peer and R. Biswas, “Nanophotonic Organic Solar Cell Architecture for Advanced Light Trapping with Dual Photonic Crystals,” ACS Photonics 1(9), 840–847 (2014).
[Crossref]

Adv. Funct. Mater. (1)

M. Saliba, W. Zhang, V. M. Burlakov, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, J. M. Ball, M. B. Johnston, A. Goriely, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Plasmonic-Induced Photon Recycling in Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 25(31), 5038–5046 (2015).
[Crossref]

AIP Adv. (1)

Q. G. Du, G. Shen, and S. John, “Light-trapping in perovskite solar cells,” AIP Adv. 6(6), 065002 (2016).
[Crossref]

Energy Environ. Sci. (1)

J. M. Ball, S. D. Stranks, M. T. Hörantner, S. Hüttner, W. Zhang, E. J. W. Crossland, I. Ramirez, M. Riede, M. B. Johnston, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optical properties and limiting photocurrent of thin-film perovskite solar cells,” Energy Environ. Sci. 8(2), 602–609 (2015).
[Crossref]

J Phys Chem C (1)

S. Carretero-Palacios, M. E. Calvo, and H. Míguez, “Absorption Enhancement in Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Films with Embedded Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles,” J Phys Chem C 119(32), 18635–18640 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Mater. Chem. A (1)

S.-H. Lin, Y.-H. Su, H.-W. Cho, P.-Y. Kung, W.-P. Liao, and J.-J. Wu, “Nanophotonic Perovskite Solar Cell Architecture with Three-Dimensional TiO2 Nanodendrite Scaffold for Light Trapping and Electron Collection,” J. Mater. Chem. A 4(3), 1119–1125 (2016).
[Crossref]

J. Photon. Ener. (1)

S. M. Iftiquar and J. Yi, “Numerical simulation and light trapping in perovskite solar cell,” J. Photon. Ener. 6(2), 025507 (2016).
[Crossref]

J. Phys. Chem. Lett. (1)

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W. Zhang, M. Saliba, S. D. Stranks, Y. Sun, X. Shi, U. Wiesner, and H. J. Snaith, “Enhancement of perovskite-based solar cells employing core-shell metal nanoparticles,” Nano Lett. 13(9), 4505–4510 (2013).
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Other (1)

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 (a) Schematic of PSC architecture without μLA. (b) Photon decay length of perovskite.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 (a) Variation of photocurrent (JSC) as a function of perovskite layer thickness. (b) ln (1-JSC/JSC, max) as a function of perovskite layer thickness. (c) Simulated absorption as a function of wavelength for 400 nm thick perovskite absorber layer.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) AFM image of the μLA. The inset illustrates AFM line scan showing the height of the microlens ~120 nm. The right panel shows three-dimensional view of the μLA. (b) The diffraction pattern from the μLA when illuminated with white light.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) Schematic of PSC architecture showing stacking of different layers with μLA on air-glass side. (b) 2D plot showing optimal microlens height as a function of period. (c) Absorption as a function of wavelength for solar cell with μLA of a ~700nm and h ~800nm. The absorption of flat solar cell without μLA is overlaid for comparison. (d) Electric field intensity plot for the PSC with μLA a ~800nm and h = 700nm at λ = 550 nm.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 (a) Light emission from green and blue OLEDs, using a μLA on the air-glass side. The pixel on the right is devoid of such an array and its emission is ~2 fold lower in comparison to the other. (b) Spectral emission of the green OLED without and with μLA collected with different integrating sphere opening diameter d = 10, 25 mm. (c) Power efficiency and luminous efficiency of green OLED without and with μLA. (d) Simulated enhancement factor as a function of lens height for smaller and larger size source as compared to 1μm-period μLA.

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Equations (3)

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< A w > = ∫ λ 1 λ 2 A ( λ ) d I d λ d λ ,
J S C = e h c ∫ λ 1 λ 2 λ A ( λ ) d I d λ d λ
J S C ( x ) = J S C , max ( 1 − e − x ζ ) ,

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