Abstract

In this manuscript, a semiconductor based fiber ring cavity mode-locked laser regeneratively driven at 18 GHz is presented. The optical spectrum of the laser is centered at 1578 nm. The laser is RF injection locked via an external source at 18 GHz. The phase noise of the mode-locked laser is measured and the integrated timing jitter was found to be 10.8 fs (from 100 Hz to 20 MHz) and 13.3 fs (from 100 Hz to Nyquist frequency). The integrated amplitude fluctuation (from 100 Hz to 20 MHz) was less than 0.02%. The laser phase and amplitude noise responses to various injected RF power levels were also investigated. The injection RF power has significant effect on the phase noise and the best jitter value is around 40 dB lower than the cavity regenerated RF power.

© 2018 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

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References

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2014 (2)

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

I. Ozdur, S. Ozharar, and P. J. Delfyett, “Simultaneous low noise radio frequency tone and narrow linewidth optical comb generation from a re-generatively mode-locked laser,” Opt. Eng. 53(10), 100501 (2014).
[Crossref]

2013 (1)

2011 (1)

2010 (1)

I. Ozdur, M. Akbulut, N. Hoghooghi, D. Mandridis, S. Ozharar, F. Quinlan, and P. J. Delfyett, “A semiconductor based 10 GHz optical comb source with sub 3fs shot noise limited jitter and 500 Hz comb linewidth,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 22(6), 431–433 (2010).
[Crossref]

2007 (2)

2006 (1)

2003 (1)

T. Yilmaz, C. M. Depriest, A. Braun, J. H. Abeles, and P. J. Delfyett, “Noise in fundamental and harmonic model ocked semiconductor lasers: Experiments and simulations,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 39(7), 838–849 (2003).
[Crossref]

2000 (1)

K. K. Gupta, D. Novak, and H. Liu, “Noise characterization of a regeneratively mode-locked fiber ring laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36(1), 70–78 (2000).
[Crossref]

1997 (1)

1993 (1)

Abeles, J. H.

T. Yilmaz, C. M. Depriest, A. Braun, J. H. Abeles, and P. J. Delfyett, “Noise in fundamental and harmonic model ocked semiconductor lasers: Experiments and simulations,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 39(7), 838–849 (2003).
[Crossref]

Akbulut, M.

I. Ozdur, M. Akbulut, N. Hoghooghi, D. Mandridis, S. Ozharar, F. Quinlan, and P. J. Delfyett, “A semiconductor based 10 GHz optical comb source with sub 3fs shot noise limited jitter and 500 Hz comb linewidth,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 22(6), 431–433 (2010).
[Crossref]

Berizzi, F.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Bogoni, A.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Braun, A.

T. Yilmaz, C. M. Depriest, A. Braun, J. H. Abeles, and P. J. Delfyett, “Noise in fundamental and harmonic model ocked semiconductor lasers: Experiments and simulations,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 39(7), 838–849 (2003).
[Crossref]

Capria, A.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Chen, J.

Cox, J.

Delfyett, P. J.

I. Ozdur, S. Ozharar, and P. J. Delfyett, “Simultaneous low noise radio frequency tone and narrow linewidth optical comb generation from a re-generatively mode-locked laser,” Opt. Eng. 53(10), 100501 (2014).
[Crossref]

I. Ozdur, M. Akbulut, N. Hoghooghi, D. Mandridis, S. Ozharar, F. Quinlan, and P. J. Delfyett, “A semiconductor based 10 GHz optical comb source with sub 3fs shot noise limited jitter and 500 Hz comb linewidth,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 22(6), 431–433 (2010).
[Crossref]

P. J. Delfyett, S. Gee, H. Myoung-Taek Choi, Izadpanah, S. Wangkuen Lee, F. Ozharar, Quinlan, and T. Yilmaz, “Optical Frequency Combs from Semiconductor Lasers and Applications in Ultrawideband Signal Processing and Communications,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(7), 2701–2719 (2006).
[Crossref]

T. Yilmaz, C. M. Depriest, A. Braun, J. H. Abeles, and P. J. Delfyett, “Noise in fundamental and harmonic model ocked semiconductor lasers: Experiments and simulations,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 39(7), 838–849 (2003).
[Crossref]

Depriest, C. M.

T. Yilmaz, C. M. Depriest, A. Braun, J. H. Abeles, and P. J. Delfyett, “Noise in fundamental and harmonic model ocked semiconductor lasers: Experiments and simulations,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 39(7), 838–849 (2003).
[Crossref]

Eliyahu, D.

Gee, S.

Ghelfi, P.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gupta, K. K.

K. K. Gupta, D. Novak, and H. Liu, “Noise characterization of a regeneratively mode-locked fiber ring laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36(1), 70–78 (2000).
[Crossref]

Harvey, G. T.

Hirooka, T.

Hoghooghi, N.

I. Ozdur, M. Akbulut, N. Hoghooghi, D. Mandridis, S. Ozharar, F. Quinlan, and P. J. Delfyett, “A semiconductor based 10 GHz optical comb source with sub 3fs shot noise limited jitter and 500 Hz comb linewidth,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 22(6), 431–433 (2010).
[Crossref]

Izadpanah,

Kärtner, F. X.

Kim, J.

Koizumi, K.

Laghezza, F.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lazzeri, E.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Liu, H.

K. K. Gupta, D. Novak, and H. Liu, “Noise characterization of a regeneratively mode-locked fiber ring laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36(1), 70–78 (2000).
[Crossref]

Malacarne, A.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Maleki, L.

Mandridis, D.

I. Ozdur, M. Akbulut, N. Hoghooghi, D. Mandridis, S. Ozharar, F. Quinlan, and P. J. Delfyett, “A semiconductor based 10 GHz optical comb source with sub 3fs shot noise limited jitter and 500 Hz comb linewidth,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 22(6), 431–433 (2010).
[Crossref]

Matsko, A. B.

Mollenauer, L. F.

Myoung-Taek Choi, H.

Nakazawa, M.

Novak, D.

K. K. Gupta, D. Novak, and H. Liu, “Noise characterization of a regeneratively mode-locked fiber ring laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36(1), 70–78 (2000).
[Crossref]

Onori, D.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Ozdur, I.

I. Ozdur, S. Ozharar, and P. J. Delfyett, “Simultaneous low noise radio frequency tone and narrow linewidth optical comb generation from a re-generatively mode-locked laser,” Opt. Eng. 53(10), 100501 (2014).
[Crossref]

I. Ozdur, M. Akbulut, N. Hoghooghi, D. Mandridis, S. Ozharar, F. Quinlan, and P. J. Delfyett, “A semiconductor based 10 GHz optical comb source with sub 3fs shot noise limited jitter and 500 Hz comb linewidth,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 22(6), 431–433 (2010).
[Crossref]

Ozharar, F.

Ozharar, S.

I. Ozdur, S. Ozharar, and P. J. Delfyett, “Simultaneous low noise radio frequency tone and narrow linewidth optical comb generation from a re-generatively mode-locked laser,” Opt. Eng. 53(10), 100501 (2014).
[Crossref]

I. Ozdur, M. Akbulut, N. Hoghooghi, D. Mandridis, S. Ozharar, F. Quinlan, and P. J. Delfyett, “A semiconductor based 10 GHz optical comb source with sub 3fs shot noise limited jitter and 500 Hz comb linewidth,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 22(6), 431–433 (2010).
[Crossref]

Pinna, S.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Porzi, C.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Quinlan,

Quinlan, F.

I. Ozdur, M. Akbulut, N. Hoghooghi, D. Mandridis, S. Ozharar, F. Quinlan, and P. J. Delfyett, “A semiconductor based 10 GHz optical comb source with sub 3fs shot noise limited jitter and 500 Hz comb linewidth,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 22(6), 431–433 (2010).
[Crossref]

Scaffardi, M.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Scotti, F.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Serafino, G.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Valley, G. C.

Vercesi, V.

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wangkuen Lee, S.

Yao, X. S.

Yilmaz, T.

P. J. Delfyett, S. Gee, H. Myoung-Taek Choi, Izadpanah, S. Wangkuen Lee, F. Ozharar, Quinlan, and T. Yilmaz, “Optical Frequency Combs from Semiconductor Lasers and Applications in Ultrawideband Signal Processing and Communications,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(7), 2701–2719 (2006).
[Crossref]

T. Yilmaz, C. M. Depriest, A. Braun, J. H. Abeles, and P. J. Delfyett, “Noise in fundamental and harmonic model ocked semiconductor lasers: Experiments and simulations,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 39(7), 838–849 (2003).
[Crossref]

Yoshida, M.

IEEE J. Quantum Electron. (2)

K. K. Gupta, D. Novak, and H. Liu, “Noise characterization of a regeneratively mode-locked fiber ring laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 36(1), 70–78 (2000).
[Crossref]

T. Yilmaz, C. M. Depriest, A. Braun, J. H. Abeles, and P. J. Delfyett, “Noise in fundamental and harmonic model ocked semiconductor lasers: Experiments and simulations,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 39(7), 838–849 (2003).
[Crossref]

IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. (1)

I. Ozdur, M. Akbulut, N. Hoghooghi, D. Mandridis, S. Ozharar, F. Quinlan, and P. J. Delfyett, “A semiconductor based 10 GHz optical comb source with sub 3fs shot noise limited jitter and 500 Hz comb linewidth,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 22(6), 431–433 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. Lightwave Technol. (1)

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B (1)

Nature (1)

P. Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, A. Capria, S. Pinna, D. Onori, C. Porzi, M. Scaffardi, A. Malacarne, V. Vercesi, E. Lazzeri, F. Berizzi, and A. Bogoni, “A fully photonics-based coherent radar system,” Nature 507(7492), 341–345 (2014).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Opt. Eng. (1)

I. Ozdur, S. Ozharar, and P. J. Delfyett, “Simultaneous low noise radio frequency tone and narrow linewidth optical comb generation from a re-generatively mode-locked laser,” Opt. Eng. 53(10), 100501 (2014).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (2)

Opt. Lett. (3)

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 The setup of the regeneratively mode-locked laser. (SOA: semiconductor optical amplifier, ISO: isolator, OC: optical coupler, IM: intensity modulator, OD: optical delay, Amp: RF amplifier, BPF: band pass filter, Inj: injected RF signal, PS: RF phase shifter)

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 (a) The output power versus applied current graph. (b) The RF spectrum trace of RF modes in the laser cavity (The center frequency is around 18 GHz).

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) The optical spectrum analyzer. (b) RF spectrum analyzer.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) The absolute phase noise and (b) amplitude noise of the mode-locked laser.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 (a) The absolute phase noise of injection locked regeneratively mode-locked laser, (b) Amplitude noise of the injection locked mode-locked laser.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 (a) A comparison of phase noise for free running laser and different relative injection power levels. (b) The knee frequency and injection power. (c) The RF injection locking relative power and injection locking frequency.

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Equations (1)

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σj=12πfML2∫L(f)df

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