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208 W all-solid-state sodium guide star laser operated at modulated-longitudinal mode

Yanhua Lu, Lei Zhang, Xiafei Xu, Huaijin Ren, Xiaoming Chen, Xingbin Wei, Bin Wei, Yuan Liao, Jingliang Gu, Fang Liu, Liu Xu, Juntao Wang, Tianjiang Chen, Min Wan, Wei Zhang, Chun Tang, and Guobin Fan

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Abstract

A 208 W all-solid-state modulated-longitudinal-mode quasi-continuous-wave sodium guide star (SGS) laser was developed by sum-frequency of a 1064 nm laser and a 1319 nm laser. The laser contained two spectral lines separated by 1.72 GHz for re-pumping the sodium atoms. To suppress absorption saturation effect of the sodium atoms induced by the high light intensity, we used a white noise generator to modulate the 1064 nm single frequency seed laser in the frequency domain. The line width of the modulated-longitudinal-mode 589 nm laser was maximally broadened to 0.74 GHz compared to the initial line width of ~0.30 GHz. A bright SGS with photon return flux of 56800 photons/s/cm2 during the pulse length was obtained.

© 2019 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

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Figures (7)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Schematic of the laser system. Seed1, 1064 nm laser seed; Nd1-Nd4, diode-pumped Nd:YAG module of 1064 nm; Seed2, 1319 nm laser seed;Nd5-Nd10,diode-pumped Nd:YAG module of 1319 nm. EOPM, electro-optic phase modulator; FAMP, fiber amplifier; EOAM, electro-optic amplitude modulator; FI Faraday isolator; PP, 56° polarizer plate; S1-S6, beam shaper. W1, 1064 nm quarter-wave plate; M1, 0° high-reflection (HR) at 1064 nm; M2, 34° HR at 1064 nm; M3-M4, 45° HR at 1064 nm; M5-M7, 45° HR at 1319 nm; M8, 45° anti-reflection (AR) at 1064 nm and HR at 1319 nm; M9, 45° HR at 1064 nm & 1319 nm and AR at 589 nm; M10, 45° AR at 589 nm. R1-R2, 1064 nm quartz rotator; R3-R5, 1319 nm quartz rotator; L1, f = 240 mm; L2, f = 300 mm.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Temporal pulse profile of (a) the 1319 nm laser and (b) 1064 nm laser.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) Curves of SFG average power and conversion efficiency versus total average power of 1064 nm and 1319 nm; (b) beam quality of 589 nm laser measured at 106 W.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Line width of the 589 nm laser (a) before and (b) after phase-modulation measured by HighFinesse WS7. The x-axis scale is the CCD arrays number with the unit of pixel. The y-axis scale is the voltage of the CCD chip with the unit of mV.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Schematic of double-spectral-line SGS laser.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 Pictures of (a) the SGS laser system and (b) the on-sky test.

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Fig. 7
Fig. 7 Return flux during the pulse at different mesospheric peak power density. The experimental data are fit to y = C·Isat/(1 + Isat/x).

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Tables (1)

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Table 1 Summary of experimental parameters

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