Abstract

Diffractive surface patterns with complex textures are generated on metal surfaces by picosecond UV laser ablation using an interference setup. Two diffraction gratings with variable distance and rotation angle provide a huge variety of interference patterns and thus resulting surface topographies. This variety can be further enhanced by selecting or blocking particular beams. A correlation analysis of the complex diffraction patterns generated by reflection of visible laser light at these surface topographies demonstrates that patterns with slightly differing fabrication parameters (variation of 0.5 mm in distance or 1° in rotation) can be clearly distinguished.

© 2019 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

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References

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    [Crossref]
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2016 (2)

Y. Nakata, Y. Matsuba, and N. Miyanaga, “Sub-micron period metal lattices fabricated by interfering ultraviolet femtosecond laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 122(5), 532 (2016).
[Crossref]

F. Knorr, A. Uyttendaele, J. Stauch, F. Schechtel, Y. Reg, and M. Zimmermann, “Large-angle programmable direct laser interference patterning with ultrafast laser using spatial light modulator,” Phys. Proc. 83, 1170–1177 (2016).
[Crossref]

2015 (1)

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

2014 (2)

X. Jia and L. Dong, “Fabrication of complex micro/nanopatterns on semiconductors by the multi-beam interference of femtosecond laser,” Phys. Proc. 56, 1059–1065 (2014).
[Crossref]

J. Bekesi, P. Simon, and J. Ihlemann, “Deterministic sub-micron 2D grating structures on steel by UV-fs-laser interference patterning,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 114(1), 69–73 (2014).
[Crossref]

2013 (6)

S. Indrisiunas, B. Voisiat, M. Gedvilas, and G. Raciukaitis, “Two complementary ways of thin-metal-film patterning using laser beam interference and direct ablation,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 23(9), 095034 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Meinertz, T. Fricke-Begemann, and J. Ihlemann, “Micron and sub-micron gratings on glass by UV laser ablation,” Phys. Proc. 41, 701–705 (2013).
[Crossref]

D. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Zhang, Y. Yue, D. Li, and C. Maple, “Effects of polarization on four-beam laser interference lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(8), 081903 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Bekesi, J. Meinertz, P. Simon, and J. Ihlemann, “Sub-500-nm patterning of glass by nanosecond KrF excimer laser ablation,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 110(1), 17–21 (2013).
[Crossref]

M. Steger, C. Hartmann, S. Beckemper, J. Holtkamp, and A. Gillner, “Fabrication of Hierarchical Structures by Direct Laser Writing and Multi-Beam-Interference,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 8(3), 210–215 (2013).
[Crossref]

Y. Nakata, K. Murakawa, K. Sonoda, K. Momoo, N. Miyanaga, and T. Hiromoto, “Designing of interference pattern in ultra-short pulse laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 112(1), 191–196 (2013).
[Crossref]

2011 (2)

A. F. Lasagni, T. Roch, D. Langheinrich, M. Bieda, and A. Wetzig, “Large Area Direct Fabrication of periodic Arrays using Interference Patterning,” Phys. Proc. 12, 214–220 (2011).
[Crossref]

J. J. J. Kaakkunen, K. Paivasaari, and P. Vahimaa, “Fabrication of large-area hole arrays using high-efficiency two-grating interference system and femtosecond laser ablation,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 103(2), 267–270 (2011).
[Crossref]

2010 (2)

E. Molotokaitė, M. Gedvilas, G. Račiukaitis, and V. Girdauskas, “Picosecond Laser Beam Interference Ablation of Thin Metal Films on Glass Substrate,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 5(1), 74–79 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. Huang, S. Beckemper, A. Gillner, and K. Wang, “Tunable surface texturing by polarization-controlled three-beam interference,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 20(9), 095004 (2010).
[Crossref]

2009 (2)

Y. Bourgin, S. Bakkali, Y. Jourlin, S. Tonchev, and O. Parriaux, “Monolithic double-grating phase mask for large-period highly coherent grating printing,” Opt. Lett. 34(24), 3800–3802 (2009).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. Ihlemann and R. Weichenhain-Schriever, “Laser Based Rapid Fabrication of SiO2-phase Masks for Efficient UV-laser Micromachining,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 4(2), 100–103 (2009).
[Crossref]

2007 (3)

J. Békési, J. Meinertz, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Grating Interferometers for Efficient Generation of Large Area Grating Structures via Laser Ablation,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 2(3), 221–224 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Ihlemann, J.-H. Klein-Wiele, J. Bekesi, and P. Simon, “UV Ultrafast Laser Processing using Phase Masks,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 59, 449–452 (2007).
[Crossref]

K. Paivasaari, J. J. J. Kaakkunen, M. Kuittinen, and T. Jaaskelainen, “Enhanced optical absorptance of metals using interferometric femtosecond ablation,” Opt. Express 15(21), 13838–13843 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2006 (1)

2005 (1)

L. Wu, Y. Zhong, C. T. Chan, K. S. Wong, and G. P. Wang, “Fabrication of large area two- and three-dimensional polymer photonic crystals using single refracting prism holographic lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(24), 241102 (2005).
[Crossref]

2004 (1)

J. Si, Z. Meng, S. Kanehira, J. Qiu, B. Hua, and K. Hirao, “Multiphoton-induced periodic microstructures inside bulk azodye-doped polymers by multibeam laser interference,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 399(1-3), 276–279 (2004).
[Crossref]

2003 (2)

S. Juodkazis, T. Kondo, V. Mizeikis, S. Matsuo, H. Murata, and H. Misawa, “Three-dimensional recording by femtosecond pulses in dielectrics,” Proc. SPIE 4977, 94–108 (2003).
[Crossref]

J.-H. Klein-Wiele and P. Simon, “Fabrication of periodic nanostructures by phase-controlled multiple-beam interference,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(23), 4707–4709 (2003).
[Crossref]

2001 (1)

T. Kondo, S. Matsuo, S. Juodkazis, and H. Misawa, “Femtosecond laser interference technique with diffractive beam splitter for fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 79(6), 725–727 (2001).
[Crossref]

1996 (2)

P. Simon and J. Ihlemann, “Machining of submicron structures on metals and semiconductors by ultrashort UV-laser pulses,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 63(5), 505–508 (1996).
[Crossref]

P. E. Dyer, R. J. Farley, R. Giedl, and D. M. Karnakis, “Excimer laser ablation of polymers and glasses for grating fabrication,” Appl. Surf. Sci. 96–98, 537–549 (1996).
[Crossref]

Bakkali, S.

Beckemper, S.

M. Steger, C. Hartmann, S. Beckemper, J. Holtkamp, and A. Gillner, “Fabrication of Hierarchical Structures by Direct Laser Writing and Multi-Beam-Interference,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 8(3), 210–215 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Huang, S. Beckemper, A. Gillner, and K. Wang, “Tunable surface texturing by polarization-controlled three-beam interference,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 20(9), 095004 (2010).
[Crossref]

Bekesi, J.

J. Bekesi, P. Simon, and J. Ihlemann, “Deterministic sub-micron 2D grating structures on steel by UV-fs-laser interference patterning,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 114(1), 69–73 (2014).
[Crossref]

J. Bekesi, J. Meinertz, P. Simon, and J. Ihlemann, “Sub-500-nm patterning of glass by nanosecond KrF excimer laser ablation,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 110(1), 17–21 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Ihlemann, J.-H. Klein-Wiele, J. Bekesi, and P. Simon, “UV Ultrafast Laser Processing using Phase Masks,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 59, 449–452 (2007).
[Crossref]

Békési, J.

J. Békési, J. Meinertz, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Grating Interferometers for Efficient Generation of Large Area Grating Structures via Laser Ablation,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 2(3), 221–224 (2007).
[Crossref]

Bieda, M.

A. F. Lasagni, T. Roch, D. Langheinrich, M. Bieda, and A. Wetzig, “Large Area Direct Fabrication of periodic Arrays using Interference Patterning,” Phys. Proc. 12, 214–220 (2011).
[Crossref]

Blumenstein, A.

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

Bourgin, Y.

Chan, C. T.

L. Wu, Y. Zhong, C. T. Chan, K. S. Wong, and G. P. Wang, “Fabrication of large area two- and three-dimensional polymer photonic crystals using single refracting prism holographic lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(24), 241102 (2005).
[Crossref]

Dong, L.

X. Jia and L. Dong, “Fabrication of complex micro/nanopatterns on semiconductors by the multi-beam interference of femtosecond laser,” Phys. Proc. 56, 1059–1065 (2014).
[Crossref]

Dyer, P. E.

P. E. Dyer, R. J. Farley, R. Giedl, and D. M. Karnakis, “Excimer laser ablation of polymers and glasses for grating fabrication,” Appl. Surf. Sci. 96–98, 537–549 (1996).
[Crossref]

Farley, R. J.

P. E. Dyer, R. J. Farley, R. Giedl, and D. M. Karnakis, “Excimer laser ablation of polymers and glasses for grating fabrication,” Appl. Surf. Sci. 96–98, 537–549 (1996).
[Crossref]

Fricke-Begemann, T.

J. Meinertz, T. Fricke-Begemann, and J. Ihlemann, “Micron and sub-micron gratings on glass by UV laser ablation,” Phys. Proc. 41, 701–705 (2013).
[Crossref]

Garcia, M. E.

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

Gedvilas, M.

S. Indrisiunas, B. Voisiat, M. Gedvilas, and G. Raciukaitis, “Two complementary ways of thin-metal-film patterning using laser beam interference and direct ablation,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 23(9), 095034 (2013).
[Crossref]

E. Molotokaitė, M. Gedvilas, G. Račiukaitis, and V. Girdauskas, “Picosecond Laser Beam Interference Ablation of Thin Metal Films on Glass Substrate,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 5(1), 74–79 (2010).
[Crossref]

Giedl, R.

P. E. Dyer, R. J. Farley, R. Giedl, and D. M. Karnakis, “Excimer laser ablation of polymers and glasses for grating fabrication,” Appl. Surf. Sci. 96–98, 537–549 (1996).
[Crossref]

Gillner, A.

M. Steger, C. Hartmann, S. Beckemper, J. Holtkamp, and A. Gillner, “Fabrication of Hierarchical Structures by Direct Laser Writing and Multi-Beam-Interference,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 8(3), 210–215 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Huang, S. Beckemper, A. Gillner, and K. Wang, “Tunable surface texturing by polarization-controlled three-beam interference,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 20(9), 095004 (2010).
[Crossref]

Girdauskas, V.

E. Molotokaitė, M. Gedvilas, G. Račiukaitis, and V. Girdauskas, “Picosecond Laser Beam Interference Ablation of Thin Metal Films on Glass Substrate,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 5(1), 74–79 (2010).
[Crossref]

Hartmann, C.

M. Steger, C. Hartmann, S. Beckemper, J. Holtkamp, and A. Gillner, “Fabrication of Hierarchical Structures by Direct Laser Writing and Multi-Beam-Interference,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 8(3), 210–215 (2013).
[Crossref]

Hirao, K.

J. Si, Z. Meng, S. Kanehira, J. Qiu, B. Hua, and K. Hirao, “Multiphoton-induced periodic microstructures inside bulk azodye-doped polymers by multibeam laser interference,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 399(1-3), 276–279 (2004).
[Crossref]

Hiromoto, T.

Y. Nakata, K. Murakawa, K. Sonoda, K. Momoo, N. Miyanaga, and T. Hiromoto, “Designing of interference pattern in ultra-short pulse laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 112(1), 191–196 (2013).
[Crossref]

Holtkamp, J.

M. Steger, C. Hartmann, S. Beckemper, J. Holtkamp, and A. Gillner, “Fabrication of Hierarchical Structures by Direct Laser Writing and Multi-Beam-Interference,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 8(3), 210–215 (2013).
[Crossref]

Hua, B.

J. Si, Z. Meng, S. Kanehira, J. Qiu, B. Hua, and K. Hirao, “Multiphoton-induced periodic microstructures inside bulk azodye-doped polymers by multibeam laser interference,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 399(1-3), 276–279 (2004).
[Crossref]

Huang, J.

J. Huang, S. Beckemper, A. Gillner, and K. Wang, “Tunable surface texturing by polarization-controlled three-beam interference,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 20(9), 095004 (2010).
[Crossref]

Ihlemann, J.

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

J. Bekesi, P. Simon, and J. Ihlemann, “Deterministic sub-micron 2D grating structures on steel by UV-fs-laser interference patterning,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 114(1), 69–73 (2014).
[Crossref]

J. Meinertz, T. Fricke-Begemann, and J. Ihlemann, “Micron and sub-micron gratings on glass by UV laser ablation,” Phys. Proc. 41, 701–705 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Bekesi, J. Meinertz, P. Simon, and J. Ihlemann, “Sub-500-nm patterning of glass by nanosecond KrF excimer laser ablation,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 110(1), 17–21 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Ihlemann and R. Weichenhain-Schriever, “Laser Based Rapid Fabrication of SiO2-phase Masks for Efficient UV-laser Micromachining,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 4(2), 100–103 (2009).
[Crossref]

J. Ihlemann, J.-H. Klein-Wiele, J. Bekesi, and P. Simon, “UV Ultrafast Laser Processing using Phase Masks,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 59, 449–452 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Békési, J. Meinertz, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Grating Interferometers for Efficient Generation of Large Area Grating Structures via Laser Ablation,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 2(3), 221–224 (2007).
[Crossref]

P. Simon and J. Ihlemann, “Machining of submicron structures on metals and semiconductors by ultrashort UV-laser pulses,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 63(5), 505–508 (1996).
[Crossref]

Indrisiunas, S.

S. Indrisiunas, B. Voisiat, M. Gedvilas, and G. Raciukaitis, “Two complementary ways of thin-metal-film patterning using laser beam interference and direct ablation,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 23(9), 095034 (2013).
[Crossref]

Ivanov, D. S.

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

Jaaskelainen, T.

Jia, X.

X. Jia and L. Dong, “Fabrication of complex micro/nanopatterns on semiconductors by the multi-beam interference of femtosecond laser,” Phys. Proc. 56, 1059–1065 (2014).
[Crossref]

Jourlin, Y.

Juodkazis, S.

S. Juodkazis, T. Kondo, V. Mizeikis, S. Matsuo, H. Murata, and H. Misawa, “Three-dimensional recording by femtosecond pulses in dielectrics,” Proc. SPIE 4977, 94–108 (2003).
[Crossref]

T. Kondo, S. Matsuo, S. Juodkazis, and H. Misawa, “Femtosecond laser interference technique with diffractive beam splitter for fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 79(6), 725–727 (2001).
[Crossref]

Kaakkunen, J. J. J.

J. J. J. Kaakkunen, K. Paivasaari, and P. Vahimaa, “Fabrication of large-area hole arrays using high-efficiency two-grating interference system and femtosecond laser ablation,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 103(2), 267–270 (2011).
[Crossref]

K. Paivasaari, J. J. J. Kaakkunen, M. Kuittinen, and T. Jaaskelainen, “Enhanced optical absorptance of metals using interferometric femtosecond ablation,” Opt. Express 15(21), 13838–13843 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Kanehira, S.

J. Si, Z. Meng, S. Kanehira, J. Qiu, B. Hua, and K. Hirao, “Multiphoton-induced periodic microstructures inside bulk azodye-doped polymers by multibeam laser interference,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 399(1-3), 276–279 (2004).
[Crossref]

Karnakis, D. M.

P. E. Dyer, R. J. Farley, R. Giedl, and D. M. Karnakis, “Excimer laser ablation of polymers and glasses for grating fabrication,” Appl. Surf. Sci. 96–98, 537–549 (1996).
[Crossref]

Klein-Wiele, J.-H.

J. Ihlemann, J.-H. Klein-Wiele, J. Bekesi, and P. Simon, “UV Ultrafast Laser Processing using Phase Masks,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 59, 449–452 (2007).
[Crossref]

J.-H. Klein-Wiele and P. Simon, “Fabrication of periodic nanostructures by phase-controlled multiple-beam interference,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(23), 4707–4709 (2003).
[Crossref]

Kleinwort, F.

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

Knorr, F.

F. Knorr, A. Uyttendaele, J. Stauch, F. Schechtel, Y. Reg, and M. Zimmermann, “Large-angle programmable direct laser interference patterning with ultrafast laser using spatial light modulator,” Phys. Proc. 83, 1170–1177 (2016).
[Crossref]

Kondo, T.

S. Juodkazis, T. Kondo, V. Mizeikis, S. Matsuo, H. Murata, and H. Misawa, “Three-dimensional recording by femtosecond pulses in dielectrics,” Proc. SPIE 4977, 94–108 (2003).
[Crossref]

T. Kondo, S. Matsuo, S. Juodkazis, and H. Misawa, “Femtosecond laser interference technique with diffractive beam splitter for fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 79(6), 725–727 (2001).
[Crossref]

Kuittinen, M.

Langheinrich, D.

A. F. Lasagni, T. Roch, D. Langheinrich, M. Bieda, and A. Wetzig, “Large Area Direct Fabrication of periodic Arrays using Interference Patterning,” Phys. Proc. 12, 214–220 (2011).
[Crossref]

Lasagni, A. F.

A. F. Lasagni, T. Roch, D. Langheinrich, M. Bieda, and A. Wetzig, “Large Area Direct Fabrication of periodic Arrays using Interference Patterning,” Phys. Proc. 12, 214–220 (2011).
[Crossref]

Lei, M.

Li, D.

D. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Zhang, Y. Yue, D. Li, and C. Maple, “Effects of polarization on four-beam laser interference lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(8), 081903 (2013).
[Crossref]

Lipp, V. P.

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

Maple, C.

D. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Zhang, Y. Yue, D. Li, and C. Maple, “Effects of polarization on four-beam laser interference lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(8), 081903 (2013).
[Crossref]

Matsuba, Y.

Y. Nakata, Y. Matsuba, and N. Miyanaga, “Sub-micron period metal lattices fabricated by interfering ultraviolet femtosecond laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 122(5), 532 (2016).
[Crossref]

Matsuo, S.

S. Juodkazis, T. Kondo, V. Mizeikis, S. Matsuo, H. Murata, and H. Misawa, “Three-dimensional recording by femtosecond pulses in dielectrics,” Proc. SPIE 4977, 94–108 (2003).
[Crossref]

T. Kondo, S. Matsuo, S. Juodkazis, and H. Misawa, “Femtosecond laser interference technique with diffractive beam splitter for fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 79(6), 725–727 (2001).
[Crossref]

Meinertz, J.

J. Bekesi, J. Meinertz, P. Simon, and J. Ihlemann, “Sub-500-nm patterning of glass by nanosecond KrF excimer laser ablation,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 110(1), 17–21 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Meinertz, T. Fricke-Begemann, and J. Ihlemann, “Micron and sub-micron gratings on glass by UV laser ablation,” Phys. Proc. 41, 701–705 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Békési, J. Meinertz, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Grating Interferometers for Efficient Generation of Large Area Grating Structures via Laser Ablation,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 2(3), 221–224 (2007).
[Crossref]

Meng, Z.

J. Si, Z. Meng, S. Kanehira, J. Qiu, B. Hua, and K. Hirao, “Multiphoton-induced periodic microstructures inside bulk azodye-doped polymers by multibeam laser interference,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 399(1-3), 276–279 (2004).
[Crossref]

Misawa, H.

S. Juodkazis, T. Kondo, V. Mizeikis, S. Matsuo, H. Murata, and H. Misawa, “Three-dimensional recording by femtosecond pulses in dielectrics,” Proc. SPIE 4977, 94–108 (2003).
[Crossref]

T. Kondo, S. Matsuo, S. Juodkazis, and H. Misawa, “Femtosecond laser interference technique with diffractive beam splitter for fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 79(6), 725–727 (2001).
[Crossref]

Miyanaga, N.

Y. Nakata, Y. Matsuba, and N. Miyanaga, “Sub-micron period metal lattices fabricated by interfering ultraviolet femtosecond laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 122(5), 532 (2016).
[Crossref]

Y. Nakata, K. Murakawa, K. Sonoda, K. Momoo, N. Miyanaga, and T. Hiromoto, “Designing of interference pattern in ultra-short pulse laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 112(1), 191–196 (2013).
[Crossref]

Mizeikis, V.

S. Juodkazis, T. Kondo, V. Mizeikis, S. Matsuo, H. Murata, and H. Misawa, “Three-dimensional recording by femtosecond pulses in dielectrics,” Proc. SPIE 4977, 94–108 (2003).
[Crossref]

Molotokaite, E.

E. Molotokaitė, M. Gedvilas, G. Račiukaitis, and V. Girdauskas, “Picosecond Laser Beam Interference Ablation of Thin Metal Films on Glass Substrate,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 5(1), 74–79 (2010).
[Crossref]

Momoo, K.

Y. Nakata, K. Murakawa, K. Sonoda, K. Momoo, N. Miyanaga, and T. Hiromoto, “Designing of interference pattern in ultra-short pulse laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 112(1), 191–196 (2013).
[Crossref]

Murakawa, K.

Y. Nakata, K. Murakawa, K. Sonoda, K. Momoo, N. Miyanaga, and T. Hiromoto, “Designing of interference pattern in ultra-short pulse laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 112(1), 191–196 (2013).
[Crossref]

Murata, H.

S. Juodkazis, T. Kondo, V. Mizeikis, S. Matsuo, H. Murata, and H. Misawa, “Three-dimensional recording by femtosecond pulses in dielectrics,” Proc. SPIE 4977, 94–108 (2003).
[Crossref]

Nakata, Y.

Y. Nakata, Y. Matsuba, and N. Miyanaga, “Sub-micron period metal lattices fabricated by interfering ultraviolet femtosecond laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 122(5), 532 (2016).
[Crossref]

Y. Nakata, K. Murakawa, K. Sonoda, K. Momoo, N. Miyanaga, and T. Hiromoto, “Designing of interference pattern in ultra-short pulse laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 112(1), 191–196 (2013).
[Crossref]

Paivasaari, K.

J. J. J. Kaakkunen, K. Paivasaari, and P. Vahimaa, “Fabrication of large-area hole arrays using high-efficiency two-grating interference system and femtosecond laser ablation,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 103(2), 267–270 (2011).
[Crossref]

K. Paivasaari, J. J. J. Kaakkunen, M. Kuittinen, and T. Jaaskelainen, “Enhanced optical absorptance of metals using interferometric femtosecond ablation,” Opt. Express 15(21), 13838–13843 (2007).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Parriaux, O.

Qiu, J.

J. Si, Z. Meng, S. Kanehira, J. Qiu, B. Hua, and K. Hirao, “Multiphoton-induced periodic microstructures inside bulk azodye-doped polymers by multibeam laser interference,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 399(1-3), 276–279 (2004).
[Crossref]

Raciukaitis, G.

S. Indrisiunas, B. Voisiat, M. Gedvilas, and G. Raciukaitis, “Two complementary ways of thin-metal-film patterning using laser beam interference and direct ablation,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 23(9), 095034 (2013).
[Crossref]

E. Molotokaitė, M. Gedvilas, G. Račiukaitis, and V. Girdauskas, “Picosecond Laser Beam Interference Ablation of Thin Metal Films on Glass Substrate,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 5(1), 74–79 (2010).
[Crossref]

Reg, Y.

F. Knorr, A. Uyttendaele, J. Stauch, F. Schechtel, Y. Reg, and M. Zimmermann, “Large-angle programmable direct laser interference patterning with ultrafast laser using spatial light modulator,” Phys. Proc. 83, 1170–1177 (2016).
[Crossref]

Rethfeld, B.

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

Roch, T.

A. F. Lasagni, T. Roch, D. Langheinrich, M. Bieda, and A. Wetzig, “Large Area Direct Fabrication of periodic Arrays using Interference Patterning,” Phys. Proc. 12, 214–220 (2011).
[Crossref]

Roddatis, V.

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

Rupp, R. A.

Schechtel, F.

F. Knorr, A. Uyttendaele, J. Stauch, F. Schechtel, Y. Reg, and M. Zimmermann, “Large-angle programmable direct laser interference patterning with ultrafast laser using spatial light modulator,” Phys. Proc. 83, 1170–1177 (2016).
[Crossref]

Si, J.

J. Si, Z. Meng, S. Kanehira, J. Qiu, B. Hua, and K. Hirao, “Multiphoton-induced periodic microstructures inside bulk azodye-doped polymers by multibeam laser interference,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 399(1-3), 276–279 (2004).
[Crossref]

Simon, P.

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

J. Bekesi, P. Simon, and J. Ihlemann, “Deterministic sub-micron 2D grating structures on steel by UV-fs-laser interference patterning,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 114(1), 69–73 (2014).
[Crossref]

J. Bekesi, J. Meinertz, P. Simon, and J. Ihlemann, “Sub-500-nm patterning of glass by nanosecond KrF excimer laser ablation,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 110(1), 17–21 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Békési, J. Meinertz, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Grating Interferometers for Efficient Generation of Large Area Grating Structures via Laser Ablation,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 2(3), 221–224 (2007).
[Crossref]

J. Ihlemann, J.-H. Klein-Wiele, J. Bekesi, and P. Simon, “UV Ultrafast Laser Processing using Phase Masks,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 59, 449–452 (2007).
[Crossref]

J.-H. Klein-Wiele and P. Simon, “Fabrication of periodic nanostructures by phase-controlled multiple-beam interference,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(23), 4707–4709 (2003).
[Crossref]

P. Simon and J. Ihlemann, “Machining of submicron structures on metals and semiconductors by ultrashort UV-laser pulses,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 63(5), 505–508 (1996).
[Crossref]

Sonoda, K.

Y. Nakata, K. Murakawa, K. Sonoda, K. Momoo, N. Miyanaga, and T. Hiromoto, “Designing of interference pattern in ultra-short pulse laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 112(1), 191–196 (2013).
[Crossref]

Stauch, J.

F. Knorr, A. Uyttendaele, J. Stauch, F. Schechtel, Y. Reg, and M. Zimmermann, “Large-angle programmable direct laser interference patterning with ultrafast laser using spatial light modulator,” Phys. Proc. 83, 1170–1177 (2016).
[Crossref]

Steger, M.

M. Steger, C. Hartmann, S. Beckemper, J. Holtkamp, and A. Gillner, “Fabrication of Hierarchical Structures by Direct Laser Writing and Multi-Beam-Interference,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 8(3), 210–215 (2013).
[Crossref]

Tonchev, S.

Uyttendaele, A.

F. Knorr, A. Uyttendaele, J. Stauch, F. Schechtel, Y. Reg, and M. Zimmermann, “Large-angle programmable direct laser interference patterning with ultrafast laser using spatial light modulator,” Phys. Proc. 83, 1170–1177 (2016).
[Crossref]

Vahimaa, P.

J. J. J. Kaakkunen, K. Paivasaari, and P. Vahimaa, “Fabrication of large-area hole arrays using high-efficiency two-grating interference system and femtosecond laser ablation,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 103(2), 267–270 (2011).
[Crossref]

Veiko, V. P.

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

Voisiat, B.

S. Indrisiunas, B. Voisiat, M. Gedvilas, and G. Raciukaitis, “Two complementary ways of thin-metal-film patterning using laser beam interference and direct ablation,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 23(9), 095034 (2013).
[Crossref]

Wang, D.

D. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Zhang, Y. Yue, D. Li, and C. Maple, “Effects of polarization on four-beam laser interference lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(8), 081903 (2013).
[Crossref]

Wang, G. P.

L. Wu, Y. Zhong, C. T. Chan, K. S. Wong, and G. P. Wang, “Fabrication of large area two- and three-dimensional polymer photonic crystals using single refracting prism holographic lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(24), 241102 (2005).
[Crossref]

Wang, K.

J. Huang, S. Beckemper, A. Gillner, and K. Wang, “Tunable surface texturing by polarization-controlled three-beam interference,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 20(9), 095004 (2010).
[Crossref]

Wang, Z.

D. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Zhang, Y. Yue, D. Li, and C. Maple, “Effects of polarization on four-beam laser interference lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(8), 081903 (2013).
[Crossref]

Weichenhain-Schriever, R.

J. Ihlemann and R. Weichenhain-Schriever, “Laser Based Rapid Fabrication of SiO2-phase Masks for Efficient UV-laser Micromachining,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 4(2), 100–103 (2009).
[Crossref]

Wetzig, A.

A. F. Lasagni, T. Roch, D. Langheinrich, M. Bieda, and A. Wetzig, “Large Area Direct Fabrication of periodic Arrays using Interference Patterning,” Phys. Proc. 12, 214–220 (2011).
[Crossref]

Wong, K. S.

L. Wu, Y. Zhong, C. T. Chan, K. S. Wong, and G. P. Wang, “Fabrication of large area two- and three-dimensional polymer photonic crystals using single refracting prism holographic lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(24), 241102 (2005).
[Crossref]

Wu, L.

L. Wu, Y. Zhong, C. T. Chan, K. S. Wong, and G. P. Wang, “Fabrication of large area two- and three-dimensional polymer photonic crystals using single refracting prism holographic lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(24), 241102 (2005).
[Crossref]

Yakovlev, E.

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

Yao, B.

Yue, Y.

D. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Zhang, Y. Yue, D. Li, and C. Maple, “Effects of polarization on four-beam laser interference lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(8), 081903 (2013).
[Crossref]

Zhang, Z.

D. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Zhang, Y. Yue, D. Li, and C. Maple, “Effects of polarization on four-beam laser interference lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(8), 081903 (2013).
[Crossref]

Zhong, Y.

L. Wu, Y. Zhong, C. T. Chan, K. S. Wong, and G. P. Wang, “Fabrication of large area two- and three-dimensional polymer photonic crystals using single refracting prism holographic lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(24), 241102 (2005).
[Crossref]

Zimmermann, M.

F. Knorr, A. Uyttendaele, J. Stauch, F. Schechtel, Y. Reg, and M. Zimmermann, “Large-angle programmable direct laser interference patterning with ultrafast laser using spatial light modulator,” Phys. Proc. 83, 1170–1177 (2016).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys. Lett. (4)

T. Kondo, S. Matsuo, S. Juodkazis, and H. Misawa, “Femtosecond laser interference technique with diffractive beam splitter for fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 79(6), 725–727 (2001).
[Crossref]

L. Wu, Y. Zhong, C. T. Chan, K. S. Wong, and G. P. Wang, “Fabrication of large area two- and three-dimensional polymer photonic crystals using single refracting prism holographic lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(24), 241102 (2005).
[Crossref]

D. Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Zhang, Y. Yue, D. Li, and C. Maple, “Effects of polarization on four-beam laser interference lithography,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(8), 081903 (2013).
[Crossref]

J.-H. Klein-Wiele and P. Simon, “Fabrication of periodic nanostructures by phase-controlled multiple-beam interference,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(23), 4707–4709 (2003).
[Crossref]

Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. (6)

Y. Nakata, K. Murakawa, K. Sonoda, K. Momoo, N. Miyanaga, and T. Hiromoto, “Designing of interference pattern in ultra-short pulse laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 112(1), 191–196 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. J. J. Kaakkunen, K. Paivasaari, and P. Vahimaa, “Fabrication of large-area hole arrays using high-efficiency two-grating interference system and femtosecond laser ablation,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 103(2), 267–270 (2011).
[Crossref]

J. Bekesi, P. Simon, and J. Ihlemann, “Deterministic sub-micron 2D grating structures on steel by UV-fs-laser interference patterning,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 114(1), 69–73 (2014).
[Crossref]

J. Bekesi, J. Meinertz, P. Simon, and J. Ihlemann, “Sub-500-nm patterning of glass by nanosecond KrF excimer laser ablation,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 110(1), 17–21 (2013).
[Crossref]

P. Simon and J. Ihlemann, “Machining of submicron structures on metals and semiconductors by ultrashort UV-laser pulses,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 63(5), 505–508 (1996).
[Crossref]

Y. Nakata, Y. Matsuba, and N. Miyanaga, “Sub-micron period metal lattices fabricated by interfering ultraviolet femtosecond laser processing,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 122(5), 532 (2016).
[Crossref]

Appl. Surf. Sci. (1)

P. E. Dyer, R. J. Farley, R. Giedl, and D. M. Karnakis, “Excimer laser ablation of polymers and glasses for grating fabrication,” Appl. Surf. Sci. 96–98, 537–549 (1996).
[Crossref]

Chem. Phys. Lett. (1)

J. Si, Z. Meng, S. Kanehira, J. Qiu, B. Hua, and K. Hirao, “Multiphoton-induced periodic microstructures inside bulk azodye-doped polymers by multibeam laser interference,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 399(1-3), 276–279 (2004).
[Crossref]

J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. (4)

J. Békési, J. Meinertz, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Grating Interferometers for Efficient Generation of Large Area Grating Structures via Laser Ablation,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 2(3), 221–224 (2007).
[Crossref]

E. Molotokaitė, M. Gedvilas, G. Račiukaitis, and V. Girdauskas, “Picosecond Laser Beam Interference Ablation of Thin Metal Films on Glass Substrate,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 5(1), 74–79 (2010).
[Crossref]

M. Steger, C. Hartmann, S. Beckemper, J. Holtkamp, and A. Gillner, “Fabrication of Hierarchical Structures by Direct Laser Writing and Multi-Beam-Interference,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 8(3), 210–215 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Ihlemann and R. Weichenhain-Schriever, “Laser Based Rapid Fabrication of SiO2-phase Masks for Efficient UV-laser Micromachining,” J. Laser Micro Nanoeng. 4(2), 100–103 (2009).
[Crossref]

J. Micromech. Microeng. (2)

J. Huang, S. Beckemper, A. Gillner, and K. Wang, “Tunable surface texturing by polarization-controlled three-beam interference,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 20(9), 095004 (2010).
[Crossref]

S. Indrisiunas, B. Voisiat, M. Gedvilas, and G. Raciukaitis, “Two complementary ways of thin-metal-film patterning using laser beam interference and direct ablation,” J. Micromech. Microeng. 23(9), 095034 (2013).
[Crossref]

J. Phys. Conf. Ser. (1)

J. Ihlemann, J.-H. Klein-Wiele, J. Bekesi, and P. Simon, “UV Ultrafast Laser Processing using Phase Masks,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 59, 449–452 (2007).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (2)

Opt. Lett. (1)

Phys. Proc. (4)

A. F. Lasagni, T. Roch, D. Langheinrich, M. Bieda, and A. Wetzig, “Large Area Direct Fabrication of periodic Arrays using Interference Patterning,” Phys. Proc. 12, 214–220 (2011).
[Crossref]

X. Jia and L. Dong, “Fabrication of complex micro/nanopatterns on semiconductors by the multi-beam interference of femtosecond laser,” Phys. Proc. 56, 1059–1065 (2014).
[Crossref]

J. Meinertz, T. Fricke-Begemann, and J. Ihlemann, “Micron and sub-micron gratings on glass by UV laser ablation,” Phys. Proc. 41, 701–705 (2013).
[Crossref]

F. Knorr, A. Uyttendaele, J. Stauch, F. Schechtel, Y. Reg, and M. Zimmermann, “Large-angle programmable direct laser interference patterning with ultrafast laser using spatial light modulator,” Phys. Proc. 83, 1170–1177 (2016).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Appl. (1)

D. S. Ivanov, V. P. Lipp, A. Blumenstein, F. Kleinwort, V. P. Veiko, E. Yakovlev, V. Roddatis, M. E. Garcia, B. Rethfeld, J. Ihlemann, and P. Simon, “Experimental and theoretical investigation of periodic nanostructuring of Au with ultrashort UV laser pulses near the damage threshold,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 4(6), 064006 (2015).
[Crossref]

Proc. SPIE (1)

S. Juodkazis, T. Kondo, V. Mizeikis, S. Matsuo, H. Murata, and H. Misawa, “Three-dimensional recording by femtosecond pulses in dielectrics,” Proc. SPIE 4977, 94–108 (2003).
[Crossref]

Other (1)

A. Papoulis, Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes, 3rd ed., (McGraw-Hill, 1991).

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Figures (12)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Two crossed gratings with variable distance and rotation angle for the generation of phase controlled diffracted beams.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Distribution of all first order beams generated at the first grating G1 (red dots) and the second grating G2 (green and blue dots) for six different rotation angles between the gratings. The white ring represents the open aperture of the optical system.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Camera pictures of the beam patterns obtained with the setup of Fig. 1 taken in front of the imaging optics at various rotation angles between the gratings.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Optical system for the fabrication of diffractive patterns. One element of the pattern generator as well as the beam selector can be rotated around the optical axis. SSO: Schwarzschild objective. The length of the setup from the pattern generator to the sample amounts to 350 mm, the width is 250 mm.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Beam selector: self-centering blades set to select 4 red beams (left). Selector viewed from the solenoid side (right) set to transmit 12 beams.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6 Set of holographic marks on stainless steel. The size of the individual marks is 1 x 1 mm2.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7 Light microscopy (top row), scanning electron microscopy (middle row) and diffraction pattern (bottom row) images of three holographic marks that were fabricated with different configurations of the pattern generator as shown in Fig. 5: (a) 4 beams, single phase mask; (b) 12 beams, rotation angle 10° between the two phase masks; (c) 12 beams, rotation angle 30°.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8 Scanning electron microscopy (top) and diffraction pattern (bottom) images of holographic marks that were fabricated with 12 beams from the pattern generator (see Fig. 5) and varying rotation angle between the phase masks: (a) 8°; (b) 16°; (c) 35°.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9 Optical set-up for the evaluation of surface structures.
Fig. 10
Fig. 10 SEM (top) and diffraction pattern (bottom) images of two holographic marks generated with 4 beams (see Fig. 5). From left to right the pulse energy during fabrication has been increased by a factor of 1.6 with all other parameters kept constant.
Fig. 11
Fig. 11 Diffraction pattern images from a set of holographic marks where the rotation angle between the phase masks in the pattern generator during fabrication has been increased from 2° to 12° as indicated.
Fig. 12
Fig. 12 SEM (top) and diffraction pattern (bottom) images from a series of holographic marks generated with 12 beams (see Fig. 5). From left to right the distance between the phase masks in the pattern generator during fabrication has been increased from 0.3 mm to 1.2 mm as indicated.

Equations (3)

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ΔL=D( 1 cosα 1 )
Δϕ= ϕ 1 ϕ 2 = 2π λ ΔL
c i 1 i 2 ( s )= i 1 (r) i 2 (r+s) i 1 i 2 σ i 1 σ i 2

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