Abstract

Laser scanning is widely employed in imaging and material processing. Common laser scanners are often fast for 2D transverse scanning. Rapid focal depth control is highly desired in many applications. Although remote focusing has been developed to achieve fast focal depth control, the implementation is limited by the laser damage to the actuator near laser focus. Here, we present a new method named pupil plane actuated remote focusing, which enables sub-millisecond response time while avoiding laser damage. We demonstrate its application by implementing a dual-plane two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscope for in vivo recording of calcium transient of neurons in mouse neocortex.

© 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

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2019 (2)

2018 (1)

A. R. Mardinly, I. A. Oldenburg, N. C. Pégard, S. Sridharan, E. H. Lyall, K. Chesnov, S. G. Brohawn, L. Waller, and H. Adesnik, “Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity,” Nat. Neurosci. 21(6), 881–893 (2018).
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2017 (1)

J.-H. Park, L. Kong, Y. Zhou, and M. Cui, “Large-field-of-view imaging by multi-pupil adaptive optics,” Nat. Methods 14(6), 581–583 (2017).
[Crossref]

2016 (2)

T. Duda and L. V. Raghavan, “3D metal printing technology,” IFAC-PapersOnLine 49(29), 103–110 (2016).
[Crossref]

W. Yang, J.-E. K. Miller, L. Carrillo-Reid, E. Pnevmatikakis, L. Paninski, R. Yuste, and D. S. Peterka, “Simultaneous multi-plane imaging of neural circuits,” Neuron 89(2), 269–284 (2016).
[Crossref]

2015 (2)

M. B. Bouchard, V. Voleti, C. S. Mendes, C. Lacefield, W. B. Grueber, R. S. Mann, R. M. Bruno, and E. M. C. Hillman, “Swept confocally-aligned planar excitation (SCAPE) microscopy for high-speed volumetric imaging of behaving organisms,” Nat. Photonics 9(2), 113–119 (2015).
[Crossref]

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[Crossref]

2013 (2)

2012 (3)

E. J. Botcherby, C. W. Smith, M. M. Kohl, D. Debarre, M. J. Booth, R. Juskaitis, O. Paulsen, and T. Wilson, “Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal activity at kHz rates,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109(8), 2919–2924 (2012).
[Crossref]

A. Vaziri and V. Emiliani, “Reshaping the optical dimension in optogenetics,” Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 22(1), 128–137 (2012).
[Crossref]

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

2011 (2)

2010 (1)

S. Shoham, “Optogenetics meets optical wavefront shaping,” Nat. Methods 7(10), 798–799 (2010).
[Crossref]

2009 (1)

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

2008 (3)

2007 (1)

W. Göbel, B. M. Kampa, and F. Helmchen, “Imaging cellular network dynamics in three dimensions using fast 3D laser scanning,” Nat. Methods 4(1), 73–79 (2007).
[Crossref]

2006 (1)

2004 (1)

2003 (1)

T. A. Pologruto, B. L. Sabatini, and K. Svoboda, “ScanImage: flexible software for operating laser scanning microscopes,” BioMed Eng OnLine 2(1), 13 (2003).
[Crossref]

2001 (1)

1997 (1)

W. Denk and K. Svoboda, “Photon upmanship: Why multiphoton imaging is more than a gimmick,” Neuron 18(3), 351–357 (1997).
[Crossref]

Adesnik, H.

A. R. Mardinly, I. A. Oldenburg, N. C. Pégard, S. Sridharan, E. H. Lyall, K. Chesnov, S. G. Brohawn, L. Waller, and H. Adesnik, “Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity,” Nat. Neurosci. 21(6), 881–893 (2018).
[Crossref]

Anderson, P. A.

Arnold, C. B.

Ball, N.

Benfenati, F.

Biber, J. M.

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

Booth, M. J.

E. J. Botcherby, C. W. Smith, M. M. Kohl, D. Debarre, M. J. Booth, R. Juskaitis, O. Paulsen, and T. Wilson, “Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal activity at kHz rates,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109(8), 2919–2924 (2012).
[Crossref]

E. J. Botcherby, R. Juškaitis, M. J. Booth, and T. Wilson, “An optical technique for remote focusing in microscopy,” Opt. Commun. 281(4), 880–887 (2008).
[Crossref]

Botcherby, E. J.

E. J. Botcherby, C. W. Smith, M. M. Kohl, D. Debarre, M. J. Booth, R. Juskaitis, O. Paulsen, and T. Wilson, “Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal activity at kHz rates,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109(8), 2919–2924 (2012).
[Crossref]

E. J. Botcherby, R. Juškaitis, M. J. Booth, and T. Wilson, “An optical technique for remote focusing in microscopy,” Opt. Commun. 281(4), 880–887 (2008).
[Crossref]

Bouchard, M. B.

M. B. Bouchard, V. Voleti, C. S. Mendes, C. Lacefield, W. B. Grueber, R. S. Mann, R. M. Bruno, and E. M. C. Hillman, “Swept confocally-aligned planar excitation (SCAPE) microscopy for high-speed volumetric imaging of behaving organisms,” Nat. Photonics 9(2), 113–119 (2015).
[Crossref]

Brockill, J.

Brodeur, A.

Brohawn, S. G.

A. R. Mardinly, I. A. Oldenburg, N. C. Pégard, S. Sridharan, E. H. Lyall, K. Chesnov, S. G. Brohawn, L. Waller, and H. Adesnik, “Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity,” Nat. Neurosci. 21(6), 881–893 (2018).
[Crossref]

Bruno, R. M.

M. B. Bouchard, V. Voleti, C. S. Mendes, C. Lacefield, W. B. Grueber, R. S. Mann, R. M. Bruno, and E. M. C. Hillman, “Swept confocally-aligned planar excitation (SCAPE) microscopy for high-speed volumetric imaging of behaving organisms,” Nat. Photonics 9(2), 113–119 (2015).
[Crossref]

Call, J. A.

Carrillo-Reid, L.

W. Yang, J.-E. K. Miller, L. Carrillo-Reid, E. Pnevmatikakis, L. Paninski, R. Yuste, and D. S. Peterka, “Simultaneous multi-plane imaging of neural circuits,” Neuron 89(2), 269–284 (2016).
[Crossref]

Charan, K.

Chen, Y.

Chesnov, K.

A. R. Mardinly, I. A. Oldenburg, N. C. Pégard, S. Sridharan, E. H. Lyall, K. Chesnov, S. G. Brohawn, L. Waller, and H. Adesnik, “Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity,” Nat. Neurosci. 21(6), 881–893 (2018).
[Crossref]

Chung, E.

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

Cobb, M. J.

Cook, D.

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

Cui, M.

J.-H. Park, L. Kong, Y. Zhou, and M. Cui, “Large-field-of-view imaging by multi-pupil adaptive optics,” Nat. Methods 14(6), 581–583 (2017).
[Crossref]

L. Kong, J. Tang, J. P. Little, Y. Yu, T. Laemmermann, C. P. Lin, R. N. Germain, and M. Cui, “Continuous volumetric imaging via an optical phase-locked ultrasound lens,” Nat. Methods 12(8), 759–762 (2015).
[Crossref]

Dal Maschio, M.

De Castro, L. E. F.

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

De Stasi, A. M.

de Vries, S.

Debarre, D.

E. J. Botcherby, C. W. Smith, M. M. Kohl, D. Debarre, M. J. Booth, R. Juskaitis, O. Paulsen, and T. Wilson, “Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal activity at kHz rates,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109(8), 2919–2924 (2012).
[Crossref]

Denk, W.

W. Denk and K. Svoboda, “Photon upmanship: Why multiphoton imaging is more than a gimmick,” Neuron 18(3), 351–357 (1997).
[Crossref]

Donnenfeld, E. D.

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

Duda, T.

T. Duda and L. V. Raghavan, “3D metal printing technology,” IFAC-PapersOnLine 49(29), 103–110 (2016).
[Crossref]

Dunsby, C.

Emiliani, V.

A. Vaziri and V. Emiliani, “Reshaping the optical dimension in optogenetics,” Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 22(1), 128–137 (2012).
[Crossref]

Fellin, T.

Fox, D.

French, J. W.

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

Fukumura, D.

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

García, J. F.

Germain, R. N.

L. Kong, J. Tang, J. P. Little, Y. Yu, T. Laemmermann, C. P. Lin, R. N. Germain, and M. Cui, “Continuous volumetric imaging via an optical phase-locked ultrasound lens,” Nat. Methods 12(8), 759–762 (2015).
[Crossref]

Göbel, W.

W. Göbel, B. M. Kampa, and F. Helmchen, “Imaging cellular network dynamics in three dimensions using fast 3D laser scanning,” Nat. Methods 4(1), 73–79 (2007).
[Crossref]

Grewe, B. F.

Groat, B.

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

Grueber, W. B.

M. B. Bouchard, V. Voleti, C. S. Mendes, C. Lacefield, W. B. Grueber, R. S. Mann, R. M. Bruno, and E. M. C. Hillman, “Swept confocally-aligned planar excitation (SCAPE) microscopy for high-speed volumetric imaging of behaving organisms,” Nat. Photonics 9(2), 113–119 (2015).
[Crossref]

Gruionu, G.

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

Han, X.

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

Helmchen, F.

B. F. Grewe, F. F. Voigt, M. van’t Hoff, and F. Helmchen, “Fast two-layer two-photon imaging of neuronal cell populations using an electrically tunable lens,” Biomed. Opt. Express 2(7), 2035–2046 (2011).
[Crossref]

W. Göbel, B. M. Kampa, and F. Helmchen, “Imaging cellular network dynamics in three dimensions using fast 3D laser scanning,” Nat. Methods 4(1), 73–79 (2007).
[Crossref]

Hillman, E. M. C.

M. B. Bouchard, V. Voleti, C. S. Mendes, C. Lacefield, W. B. Grueber, R. S. Mann, R. M. Bruno, and E. M. C. Hillman, “Swept confocally-aligned planar excitation (SCAPE) microscopy for high-speed volumetric imaging of behaving organisms,” Nat. Photonics 9(2), 113–119 (2015).
[Crossref]

Huland, D. M.

Jain, R. K.

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

Jones, J. S.

Juskaitis, R.

E. J. Botcherby, C. W. Smith, M. M. Kohl, D. Debarre, M. J. Booth, R. Juskaitis, O. Paulsen, and T. Wilson, “Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal activity at kHz rates,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109(8), 2919–2924 (2012).
[Crossref]

Juškaitis, R.

E. J. Botcherby, R. Juškaitis, M. J. Booth, and T. Wilson, “An optical technique for remote focusing in microscopy,” Opt. Commun. 281(4), 880–887 (2008).
[Crossref]

Kampa, B. M.

W. Göbel, B. M. Kampa, and F. Helmchen, “Imaging cellular network dynamics in three dimensions using fast 3D laser scanning,” Nat. Methods 4(1), 73–79 (2007).
[Crossref]

Karumbaiah, L.

Kimmey, M. B.

Kirkpatrick, N.

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

Kohl, M. M.

E. J. Botcherby, C. W. Smith, M. M. Kohl, D. Debarre, M. J. Booth, R. Juskaitis, O. Paulsen, and T. Wilson, “Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal activity at kHz rates,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109(8), 2919–2924 (2012).
[Crossref]

Kong, L.

J.-H. Park, L. Kong, Y. Zhou, and M. Cui, “Large-field-of-view imaging by multi-pupil adaptive optics,” Nat. Methods 14(6), 581–583 (2017).
[Crossref]

L. Kong, J. Tang, J. P. Little, Y. Yu, T. Laemmermann, C. P. Lin, R. N. Germain, and M. Cui, “Continuous volumetric imaging via an optical phase-locked ultrasound lens,” Nat. Methods 12(8), 759–762 (2015).
[Crossref]

Kuan, L.

Lacefield, C.

M. B. Bouchard, V. Voleti, C. S. Mendes, C. Lacefield, W. B. Grueber, R. S. Mann, R. M. Bruno, and E. M. C. Hillman, “Swept confocally-aligned planar excitation (SCAPE) microscopy for high-speed volumetric imaging of behaving organisms,” Nat. Photonics 9(2), 113–119 (2015).
[Crossref]

Laemmermann, T.

L. Kong, J. Tang, J. P. Little, Y. Yu, T. Laemmermann, C. P. Lin, R. N. Germain, and M. Cui, “Continuous volumetric imaging via an optical phase-locked ultrasound lens,” Nat. Methods 12(8), 759–762 (2015).
[Crossref]

Latchoumane, C. V.

Leon, A.

Li, X.

Liao, S.

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

Lin, C. P.

L. Kong, J. Tang, J. P. Little, Y. Yu, T. Laemmermann, C. P. Lin, R. N. Germain, and M. Cui, “Continuous volumetric imaging via an optical phase-locked ultrasound lens,” Nat. Methods 12(8), 759–762 (2015).
[Crossref]

Lindstrom, R. L.

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

Little, J. P.

L. Kong, J. Tang, J. P. Little, Y. Yu, T. Laemmermann, C. P. Lin, R. N. Germain, and M. Cui, “Continuous volumetric imaging via an optical phase-locked ultrasound lens,” Nat. Methods 12(8), 759–762 (2015).
[Crossref]

Liu, R.

Liu, X.

Lyall, E. H.

A. R. Mardinly, I. A. Oldenburg, N. C. Pégard, S. Sridharan, E. H. Lyall, K. Chesnov, S. G. Brohawn, L. Waller, and H. Adesnik, “Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity,” Nat. Neurosci. 21(6), 881–893 (2018).
[Crossref]

Mann, R. S.

M. B. Bouchard, V. Voleti, C. S. Mendes, C. Lacefield, W. B. Grueber, R. S. Mann, R. M. Bruno, and E. M. C. Hillman, “Swept confocally-aligned planar excitation (SCAPE) microscopy for high-speed volumetric imaging of behaving organisms,” Nat. Photonics 9(2), 113–119 (2015).
[Crossref]

Mardinly, A. R.

A. R. Mardinly, I. A. Oldenburg, N. C. Pégard, S. Sridharan, E. H. Lyall, K. Chesnov, S. G. Brohawn, L. Waller, and H. Adesnik, “Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity,” Nat. Neurosci. 21(6), 881–893 (2018).
[Crossref]

Maslesa, A.

Mazumder, J.

W. M. Steen and J. Mazumder, Laser material processing (springer science & business media, 2010).

Mazur, E.

McLeod, E.

Mendes, C. S.

M. B. Bouchard, V. Voleti, C. S. Mendes, C. Lacefield, W. B. Grueber, R. S. Mann, R. M. Bruno, and E. M. C. Hillman, “Swept confocally-aligned planar excitation (SCAPE) microscopy for high-speed volumetric imaging of behaving organisms,” Nat. Photonics 9(2), 113–119 (2015).
[Crossref]

Mermillod-Blondin, A.

Miller, J.-E. K.

W. Yang, J.-E. K. Miller, L. Carrillo-Reid, E. Pnevmatikakis, L. Paninski, R. Yuste, and D. S. Peterka, “Simultaneous multi-plane imaging of neural circuits,” Neuron 89(2), 269–284 (2016).
[Crossref]

Millman, D.

Mortensen, L. J.

Munn, L.

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

Neff, K. D.

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

Nishimura, N.

Nishiwaki, S.

Oldenburg, I. A.

A. R. Mardinly, I. A. Oldenburg, N. C. Pégard, S. Sridharan, E. H. Lyall, K. Chesnov, S. G. Brohawn, L. Waller, and H. Adesnik, “Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity,” Nat. Neurosci. 21(6), 881–893 (2018).
[Crossref]

Ouzounov, D. G.

Padera, T.

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

Paninski, L.

W. Yang, J.-E. K. Miller, L. Carrillo-Reid, E. Pnevmatikakis, L. Paninski, R. Yuste, and D. S. Peterka, “Simultaneous multi-plane imaging of neural circuits,” Neuron 89(2), 269–284 (2016).
[Crossref]

Park, J.-H.

J.-H. Park, L. Kong, Y. Zhou, and M. Cui, “Large-field-of-view imaging by multi-pupil adaptive optics,” Nat. Methods 14(6), 581–583 (2017).
[Crossref]

Paulsen, O.

E. J. Botcherby, C. W. Smith, M. M. Kohl, D. Debarre, M. J. Booth, R. Juskaitis, O. Paulsen, and T. Wilson, “Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal activity at kHz rates,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109(8), 2919–2924 (2012).
[Crossref]

Pawley, J.

J. Pawley, Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy, 3 ed. (Springer, US, 2006).

Pégard, N. C.

A. R. Mardinly, I. A. Oldenburg, N. C. Pégard, S. Sridharan, E. H. Lyall, K. Chesnov, S. G. Brohawn, L. Waller, and H. Adesnik, “Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity,” Nat. Neurosci. 21(6), 881–893 (2018).
[Crossref]

Pendleton, E. G.

Peterka, D. S.

W. Yang, J.-E. K. Miller, L. Carrillo-Reid, E. Pnevmatikakis, L. Paninski, R. Yuste, and D. S. Peterka, “Simultaneous multi-plane imaging of neural circuits,” Neuron 89(2), 269–284 (2016).
[Crossref]

S. Quirin, D. S. Peterka, and R. Yuste, “Instantaneous three-dimensional sensing using spatial light modulator illumination with extended depth of field imaging,” Opt. Express 21(13), 16007–16021 (2013).
[Crossref]

Pnevmatikakis, E.

W. Yang, J.-E. K. Miller, L. Carrillo-Reid, E. Pnevmatikakis, L. Paninski, R. Yuste, and D. S. Peterka, “Simultaneous multi-plane imaging of neural circuits,” Neuron 89(2), 269–284 (2016).
[Crossref]

Pologruto, T. A.

T. A. Pologruto, B. L. Sabatini, and K. Svoboda, “ScanImage: flexible software for operating laser scanning microscopes,” BioMed Eng OnLine 2(1), 13 (2003).
[Crossref]

Quirin, S.

Raghavan, L. V.

T. Duda and L. V. Raghavan, “3D metal printing technology,” IFAC-PapersOnLine 49(29), 103–110 (2016).
[Crossref]

Ren, H.

Sabatini, B. L.

T. A. Pologruto, B. L. Sabatini, and K. Svoboda, “ScanImage: flexible software for operating laser scanning microscopes,” BioMed Eng OnLine 2(1), 13 (2003).
[Crossref]

Sandoval, H. P.

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

Schaffer, C. B.

Shoham, S.

S. Shoham, “Optogenetics meets optical wavefront shaping,” Nat. Methods 7(10), 798–799 (2010).
[Crossref]

Smith, C. W.

E. J. Botcherby, C. W. Smith, M. M. Kohl, D. Debarre, M. J. Booth, R. Juskaitis, O. Paulsen, and T. Wilson, “Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal activity at kHz rates,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109(8), 2919–2924 (2012).
[Crossref]

Solomon, K. D.

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

Southern, W. M.

Sridharan, S.

A. R. Mardinly, I. A. Oldenburg, N. C. Pégard, S. Sridharan, E. H. Lyall, K. Chesnov, S. G. Brohawn, L. Waller, and H. Adesnik, “Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity,” Nat. Neurosci. 21(6), 881–893 (2018).
[Crossref]

Steen, W. M.

W. M. Steen and J. Mazumder, Laser material processing (springer science & business media, 2010).

Svoboda, K.

T. A. Pologruto, B. L. Sabatini, and K. Svoboda, “ScanImage: flexible software for operating laser scanning microscopes,” BioMed Eng OnLine 2(1), 13 (2003).
[Crossref]

W. Denk and K. Svoboda, “Photon upmanship: Why multiphoton imaging is more than a gimmick,” Neuron 18(3), 351–357 (1997).
[Crossref]

Tang, J.

L. Kong, J. Tang, J. P. Little, Y. Yu, T. Laemmermann, C. P. Lin, R. N. Germain, and M. Cui, “Continuous volumetric imaging via an optical phase-locked ultrasound lens,” Nat. Methods 12(8), 759–762 (2015).
[Crossref]

Tehrani, K. F.

van’t Hoff, M.

Vaziri, A.

A. Vaziri and V. Emiliani, “Reshaping the optical dimension in optogenetics,” Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 22(1), 128–137 (2012).
[Crossref]

Voigt, F. F.

Voleti, V.

M. B. Bouchard, V. Voleti, C. S. Mendes, C. Lacefield, W. B. Grueber, R. S. Mann, R. M. Bruno, and E. M. C. Hillman, “Swept confocally-aligned planar excitation (SCAPE) microscopy for high-speed volumetric imaging of behaving organisms,” Nat. Photonics 9(2), 113–119 (2015).
[Crossref]

Waller, L.

A. R. Mardinly, I. A. Oldenburg, N. C. Pégard, S. Sridharan, E. H. Lyall, K. Chesnov, S. G. Brohawn, L. Waller, and H. Adesnik, “Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity,” Nat. Neurosci. 21(6), 881–893 (2018).
[Crossref]

White, C.

Williams, D.

Wilson, T.

E. J. Botcherby, C. W. Smith, M. M. Kohl, D. Debarre, M. J. Booth, R. Juskaitis, O. Paulsen, and T. Wilson, “Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal activity at kHz rates,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109(8), 2919–2924 (2012).
[Crossref]

E. J. Botcherby, R. Juškaitis, M. J. Booth, and T. Wilson, “An optical technique for remote focusing in microscopy,” Opt. Commun. 281(4), 880–887 (2008).
[Crossref]

Wu, B.

Wu, S.-T.

Xu, C.

Yang, W.

W. Yang, J.-E. K. Miller, L. Carrillo-Reid, E. Pnevmatikakis, L. Paninski, R. Yuste, and D. S. Peterka, “Simultaneous multi-plane imaging of neural circuits,” Neuron 89(2), 269–284 (2016).
[Crossref]

Ying, M. S.

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

Yu, Y.

L. Kong, J. Tang, J. P. Little, Y. Yu, T. Laemmermann, C. P. Lin, R. N. Germain, and M. Cui, “Continuous volumetric imaging via an optical phase-locked ultrasound lens,” Nat. Methods 12(8), 759–762 (2015).
[Crossref]

Yuste, R.

W. Yang, J.-E. K. Miller, L. Carrillo-Reid, E. Pnevmatikakis, L. Paninski, R. Yuste, and D. S. Peterka, “Simultaneous multi-plane imaging of neural circuits,” Neuron 89(2), 269–284 (2016).
[Crossref]

S. Quirin, D. S. Peterka, and R. Yuste, “Instantaneous three-dimensional sensing using spatial light modulator illumination with extended depth of field imaging,” Opt. Express 21(13), 16007–16021 (2013).
[Crossref]

Zhou, Y.

J.-H. Park, L. Kong, Y. Zhou, and M. Cui, “Large-field-of-view imaging by multi-pupil adaptive optics,” Nat. Methods 14(6), 581–583 (2017).
[Crossref]

BioMed Eng OnLine (1)

T. A. Pologruto, B. L. Sabatini, and K. Svoboda, “ScanImage: flexible software for operating laser scanning microscopes,” BioMed Eng OnLine 2(1), 13 (2003).
[Crossref]

Biomed. Opt. Express (4)

Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. (1)

A. Vaziri and V. Emiliani, “Reshaping the optical dimension in optogenetics,” Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 22(1), 128–137 (2012).
[Crossref]

IFAC-PapersOnLine (1)

T. Duda and L. V. Raghavan, “3D metal printing technology,” IFAC-PapersOnLine 49(29), 103–110 (2016).
[Crossref]

IntraVital (1)

N. Kirkpatrick, E. Chung, D. Cook, X. Han, G. Gruionu, S. Liao, L. Munn, T. Padera, D. Fukumura, and R. K. Jain, “Video-rate resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy: An emerging technique for intravital imaging of the tumor microenvironment,” IntraVital 1(1), 60–68 (2012).
[Crossref]

Nat. Methods (4)

L. Kong, J. Tang, J. P. Little, Y. Yu, T. Laemmermann, C. P. Lin, R. N. Germain, and M. Cui, “Continuous volumetric imaging via an optical phase-locked ultrasound lens,” Nat. Methods 12(8), 759–762 (2015).
[Crossref]

W. Göbel, B. M. Kampa, and F. Helmchen, “Imaging cellular network dynamics in three dimensions using fast 3D laser scanning,” Nat. Methods 4(1), 73–79 (2007).
[Crossref]

S. Shoham, “Optogenetics meets optical wavefront shaping,” Nat. Methods 7(10), 798–799 (2010).
[Crossref]

J.-H. Park, L. Kong, Y. Zhou, and M. Cui, “Large-field-of-view imaging by multi-pupil adaptive optics,” Nat. Methods 14(6), 581–583 (2017).
[Crossref]

Nat. Neurosci. (1)

A. R. Mardinly, I. A. Oldenburg, N. C. Pégard, S. Sridharan, E. H. Lyall, K. Chesnov, S. G. Brohawn, L. Waller, and H. Adesnik, “Precise multimodal optical control of neural ensemble activity,” Nat. Neurosci. 21(6), 881–893 (2018).
[Crossref]

Nat. Photonics (1)

M. B. Bouchard, V. Voleti, C. S. Mendes, C. Lacefield, W. B. Grueber, R. S. Mann, R. M. Bruno, and E. M. C. Hillman, “Swept confocally-aligned planar excitation (SCAPE) microscopy for high-speed volumetric imaging of behaving organisms,” Nat. Photonics 9(2), 113–119 (2015).
[Crossref]

Neuron (2)

W. Denk and K. Svoboda, “Photon upmanship: Why multiphoton imaging is more than a gimmick,” Neuron 18(3), 351–357 (1997).
[Crossref]

W. Yang, J.-E. K. Miller, L. Carrillo-Reid, E. Pnevmatikakis, L. Paninski, R. Yuste, and D. S. Peterka, “Simultaneous multi-plane imaging of neural circuits,” Neuron 89(2), 269–284 (2016).
[Crossref]

Ophthalmology (1)

K. D. Solomon, L. E. F. De Castro, H. P. Sandoval, J. M. Biber, B. Groat, K. D. Neff, M. S. Ying, J. W. French, E. D. Donnenfeld, and R. L. Lindstrom, “LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction,” Ophthalmology 116(4), 691–701 (2009).
[Crossref]

Opt. Commun. (1)

E. J. Botcherby, R. Juškaitis, M. J. Booth, and T. Wilson, “An optical technique for remote focusing in microscopy,” Opt. Commun. 281(4), 880–887 (2008).
[Crossref]

Opt. Express (3)

Opt. Lett. (4)

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. (1)

E. J. Botcherby, C. W. Smith, M. M. Kohl, D. Debarre, M. J. Booth, R. Juskaitis, O. Paulsen, and T. Wilson, “Aberration-free three-dimensional multiphoton imaging of neuronal activity at kHz rates,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109(8), 2919–2924 (2012).
[Crossref]

Other (2)

W. M. Steen and J. Mazumder, Laser material processing (springer science & business media, 2010).

J. Pawley, Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy, 3 ed. (Springer, US, 2006).

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Figures (4)

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Objective lens configuration for pupil plane actuated remote focusing.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a) System design for PRF based two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscope. Galvo1, single axis galvo scanner (8315k Cambridge Technology); L1-6, achromatic telecentric relay lenses with focal length 125, 300, 300, 187.5, 125, and 500 mm; Galvo2, two-axis galvo scanner (8315k Cambridge Technology); BP, bandpass filter (535/150 Semrock). (b) Defocus distance’s dependence on galvo 1 voltage.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Spatial resolution characterized by two-photon imaging of 0.2 µm beads. (a, b) Transverse and axial cross-section images with 0 defocusing. Scale bar, 0.5 µm. (c-e) Gaussian fitting with the full width at half maximum (FWHM) value shown. (f-h) Focus FWHM as a function of defocusing distance.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Dual-plane in vivo calcium recording of neuronal activity in awake mouse brain. (a) Spatial configuration of the two imaging planes. (b, c) Image and calcium transients of dendrites and somata in the upper plane. (d, e) Image and calcium transients of dendritic trunks and somata in the lower plane.

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