Abstract

An adjustable optical vortex array (OVA) based on decentered annular beam pumping has been demonstrated in an end-pumped Nd:YVO₄ laser. This method allows for not only the transverse mode locking of different modes, but also the ability to adjust the mode weight and phase by manipulating the position of the focusing lens and axicon lens. To explain this phenomenon, we propose a threshold model for each mode. Using this approach, we were able to generate optical vortex arrays with 2–7 phase singularities, achieving a maximum conversion efficiency of 25.8%. Our work represents an innovative advancement in the development of solid-state lasers capable of generating adjustable vortex points.

© 2023 Optica Publishing Group

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